Social problems in immigrant cities

Whether there is a paper account in Shenzhen is a world of difference. With this paper account, it means that you can enjoy Shenzhen medical insurance, and you basically don't have to spend money to see a doctor; Means a chance to fight for welfare housing. In the early days, the average price of welfare housing in Meilin Village in Shenzhen was 1.500 yuan per square meter, but now it has doubled 10; It means that children can receive free compulsory education in Shenzhen, and the borrowing fee for migrants in one semester is as high as that in 900 yuan; Even the pass for self-help tour in Hong Kong is only open to local household registration, and migrant workers need to go back to their hometown to join a tour group before they can go to Hong Kong.

This kind of different people enjoy different treatment, which also causes a certain degree of opposition between indigenous people and foreigners. If you have a local household registration in Shenzhen, in Shenzhen, where land is precious, and in many Shenzhen villages where rent is the main source of income, it often means that you will get hundreds of thousands of dividends at the end of your birth, so that some "married women" demand dividends.

Compared with these local aborigines who were born with "golden keys", migrant workers not only have to work ten hours a day in factories, but also suffer from discrimination.

In February, 2006, on the street near Huang Longtang Market in Yifeng Road under the jurisdiction of long gang zhen Office, the police put up large banners, which read "Resolutely crack down on extortion gangs of Henan nationality" and "Anyone who reports extortion crimes of Henan nationality will be rewarded with 500 yuan". Both banners were signed with the words "Announced by Longxin Police Station", which caused widespread controversy and condemned foreigners and regional discrimination. Finally, the police apologized.

The "Blue Book of Shenzhen" issued by Shenzhen police is the first report on the problem of floating population issued by Shenzhen public security department. According to the report, the vast majority of floating population are urban workers who have contributed to the city, and only about 0.7% of them are suspected of violating the law and discipline. "But this handful of bad elements is a huge absolute number and a hidden bomb for the safety of urban citizens."

The overall education level of migrant workers in Shenzhen is generally low, and most of them come from rural areas. After the vast majority of wage earners and female migrant workers come to Shenzhen, their main task is to work in factories to earn money. Their greatest wish is to send their savings back to their poor hometown so that their families can live better. Of course, many of them scrimp and save, and strive to enter adult colleges and amateur professional and technical schools at all levels to learn knowledge and technology, hoping to "bring water back to China" in a few years. Treating this city, they are more like bystanders, but what they are most attached to is always their hometown. How to let those who moved to Shenzhen stay has also become a problem that Shenzhen is considering. Li Youwei, former secretary of the Shenzhen Municipal Party Committee, suggested that "migrant workers" should not be mentioned, and a more respectful title should be adopted. In terms of social security, in May this year, Shenzhen also took the lead in establishing a cooperative medical system for migrant workers with "low payment, wide coverage and basic security". Every month, enterprises pay 8 yuan and migrant workers pay 4 yuan, which can ensure the outpatient service and hospitalization of migrant workers. In 2005, the minimum wage of workers in Shenzhen Special Economic Zone reached 690 yuan, ranking first in China. Since the implementation of the Regulations on Enterprise Wage Protection in Shenzhen Special Economic Zone (1997 65438+ 10/), the wage protection fund has not only advanced 45.95 million yuan of enterprise wages, benefiting 33,899 workers, but also recently launched rights protection activities, recovering 237 million yuan of wages for workers in half a year. Shenzhen has enacted 17 laws and regulations to strictly restrict and stop the illegal exploitation of workers by some enterprises, and make provisions on working hours, overtime restrictions, wage calculation and payment, rest and vacation, labor protection and social insurance. In order to meet the school needs of migrant children, Shenzhen invests 5.5 billion yuan in education every year, and the number of migrant children has reached 500,000.

Some netizens also suggested that Shenzhen, as a unique immigrant city, should set up a "temporary population festival" or "immigrant festival" to enhance the sense of belonging; On the other hand, it expresses a special respect for this group in this way.

This move caused a heated discussion among netizens, and most of the online replies expressed support. Experts believe that this reflects the unique cultural phenomenon of Shenzhen as an immigrant city, but they think it is inappropriate to set up a temporary population festival, which may artificially create opposition between temporary population and permanent population.

Yu Youjun, the former mayor of Shenzhen, said that if most people who have lived in a city for a long time are mobile, and these people have no sense of identity and "roots" in the city, then the city's mentality must be impetuous. How to retain people when starting a second business? Let more people share the fruits of reform and opening up, which is becoming a loud slogan for politicians in this city to retain people's hearts.

Zhu Risheng next considered buying a house in Baoan District, Shenzhen. "I sold my home property, which is enough to buy a house in Baoan." Zhu Risheng is looking forward to it. "At that time, I will take my wife and children, and the household registration system will definitely be reformed in the future. Maybe someone like me will have a chance ... "He said.

1 987 65438+February1Sunday afternoon, the first land auction in China officially started, which sounded the first hammer of the new China land auction. A piece of land with an area of 8,588 square meters and a 50-year use right was sold for 5.25 million yuan, which also became a landmark event of Shenzhen's reform and opening up; Twenty years later, on June 28th, a piece of land with an area of 5,000 square meters was won by Tian Jian Company with a total price of 6,543.8+66 million yuan, and the floor price was as high as 6,543.8+53.3 million yuan/square meter, which was a new high in Shenzhen.

High land prices naturally bring high housing prices, and Zhu Risheng is getting farther and farther away from his dreams. The high cost of living also makes more people with dreams feel that it is not easy to live in Shenzhen, and many choose to give up and move, which also makes this rootless city, as well as the city managers with high prices such as Beijing and Shanghai feel scratching their heads.