The origin of Korean

Before the founding of the Republic of Korea in Seoul, the language was always called "Korean". After the founding of the People's Republic of Korea, due to political reasons such as the name of the country and the confrontation with North Korea, Korean scholars and people changed their language names to "Korean". However, North Koreans, South Koreans and Japanese pro-North Koreans have kept the name "North Koreans". According to the historical custom, the academic circles generally use "Korean" as the name of this language.

In the cultural circle of Chinese characters, China and Viet Nam of the Oriental Group followed North Korea and called it "North Korea", while the Chinese circles in Taiwan Province Province, Hongkong, Macau and Nanyang of the capitalist world followed South Korea and called it "North Korea". With the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and South Korea and the expansion of exchanges between the two sides, the definition of Korean by most Koreans has also begun to change, that is, "Korean" refers to the language used in South Korea, but Korean.

The vast majority of Korean users gather in South Korea and North Korea in East Asia. Korean is not only the national language of these two countries, but also the Korean users of these two countries account for more than 90% of the global Korean users. About two million North Koreans live in Jilin, Heilongjiang and Liaoning provinces in the northeast of China. At present, Korean is one of the two official languages (the other is Chinese) in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, Jilin Province, China. Heilongjiang Province in China and the only provincial Korean radio station in China. In Japan, there are about 700,000 Koreans living for historical reasons. Although Korean is not the official language here, many Korean descendants can speak Korean. In addition, there are about1660 thousand immigrants from South Korea in the United States.

Korean dialects can be divided into six types according to administrative regions. Except for the dialect of Jeju Island, most of the surrounding dialects can be communicated. However, cross-regional dialect communication is very difficult (such as Qingshang dialect in the south and Jing Xian dialect in the north).

Koreans didn't have their own writing until the15th century. They record their language in Chinese characters. After Korean (Korean) was created, Chinese characters gradually faded out of Korean writing life.

The era before the emergence of Korean characters

There are generally four methods of recording: township binding, formula, secretary and official reading.

1446 the preface to "correcting the voice of the people" says: "the voice of the country. Unusual China. It doesn't spread with words. Such a stupid person. Say something. There are many people who can't show their feelings in the end. I'm sorry about that. The new system is twenty-eight characters. I want everyone to learn easily. Convenient for daily use. "

Korean dialects are mainly divided into the following three systems:

Korean: It includes five branches: Gyeonggi-do, Jeolla-do, Gyeongsangdo, Chungcheong-do and Jizhou-do, among which Jizhou dialect is quite different from other dialects. The main feature of southern dialect is that the initial "R" sound of words has changed into "N" and "Y" sounds, and there are a large number of foreign words from Japanese and English.

Korean: Including Ping An, Huanghai, Jing Xian and other branches. Its main feature is that it retains the "R" sound of the prefix and many archaic characters.

Chinese Korean: The Korean language in China is similar to the northern dialect, but it retains more archaic features and more Chinese loanwords than the southern and northern dialects. Phonologically, Koreans in China are used to pronouncing "wae" as "we".

Korean is a cohesive language, which mainly depends on the change of suffix to express grammatical relations, and it is a language with rich expressive force. Grammatical structure is subject-object predicate (SOV).