Immigrant era

On 20021May 15, China Tianwen-1 successfully landed in the southern part of Mars Utopia Plain, and China's first Mars exploration mission was a complete success. The pride of China people! The world is shocked!

The history of human exploration of Mars by space probes runs through almost the whole history of human space. Almost at the time when man was able to escape from the gravity of the earth and fly into space, the first Mars probe began its journey. Almost all the earliest probes failed, and the exploration of Mars continued to advance in repeated failures.

The former Soviet Union-the first Mars exploration trip, but failed.

19601June 10, the former Soviet union launched its first probe, the unmanned probe1a, to Mars, which marked the March of mankind to Mars.

Then four days later, the second Mars probe was launched, but neither of the pioneers of the two Mars probes reached Earth orbit. Two years later 1962, when Mars was in the right position again, the third Mars probe of the former Soviet Union was launched, but this time it only reached the orbit around the earth. In the following years, the former Soviet Union launched five more probes one after another, but unfortunately, they either lost contact with the ground or fell into the earth's atmosphere and burned, and ended in vain. Although 1964 one finally arrived near Mars, it failed to send back any data to Earth.

197 1 year, the former Soviet Union sent three probes to Mars again. The third lander of Mars III finally touched Mars, becoming the first probe to successfully land on the surface of Mars in history. Although it only worked on Mars for about 20 seconds, it lost communication with the earth forever and didn't even send back a complete photo.

1973, a year ago, the Soviet Union launched four probes to Mars in one breath, namely Mars 4, 5, 6 and 7. Fortunately, after taking the world's first color photo of Mars, Chang 'e V entered the orbit around Mars and went on strike. The other three are missing.

1 In July 1988, another Mars exploration program of the former Soviet Union launched two probes, Phobos1and Phobos, which still failed. Phobos 1 lost contact on the way to Mars, while Phobos was relatively better, at least after entering the orbit around Mars.

20111654381On October 8th, Russia launched the first Mars probe since the disintegration of the Soviet Union. However, due to the malfunction of the detector, it derailed and crashed together with the "Firefly 1" satellite carrying China.

How can I put it? Vienna has some technologies and solid equipment, but it is still a bit rough in this ultra-high precision. We should try to send a Russian astronaut to Mars before 2025, the Russian leader said. There's not much time left for you. Come on, ollie.

America-the first person to successfully reach Mars.

In the 1960s, the US-Soviet hegemony was in full swing. After seeing the former Soviet Union make a Mars exploration plan, the United States was extremely dissatisfied. 1964, it also launched two probes to Mars, Mariner 3 and Mariner 4. Mariner 3 was launched on February 5, 65438. This is the first Mars probe launched by the United States. But it failed because the detector deviated from the orbit. Mariner 4 was launched on February 28th, 65438. This is the first probe to successfully reach Mars and send back data. Mariner 4 flew over Mars on July 28th, 1965, and sent back 2 1 photos to the earth. Then it flew around the sun for three years to detect the solar wind.

197 1 year, the United States launched two probes to Mars, trying to enter the orbit of Mars and fly around it to get high-definition photos of Mars. On May 8, Mariner 8 was launched and crashed into the Atlantic Ocean a few minutes later due to rocket failure. On May 30th, Mariner 9 was launched, which was the first probe to successfully enter the orbit around Mars and achieved unprecedented success. Mariner 9 arrived in Mars on197114, worked in Mars orbit for nearly a year, sent back 7329 photos, covered more than 80% of the surface of Mars, and detected two satellites of Mars.

1September 1992, the American Mars Observer probe was launched on1September 25, 1992 and began its journey to Mars. Everything seemed to be going well, and then on August 2 1, when Mars was approaching, when it was ready to ignite and enter the orbit of Mars, it lost contact with the earth.

1February 7, 996, the American Mars Global Explorer was launched. The detector continued to run for 10 years, and finally lost signal contact on June 5, 2006. This is one of the most successful Mars exploration missions.

April 7, 2006, 5438+0: The United States launched the Mars probe Odyssey, which is still running in the orbit of Mars, testing the geology and climate of Mars and trying to find signs of life and water on Mars. In 2002, Odyssey discovered that there may be abundant frozen water on the surface and near the surface of Mars, but this issue is controversial at present.

On June/KOOC-0/0, 2003, the American rover "Mars Rover" carrying the rover "Spirit" was launched. In July of the same year, Spirit's twin brother Opportunity was launched.

I have to say that the high-tech technology in the United States is really not built. Although it was captured by the former Soviet Union in the exploration of Mars, the success rate was not a fragment. No wonder in June 5438 +2004 10, their boss, President Bush, announced that he would try to send a man to Mars based on the moon after 2020.

On the afternoon of 20021February 18, the American "Tough" rover successfully landed on Mars, becoming the fifth rover successfully landed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).

The rise of China-latecomers can catch up.

Compared with several western powers, China's Mars exploration project started relatively late. In 20 1 1 year, China launched the first Mars exploration plan and cooperated with the Russian Federal Space Agency to explore Mars. 165438+ On June 8th of that year, China Firefly-1 was launched together with the Russian sampling and returning probe. The next day, Russia announced that the Mars probe failed to enter orbit.

In October, 2065438+200665438+/KLOC-0, China officially established the Mars exploration mission, and plans to launch a Mars exploration satellite around 2020.

On April 24, 2020, China's planetary exploration mission was named "Tian Wen Series", and the first Mars exploration mission was named "Tian Wen No.1". On July 23rd, the Long March-5 launch vehicle was launched from Wenchang Space Launch Site, China, carrying China's first Mars exploration mission "Tian Wen-1".

On March 4th, 2002 1 year, NASA released three high-definition images of Mars, including two black-and-white images and1color image, which were taken by the first Mars exploration mission "Tianwen-1" in China.

On April 24th, 20021year, the first rover in China was named "Zhu Rong".

200211At 7: 00 on May 5, the scientific research team confirmed that Tian Wen-1 landing patrol had successfully landed in the pre-selected landing area in the southern part of Mars Utopia Plain according to the telemetry signal sent back by Zhu Rong, and the first Mars exploration mission in China was a complete success.

Zhu Rong, the name of God, was a fire official in Di Ku, and was later honored as Vulcan in the traditional culture of China. Our first rover was named Zhu Rong, which meant to ignite the spark in Ad Astra, China, and guide mankind to continue to explore and surpass the vast universe.

Why do humans explore Mars? Is it time to immigrate to Mars soon?

1. For Mars, which is most likely to become the second home for human beings to survive in the solar system in the future, the successful detection of it has extremely far-reaching significance for human development.

2. The importance of protecting the natural environment and climate of the earth. Mars is similar to the earth in topography, climate and some natural conditions. Unknown reasons have caused the Martian scene we see today. Exploring the reasons for this change on Mars is of great significance for us to protect the natural environment and climate of the earth.

3. Explore biological fossils. Humans have never given up looking for evidence of life on Mars-biological fossils, which is also one of the most exciting purposes in planetary exploration. If found, it means that life can rise on the planets in the universe as long as conditions permit.

4. The frontier test base for exploring alien life. Scientists believe that Mars exploration will be a test base for many sciences and technologies. By launching various detectors, human beings will study and constantly improve the power, communication, materials and energy systems for exploring outer space, which is of great significance for human beings to step out of the solar system and explore a broader space in the future.

5. Stimulate all kinds of scientific and technological innovation and technological development. Planetary exploration is a huge project, including many technologies, many of which are innovative and need to be verified by experiments. It is a good method to do experiments with this kind of project. If successful, relevant innovative technologies can pass the reliability verification and become our real technologies.

6. Solve the problem of human survival in the future. The reproduction of human beings has brought earth-shaking changes to the earth, and the huge population is constantly consuming various resources on the earth every day. However, the resources on the earth are limited. If we follow the current development trend, one day, the resources on the earth will be completely consumed. It is impossible for human beings to stop the pace of development, but they can only dig deep and explore outward to find some possible ways out.

The wheel of history is rolling in and unstoppable. Either, you stand where you are and be crushed into mud by it; Either, you jump up bravely and go with it.