Geography Senior One Compulsory Second Unit 1-5 Mind Map

A compulsory course for senior one in geography 1-5 unit knowledge points.

Chapter I Population and Environment

Section 1 Population growth model

1, the root cause of population growth rate, the level of productivity development and the direct cause of natural population growth rate = birth rate-death rate.

2. Population growth pattern

(1) Before the industrial revolution, the original population growth mode, characteristics, height and primitive society, while the traditional population growth mode was characterized by upper and lower slave society, feudal society and capitalist society.

(2) The characteristics of the industrial revolution, high and low (18th century-19th century and early 20th century) in Europe.

Since 1950s, it has been ubiquitous in most developing countries.

(3) The main developed countries in the world with the characteristics of "three lows" in modern times (reasons: the popularization of modern scientific knowledge, the progress of medical and health technology, and the change of people's reproductive concept and behavior).

3. Countries with zero population growth: Italy, Hungary, Russia and Germany.

Countries with negative population growth; Britain, Belgium, Finland, etc.

4. There are three main factors leading to the rapid decline of the birth rate in China: 1 socio-economic factors? 2 institutional factors? 3 family planning factors.

5. The world population has reached 5 billion:198771600 million: 1999 65 billion: 2006 2 28.

The age structure is 0- 14 years old and over 65 years old (China is 60 years old).

Young type is greater than or equal to 40% and less than 4%

Adult 30%-40%?

The elderly type is less than 30% and more than 7% | 60% and more than 10%.

The natural growth rate is less than or equal to 1.0%, and the birth rate is less than or equal to 1.5%.

Section 2 Reasonable Population Capacity

1, the "j" curve growth of the world population is called exponential growth of population.

2. Natural resources (resources that must exist in nature and can be directly used in a certain period of time) are the main sources of human production and living materials.

3, the classification of natural resources:

1.( 1) Mineral resources: they are important natural resources and the material basis for modern production and improvement of living standards.

(2) Water resources: Fresh water reserves only account for about 2.535% of the world's total water, while available fresh water reserves only account for about 0.03% of fresh water reserves.

(3) Land resources: 1 The per capita land ownership has dropped sharply, which makes the land under increasing pressure. 2. The unreasonable use of land by human beings has obviously reduced the area of land used for agricultural production. The basic national policy of land in China is to cherish and rationally use every inch of land and effectively protect cultivated land.

(4) Forest resources (with the functions of regulating climate, conserving water, conserving soil and water, purifying air, preventing wind and fixing sand): extensive destruction of forests leads to increased soil erosion, decreased soil fertility, accelerated desertification of cultivated land, deepened air pollution and abnormal increase in climate.

Two, infinite resources (beyond the technical level in a certain period of time) and limited resources.

Limited resources include non-renewable resources and renewable resources (that is, renewable resources but it takes some time). If overexploited, renewable resources may become non-renewable resources.

(Note: The level of scientific and technological development determines the quantity of resources development, while the level of cultural consumption determines the quantity of resources consumption)

Population capacity refers to what a country or region can accommodate under certain natural resources and economic and social conditions.

reference data

Yuxing Education Network:/downinfo/410807.html.