Who can introduce the Penghu Islands?

Penghu Islands, located in the Taiwan Province Strait in the west of Taiwan Province Province, was the earliest developed place in Taiwan Province Province.

The name of Penghu is similar to Zhongtun, Baisha and Xiyu, the largest islands in Penghu. The sea is rough outside and the waves in the lake are calm. Clarification is like a tide, hence the name.

Penghu has counties, with Yunlin, Chiayi and Tainan in the east and Xiamen in Fujian in the west. The county consists of Penghu Island and 63 islands around it. Collectively known as the Penghu Islands. The county covers an area of about 127 square kilometers, and governs Magong City and five townships: Tribal Tiger, Baisha, Xiyu, Wang 'an and Qi Mei. The county is located in Magong City. The population of the county is about 90,000, and the residents are Han nationality, with Quanzhou, Fujian as the world's largest resident.

Penghu Archipelago enjoys a superior geographical position. It is separated from Taiwan Province Island by Penghu Waterway in the east, with the shortest distance of about 24 nautical miles, and faces Xiamen, Fujian Province across the sea, with the shortest distance of about 75 nautical miles. In the past, ships crossing the Taiwan Province Strait and travelling between the mainland and Taiwan Province Island often entered Magong Port on Penghu Island. From here, you can reach Mazu Islands, Chenda Island and Zhoushan Islands in the north, dongsha islands and Nansha Islands in the south, and the Philippines and Southeast Asian countries. Located in the center of the Taiwan Province Strait, Penghu Islands is called "the southeast hub" because it is a shipping hub in East Asia.

The development history of Penghu can be traced back to before Qin and Han Dynasties. In recent years, archaeologists in Taiwan Province Province have unearthed hard sandstone stone axes and other ancient relics on Penghu Island, which are left over by immigrants who crossed the sea before Qin and Han Dynasties and belong to the mainland culture of the motherland, but the mainland culture of this period has not been found on the island of Taiwan Province Province. It shows that the spread of mainland culture of the motherland goes to Penghu first, and then from Penghu to Taiwan Province Province. Penghu has played an indelible and important role in cultural communication. We'll talk about it later. With the development of navigation technology, Penghu Islands have gradually become a springboard for cross-strait traffic in Taiwan Province Province. It has a good harbor, and it is the meeting point of various ship activities in the Taiwan Province Strait.

Penghu was formally incorporated into Chinese territory in Song Dynasty. At that time, people from Quanzhou, Fujian Province had moved to Penghu, and by the Yuan Dynasty, there were more and more immigrants. In the 16th year of Yuan Dynasty (1279), the ruler of Yuan Dynasty set up a patrol inspection department in Penghu, which was subordinate to Quanzhou Prefecture, Fujian Province, and its development time was more than 380 years earlier than that of Taiwan Province Island. In the Ming dynasty, it was defeated by the Dutch twice. After Zheng Chenggong recovered Taiwan Province, he set up the appeasement department in Penghu. In the Qing dynasty, the inspection department and the general staff department were set up successively. Penghu Island Guild Hall was established during the Japanese occupation. After the recovery of Taiwan, 1946 established Penghu County.

The basement of Penghu Archipelago is a raised basalt square mountain, which was formed after many ups and downs, marine erosion and volcanic eruption, generally at an altitude of 20? 30 meters. Located in Wang 'an Township, Damaoyu Island is 79 meters above sea level, which is the highest place in China. Among the 64 islands, Penghu Island has the largest area of 64.24 square kilometers, followed by Baisha Island and Xiyu Island. There are 8 islands with an area of over 1 km2, including Hu Jing, Qibei and Wang 'an. The remaining 53 islands are all below 1 km2, of which 44 are uninhabited.

Penghu Islands and Taiwan Province Island are separated by water, but the climate is quite different. The average annual temperature in this county is 27.7 degrees Celsius. The hottest July and August, the average temperature is lower than Taipei. The coldest 1 and February, the average temperature is higher than that of Taipei 1 Celsius. Penghu is cool in summer and warm in winter, but the rainfall is scarce and the wind is strong. There are as many windy days as 144 days with the annual average wind speed exceeding Grade 6, including 165438+ 10 every year to 65438+ 10 in the following year, and there are more than 20 windy days every month. Except for southerly winds from June to August, most months are northeast monsoon, and the maximum wind speed can reach more than 20 meters per second, which is equivalent to a moderate typhoon. The annual precipitation of the whole county is 1000mm, which is the least in Taiwan Province province and unevenly distributed. Summer precipitation accounts for 80% of the whole year, and the drought period is about 180 days.

Penghu Islands has a flat terrain, no rivers and mountains, shallow soil layers, all reddish-brown soil, insufficient fertility, lack of water and strong sea breeze, which is not conducive to crop growth. Only sweet potatoes and peanuts can be planted. In the mid-1980s, watermelons, cantaloupes and loofahs were successfully planted here, known as the "three melons" in Penghu, among which cantaloupes were also exported to Taiwan Province Island. However, most of the food, vegetables and fruits needed by this county depend on the supply of Taiwan Province Island.

When you set foot on Yuan Ye in Penghu, you can see the special sight of farmland at a glance. There are many windbreaks made of coral reefs around the fields. The surface of coral reef is uneven, slightly soluble in water and then cemented. The wall built with it will not collapse after years of wind and rain, but will be more closely cemented together and very strong. Most of the old houses along Penghu are made of coral reef stones. Up to now, this kind of wall is still a major feature of Penghu's architectural landscape, and some people call it "honeycomb wall". There are many natural wonders in the Fengguiwei Peninsula of Penghu Island, which can be reached by about 20 minutes' drive from the county seat of Magong City. Fengguiwei Peninsula is located opposite Magong Port and folded with Magong Peninsula to form Magong Bay. At the northwest end of the peninsula is Fenggewei, the westernmost village of Penghu Island. Due to the geographical location, the wind and waves here are particularly strong, and the glistening foam is flying all over the sky, which has the spirit of "stirring up thousands of piles of snow". Standing here, you can feel the power of "Penghu Wind". There is a wind cabinet hole on the outermost side of the northern part of the wind cabinet tail peninsula, with a diameter of about 4 meters. Whenever huge waves pour into caves, people will hear thunderous waves coming from the depths of huge caves, which is called "listening to waves in the wind pavilion" The formation of the wind cabinet cave is related to its geographical location, and warm currents from the Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea pass through it. Every year at the turn of summer and autumn, when a violent typhoon hits Penghu, the outer side of Fengkuwei Peninsula is in the wind, and the sea erosion is particularly strong. The development of columnar joints along the coast composed of basalt contributed to the erosion of sea waves along the joints, and finally hollowed out the rock wall and formed peak and reservoir caves.

Go northeast from Fengguidong along the island road, and cross the sea-crossing bridge to reach Baisha Island. There is a famous "Tongliang Big Banyan Tree" on the island, which is over 300 years old. The original trunk has withered, the branches have sunk into the soil, and more than 20 branches have grown around, which are intertwined and lush, covering an area of more than 660 square meters. It is like a huge umbrella, forming a natural pavilion. There is a stone desk and chair under the pavilion. Sitting here, you can enjoy the cool while drinking tea with the old people and learn about the history of the ancient banyan tree.

According to legend, in the 12th year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1673), a Fujian merchant ship passed Penghu, but unfortunately it sank in Tongliang Village, Baisha Township in the gale, leaving only a pot of two small banyan trees, which drifted to the seaside of Tongliang Village with the tide and were picked up by villagers. Transplanted to Baoan Palace for irrigation cultivation. Unexpectedly, it has survived on Penghu Island with sparse vegetation, becoming not only Penghu, but also Penghu.

From Baisha Island to Fisherman's Island, you have to pass a bridge with a length of 2160m. The bridge flies in the air like a rainbow. This is the famous Penghu Bridge. The bridge deck is 4.6 meters wide, with a backflow lane and 76 piers every 300 meters. It is said to be the longest cross-sea cement steel pipe bridge in the Far East.

Fisherman Island is the second largest island in Penghu Islands, with an area of 16 square kilometers. Because it is located to the west of Penghu, it is also called Xiyu. Whenever the sun sets, the beautiful western regions and the gorgeous rosy clouds and blue sea complement each other, and the scenery is intoxicating. "Sunset on Xiyu" is a famous scenery in Penghu, but the best place to see this scenery is not Xiyu, but Crescent Bay from Magong Guanyin Pavilion to Penghu Fisheries School. Every summer and autumn night, the beaches here are always crowded with tourists.

The "Xiyu Lighthouse" known to navigators stands tall outside Fisherman's Island? In the southwest corner of the village. In the past, ships sailing between Taiwan Province Province and Xiamen often took Fisherman's Island as their sailing target. 1769, an ancient beacon tower was built near Yiziwei. At 1828, it was transformed into a lighthouse and lit at the top of the tower at night. It was named Xiyu Lighthouse, the first lighthouse in Taiwan Province Province. In the first year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1875), it was changed to new equipment. The tower is equipped with 500 candles with fourth-class fixed white lights, and the light can penetrate 15 nautical miles, which not only provides convenience for ships sailing in the Taiwan Province Strait, but also adds luster to the quaint Fisherman's Island.

Penghu sea area is rich in marine biological resources, with nearly 300 species of migratory and benthic fishes, as well as lobsters, shellfish, corals and algae. There are more than 2,800 powered fishing boats and nearly 10,000 fishermen in the county, accounting for more than half of the county's population. The annual catch is about 50,000 tons, of which more than 80% are sold to Taiwan Province Island, Hongkong, Japan and other places, which is the economic pillar of the county. Followed by shallow sea culture, mainly oysters, spotted shrimp and mandarin fish. Almost all industries in the county are related to fisheries, mainly fish processing plants, refrigeration plants, fishing boat repair plants, fishing gear production plants and so on. , accounting for more than half of the county's factories; Followed by coral, aragonite, shells and other handicrafts processing plants, the county's size of about 200 factories, commercial wholesale, retail, catering, entertainment and other service companies and enterprises more than 500.

Penghu County was developed earlier, with many historical sites, special geographical landscape and rich tourism resources. Since the early 1980s, the county began to attach importance to the development of sightseeing. "Fishing in Penghu" has been one of the "eight scenic spots" in Taiwan Province Province since the Qing Dynasty. Penghu Tianhou Palace, Xiyu Fort and Xiyu Donggu are all first-class historical sites in Taiwan Province Province. Others include Guanyin Pavilion, Shuncheng Gate, Confucius Temple and Shigong Temple. Seven beautiful tombs, etc. , as well as Penghu Bridge, bathing beach, Chenggong Reservoir and Xiyu Lighthouse. Sunrise of fruit leaves, ancient banyan of Tongliang, etc. In recent years, the number of tourists to Penghu is above1million every year. 1995, Penghu was officially designated as a "special scenic spot" with a Penghu Tourism Service Center, and sightseeing became the most important industry in Penghu County.

Penghu County's external traffic mainly depends on sea and air, and Magong Port has passenger and cargo transportation routes leading to Kaohsiung Port and Keelung Port in Taiwan Province Province. Magong airport has scheduled and non-scheduled flights to Taipei, Tainan, Chiayi, Kaohsiung and other airports. It is hard to get a ticket from June to August in the tourist season every year, and there are few people at ordinary times. 1970 The sea-crossing bridge connecting Penghu Island, Baisha Island and Xiyu Island will connect the three islands into a whole, which is connected by roads, while other islands are mainly driven by ships. In the case of strong winds and typhoons, the traffic on and off the island is almost paralyzed.

Penghu is a famous fishing port. Here people can see that in the lively auction booth, shopkeepers are selling baskets of fresh fish; On the flat beach, large pieces of dried fish are drying; Fishermen's women on the shore are busy drying nets; There are countless fishing boats moored in the bay ... all this shows that fishing is the main production project here. According to statistics, there are about 30,000 people whose main livelihood is fishing, so it has always been called "Fisherman's Island".

Penghu is famous for its rich pomfret and bonito, as well as mackerel, shark, squid and lobster. Most of the fish caught offshore are shipped to Kaohsiung and Tainan for sale. The fish caught along the coast are not only sold locally, but also processed and salted into dried fish, which are sold all over Taiwan Province Province.

Early autumn is the best season to eat seafood in Penghu. Lobsters here are very famous. They are used to living in the crevices of deep-sea rocks, which are difficult to catch, but delicious. In addition, prawns, nine holes and sea worms are also valuable. The so-called "nine holes" is a local name, which refers to abalone. This kind of fish is a bit like an airplane. It has two rows of round holes that look like airplane windows. In fact, there are more than nine, just called "nine holes". Want to taste fat fish, you can take arowana and Tutuo fish as the top grade, and you can also eat sashimi, fish balls and crabs. In the specialty store in Penghu, you can also buy dried shrimps and various dried fish, seaweed and seaweed cakes.

Penghu is rich in seaweed and seaweed. Cauliflower has a high yield and is the raw material for making freeze-dried powder (commonly known as watercress in Taiwan Province Province). It is collected in February and March every year, and it is busiest in April-June. When food is scarce, local residents will also use cauliflower as a food substitute. Seaweed is a kind of seaweed with special effects, which is the raw material for making "water spinach" and has been a good medicine for children since ancient times. Widely distributed in Magong Port of Penghu and its adjacent waters.

The rich marine resources in Penghu area are due to the winding coastline. Its coastline length per unit land area is about 120 times that of Taiwan Province Island. There are many natural harbors and reefs along the coast, but the water depth in the coastal waters is mostly within 50- 100 meters, and the seabed slope is gentle and the seawater temperature is high, which is suitable for the breeding and habitat of benthic fish. Coupled with good ocean current conditions, it is the intersection of Kuroshio (tributary) warm current, South China Sea monsoon warm current and China coastal cold current. It is an ideal place for cold-water and warm-water plankton to breed, which can meet the needs of fish with different water temperature habits for bait, so it can attract fish to swim back. This is a good natural offshore fishing ground.

Penghu is also rich in corals. Taiwan Province Province is the most important coral producing area in China and even in the world, while Penghu is the richest and best coral in Taiwan Province Province, including white, red and pink.

Coral is the skeleton of coelenterate polyps. Coral individuals are tubular, with holes in the center and tentacles around them, which attach to rocks and secrete calcium. Corals are constantly multiplying, and the corals piled up in the inner layer gradually die because they can't get algae to sustain their lives, and become the skeleton of coral trees, while the living corals are constantly regenerated, forming beautiful coral trees over time. Various corals decorated the seabed into a colorful maze.

Coral in Penghu is a favorite ornament, with excellent texture and smooth and hard color, among which peach coral is the most precious. This kind of coral is pink, light, soft and clean, with even branches, and its color is elegant and charming in natural light. The whole coral is intact and beautiful in appearance, and people often keep it as it is for decoration, which is full of natural beauty.

There are many coral processing plants on Penghu Island, reaching more than 50 in its heyday, and now there are more than 30. According to the shape, size and color of coral, these factories carve flowers, birds, grass, insects, animals, figures and other handicrafts, and some make rings, earrings, corsages, necklaces, beads, cuff links and tie clips.

Since the coral field was opened near Penghu Island on 1923, the coral collection industry in Penghu has developed rapidly. Later, a new coral area was discovered in the shoal of Taiwan Province Province in the southwest of Penghu Islands. So far, the corals produced in Penghu are exported to all parts of the world, which is the export product with the highest economic value among the specialties in Taiwan Province Province. Before 1979, Taiwan Province Province's coral production accounted for about 80% of the world's coral production, and once won the reputation of "Coral Kingdom". However, after long-term over-exploitation, the output has dropped sharply since the late 1980s.

Penghu is far away from the island of Taiwan Province Province, which is geographically and economically different from the cities and counties in the island of Taiwan Province Province. It is an independent economic zone and the smallest and least populated economic zone in the province. The county's economy has always been dominated by fishing. Penghu County has a vast sea area and numerous harbors, and there are dozens of fishing ports in Australia, among which Magong Port is one of the first-class fishing ports in the province.

Magong city, located in the west of Penghu Island, is the administrative, economic and cultural center of Penghu County. The city covers an area of about 34 square kilometers and has a population of about 56,000. Residents are Han nationality, and their native place is Quanzhou, Fujian.

Ma Gongcheng, formerly known as "Ma Palace", was named after the "Mazu Palace" built here by the garrison when the Ming army expelled the Japanese army. During the Japanese occupation, it was renamed Ma Gong on 1920. After the recovery of Taiwan Province, 1946 established Magong City, and 1982 was upgraded to a county-level city.

The earliest street in Magong City is centered on Mazu Palace. A small town was built in the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty and was destroyed in the Sino-French War. It was rebuilt in the 13th year of Guangxu reign (1887), with a circumference of 789.2 feet and a height of 1.5 feet. It has four gates, facing the sea in the southeast, the golden turtle head in the west and the moat in the north. The territory is flat with an average elevation of about 9 meters. Shamao Mountain in China is 45 meters above sea level, which is the highest point in China. Magong city is horseshoe-shaped, with many winding bays along the coast and vast coral reefs and gravel accumulation along the coast.

Magong city is far away from the island of Taiwan Province Province, but as a county magistrate, in terms of institutions, "the sparrow is small, but it has all aspects". In addition to city and county authorities, most provincial institutions have stationed units in Magong. In addition, the armed forces of Taiwan Province Province also have troops stationed in Magong City, and Magong Port is one of the most important naval bases in Taiwan Province Province.

Magong city's economy has always been dominated by fisheries, and the water depth in the surrounding waters is 10-30m. It is a unique and excellent fishing ground, and more than half of the residents in the city are engaged in fishery and aquaculture production. There are 6 fishing ports in the city, of which Magong 1 and No.2 are the first-class fishing ports in Taiwan Province Province, which can berth more than 300 fishing boats. Panshan, Janice, Tupan and Hu Jing are the three types of fishing ports, ranking first in the province and one of the four major fishery production bases in Taiwan Province Province, accounting for about 1/5 of the province's annual fish catch. Magong city's industry is also dominated by fish processing and fishery services. There are more than 100 fish processing plants, refrigeration plants and shipyards in this city.

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Taiwan Province, Fujian, Taiwan Province, Minnan and Taiwan Province Strait.

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Xu Fannick, Silentino, Quan An, fjd0 105

This entry is mentioned in the following entries:

People's Republic of China (PRC), Taiwan Province Province, Kyotaro, Jiangshan Island Landing War, March 26th, Xiamen, Taiwan Province Province Document Handover, 1895, Taiwan Province Strait, Rock Heron, Short-tailed Albatross, Huang, Volcanic Island, treaty of shimonoseki, Penghu County, Cairo Conference, Hong Yongan, Mona? Luodao