What's the difference between permanent residents and nationality?

The right of permanent residence is essentially a right, which enables residents who have obtained permanent residence to live permanently in all countries and enjoy the same treatment as nationals of the host countries in many aspects. English for permanent residents is permanent.

Resident, so it is often called PR. Usually, permanent residents are represented by visas. In Australia and New Zealand, a permanent resident visa is usually affixed to the holder's passport, while in the United States and Canada, permanent residents will get a special travel document, which is usually called a green card because it is green in the United States. This is probably the origin of the word green card. In other words, the green card is only applicable to the United States. In Australia and New Zealand, there is no green card, which is usually called permanent resident visa and permit, while in Canada, it is called permanent resident card. Obtaining PR usually does not automatically acquire the nationality of the host country, so it does not automatically acquire dual or multiple nationality for nationals of countries that allow dual or multiple nationality. Similarly, for countries with single nationality, their original nationality will not be lost. Whether it is an immigrant country such as the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand, or a non-immigrant country such as Europe and Japan, the law usually requires permanent residents to meet certain conditions before applying for citizenship of that country, that is, obtaining their nationality. At present, China is a mono-ethnic country. China citizens will not lose their China citizenship after obtaining permanent residency in another country, but they will continue to hold China passports. According to the relevant laws of China, these people are called overseas Chinese. Once permanent residents become citizens of various countries, they will automatically renounce their China citizenship. If they acquire Australian citizenship, they will be called Australian Chinese. This is also the reason why permanent residents need to issue certificates of non-naturalization when applying for passport extension in China's embassies and consulates abroad. Once you become an Australian citizen, you must first give up your Australian citizenship if you want to transfer back to China. China citizens no longer hold China passports after acquiring the nationality of another country, so they usually need a valid Chinese visa to enter China. To return to work, in principle, you need to apply for a work visa. After living in China for a certain number of years and meeting the corresponding conditions, you can apply for permanent residency in China. Generally, permanent residents and citizens enjoy roughly the same rights in all countries. In Australia, some Australian citizens generally enjoy rights, and new permanent residents need to wait for a period of time to enjoy them. In most cases, this waiting period is two years. Two years later, the difference between permanent residents and Australian citizens is mainly reflected in four aspects: first, the right to vote, second, the right to stand for election, third, joining the army, and fourth, being elected as a jury member. These four rights or obligations are not for permanent residents, but for citizens. At the same time, there are some restrictions on permanent residence in social welfare, such as reading loans.

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