I want to know about Potosi in Bolivia?

Problem description:

Potosí, Bolivia is the tallest city in the world. Want to know more about the background of this city?

Analysis:

Potosi, southwest border province of Bolivia. It borders Argentina to the south and Chile to the west. Area 1 1.8 million square kilometers. The population is 967,000 (1990). Potosí, the capital. Located in the East Cordillera Mountains and Pune Plateau, with an average elevation of more than 3,700 meters, the surface is rocky. The climate is dry and cold, with an annual average temperature of 10℃ and an annual precipitation of 380mm. Rich in mineral resources, mining is the economic base. 1545, a huge silver mine was discovered in Rico Mountain near Potosi, and it developed into an important silver producing area in the world. From the end of 19 to the present, tin ore is the main mining industry, and lead, zinc, copper, bismuth, gold, silver and tungsten are also mined. A large amount of solid salt has been mined in the Uyuni salt marsh in the west. Agriculture is mainly based on planting grains, potatoes and beans; Pasturing sheep in the mountains. This railway connects Argentina and Chile. (2) the city of southwest Bolivia, the capital of Potous. Located at the foot of Poto Mountain in the eastern part of Bolivia Plateau. It is 4020 meters above sea level, with an annual average temperature of 10℃ and an annual precipitation of 170 mm. It is one of the cities with the least precipitation and the highest altitude in the world. The population is 103000( 1982). 1545, the city was built after the discovery of silver mine in Ruike Mountain. /kloc-in the first half of the 0/7th century, the population reached 6,543.8+0.6 million, making it the largest city in the western hemisphere, with almost half of the world's silver production. After that, it declined because of the depletion of silver ore, and gradually recovered with the massive exploitation of tin. China is an important mining city. There are tin, lead, copper, silver, zinc, magnesium, gold, tungsten, mercury and other mining and smelting industries, as well as food, electrical appliances, furniture, shoes, leather and other factories. Transportation hub, the railway starts from Sucre in the east and ends in Antofagasta, Chile in the west; There is an airport. There are ancient churches, monasteries, museums and universities (built in 1892).

Potosi Silver Capital, located in Potous, southwest Bolivia, was once the most famous silver mine in the world. At its peak, its silver production accounted for half of the world's silver production. 1987 UNESCO listed the silver capital of Potosí as a cultural heritage in the World Heritage List. Potosi is located in the southwest of Bolivia's capital, not far from the southwest of Sucre, with an altitude of 4020 meters. It is one of the highest cities in the world and the largest silver mine in medieval South America. Potosi was just a small village before the Spanish conquered America. 1545, Spanish colonists discovered silver mines and built cities near Cerro Rico, and Potosí developed rapidly. In the 1950s, it was the largest city in Latin America. According to records, there were more than 6,000 silver soil furnaces in Potosí at that time. Due to indiscriminate mining and rough refining, the surface rich minerals quickly dried up and the silver output dropped sharply. Spanish King Philip II urged Governor Fransisco Toledo to take measures to revive Potosi. Toledo adopted the silver ore processing technology used in Mexico at that time. In order to meet the needs of hydraulic pulverizers, Toledo sent many workers to dig 22 artificial lakes in high places to store water. At that time, more than 20 sets of 130 hydraulic pulverizers were installed, which have been well preserved so far. New methods and technologies require a lot of labor. Governor Toledo adopted the traditional "Tami" labor system of the Inca Empire, that is, slaves took turns to serve hard labor, and after a period of time, they could obtain the rights of free people. The production of Potosi silver mine resumed rapidly, and the city became increasingly prosperous again. From 1545 to1the second half of the 7th century,16,000 tons of silver were shipped to Spain. Spain has also established an advanced Royal Mint in Potosi. From17th century to18th century, Potosi's silver production accounted for half of the world's output. Spanish colonists have publicly stated that the silver mined by Potosi can be used to build a transatlantic bridge between Potosi and Spain. ■ Potosi is located in the rich mineral belt of the Andes. Although the silver mine has been exhausted at present, the mining of tin mine has been prosperous. At the beginning of the city, Potosi had only a few small churches and some houses. With the development of the city, the prospect and hope of getting rich easily attract a large number of immigrants. On the one hand, ships loaded with silver are sailing for Spain, and on the other hand, there are waves of immigration boom. Everyone comes with a dream, but only a few people realize their dream of getting rich, and most people are still poor. Wealthy mine owners began to build in Potosí. /kloc-In the second half of the 0/7th century, a new architectural style appeared in Potosz, that is, a mixed style of Indian and Spanish architecture called "Mestizo". The uniqueness of this architectural style is mainly manifested in the so-called "Solomon Column". 169 1 year, the porch of St. Theresa church adopted this architectural form for the first time. 193 1 year St. Fenal's church rebuilt according to the design method at that time is also called "Mestizo". A masterpiece of style. The mining of Potosi silver mine depends on forcing Indians to work and transporting the ore down the mountain with camels. The ore was crushed by a hammer and ground into powder. Then add mercury to extract silver. On the left, you can see the wheel that drives the sledgehammer. The rotation of the wheel depends on the thrust of the water flowing from the water pipe above. The water comes from the reservoir formed by rainwater and snowmelt water. Around 1825, the appearance of the Royal Spanish Mint in the west of Potosí made the Potosí silver mine on the verge of exhaustion, and people in this city fell into panic. The fate of becoming a ghost town hangs over Potosi. Fortunately, people discovered that Potosi's tin mine also has the value of mining, and Potosi's life was extended.