The origin, migration and distribution of Gao surname

Gao is a multi-ethnic, multi-source and multi-source ancient surname group, ranking 153 among hundreds of surnames, 19 in the surnames list and 30th in Taiwan Province province, with a population of about14.769 million, accounting for 0.92% of the total population of China. The following is the origin and migration distribution of Gao's surname I compiled for you. I hope you like it!

Exploring the origin of Gao surname

There are four sources.

1, from Jiang. According to legend, Emperor Yan Shennong was born in and took Jiang as his surname. Sun Boyi, 17 Yandi, assisted Dayu in water control, and was named Lu Hou, so his descendants also took Lu as their surname. Jiang Shang, the 37th generation Sun of Boyi, Lv Hou, namely Jiang Taigong, also known as Lu Shang, once helped to destroy Shang Lizhou and was sealed in Qi. Qi passed it on to Sun Wengong and Jiang Chi, the eighth squire, and Wen Gong's second son was sealed in Gaoyi, called Gongzi Gao. According to the aristocratic etiquette of the Zhou Dynasty, his grandson was named Gao Nuo after his ancestors. When Gao Biao was in the state of Qi, he welcomed his son Xiao Bai as the king, that is, Qi Huangong. Become the ancestor of the Gao family in Bohai. The seventh Sun Gaoxi was pushed out by Gong Sunzao and Gong Sunfan in Qi State, and started his career. Sun Gaoliang, the ninth generation of Kochi, was Stuart in the Song Dynasty, and Sun Gaohong, the ninth generation of Kochi 10, was the commander of the Bohai Sea in the Eastern Han Dynasty. As a result, the Gaos in Bohai began to multiply and became the largest Gaos group. Gao Hong's descendants founded the Gao family in Liaodong, and Gao Hong's descendants founded the Gao family in Guangling. The descendants of Bohai Sea are high in rehabilitation, Jing Zhao and Gao Shi. Four of the top five noble families in Gaowu use Bohai high money. Therefore, today's descendants of Gao are mostly descendants of Bohai Gao.

2, with the word Wang Fu as the surname, according to Tongzhi? According to the brief introduction of the genealogy, the son of Qi was named Gongzi Qi, with a high word, and his descendants were Gao and Shandong Gao. In A.D. 10, the son of Qi Huangong and his concubine Second Lieutenant Ji, Qi Huiwang. Qi's son is called Gongzi Qi, with a high word, and his descendants also take Gao as their surname.

3, from other ethnic groups or his surname changed to give surname, minority surname changed to Gao surname. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty carried out reforms and carried out the policy of sinicization. One of the measures is to change the compound surname of the northern Hu people into the single surname of the Han people. During this period, the Xianbei nationality changed its surname from Lou to Gao. According to Wei Shu, some Xianbei people changed their surnames to Gao's, and in the Sixteen Kingdoms period, Emperor Murong Yun of Houyan claimed to be a descendant of Levin (one of the legendary five emperors), so he changed his surnames, and some of his descendants changed their compound surnames to single surnames, calling Gao's, which was Gao's in Hebei. From the Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty to the early years of the Republic of China, there were many cases in which the Manchu surname was changed to the Han surname, and some of them were transliterated from the Manchu surname to the Han surname, and the Gao family was changed to the Gao family.

Gao Longzhi, an important official in the Northern Qi Dynasty, was originally named Xu. His father was the chief of Baishui County in the Northern Wei Dynasty because of his name, and was later adopted by his aunt Gao. Gao Longzhi also changed his surname from his father's surname to Gao. He is an important minister of Beiqi. After he was killed for some reason, the Northern Qi Emperor Yin Gao ordered his brother Gao Ziyuan to inherit the title of king, and Gao Ziyuan's descendants developed in Qixian County, Henan Province and became a local family. In addition, Gao Lishi, the eunuch of the Tang Dynasty, was Feng Ang's great-grandson, whose real name was Feng, and was adopted by Gao Yanfu, so he was promoted.

When Gao established the Beiqi regime, Gao became the national surname of Beiqi, and the emperor of Beiqi named him Gao in order to show his favor. Jing yuan An was awarded the title of Du Xiang Duke of Xihua County by Gao Huan for his meritorious service in Mangshan War. After the establishment of the Beiqi regime, it was named Gao in 550 (the first year of Tianbao). In addition, Yuan Wen Yao was highly valued by Gao Yang and Gao Yan in the Northern Qi Dynasty. In 566 (the second year of Tiantong), the late master Gao Wei gave him a special surname. Their descendants take Gao as their surname.

According to Tongzhi? According to the Clan Profile, Korea, the feudal country on the Korean peninsula, was later renamed Gao. Koguryo was originally an ancient tribe in the Hunjiang River valley in northeast China, which was under the jurisdiction of Xuantu County in Han Dynasty. In 37 BC, Gojumon Ng, the tribal leader, established Koguryo with its capital in Gusheng (now Huanren, Liaoning). Gao's rule in Koguryo lasted for more than 600 years. In AD 3, Koguryo moved its capital to the inner city (now Ji 'an, Jilin), and in 427, it moved its capital from the inner city to Pyongyang. Because the king of Koguryo is Koguryo, during the existence of ancient Koguryo, Koguryo had a high political status. Some of them moved to Chinese mainland. For example, his grandfather Gao E is a branch of Koguryo and a descendant of Levin, so Gao. In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, General Gao Lin, a descendant of Goguryeo, was named the Hou of Juye County, and the five ancestors entered the Northern Wei Dynasty, thus being named the first democracy. Because of Gao Lin's outstanding military exploits, one of his sons was made Duke of Xuchang. The descendants of Gao Lin developed in Juye, Shandong Province and Xuchang, Henan Province. Gao Xianzhi, a general of the Tang Dynasty, was also a Koguryo. When his father raised chickens, he worked as a military attache in the Tang Dynasty. He also went to Anxi with his father and later became a famous military general in the Tang Dynasty. His descendants also settled in Miyun County, Beijing.

4. The compound surname of the two words begins with the word "Gao" and then changes from single surname to high surname. For example: Gaoche, Gaodong, Gaotang, Levin and Gao Ling.

High surname migration distribution

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Gao was mainly active in North China, one of which was the late Warring States Period. After the destruction of Chu State, it passed through the land of wuyue, entered Chu State, and finally reached Hainan. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Gao's footprints have spread all over North China, Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia and the Central Plains. The last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty was the heyday of Gao surname, and the most famous Bohai Gao surname was formed in Shandong. In the Western Jin Dynasty, Gao mainly migrated to the north and northeast. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, due to the demise of the Northern Qi Dynasty, Gao was forced to emigrate to southern Shaanxi and western Shu. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Gao's main activity place was still north of the Yangtze River, but he continued to migrate to Sichuan and Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. During the Five Dynasties, Song and Yuan Dynasties, Gao migrated to all parts of the south of the Yangtze River, especially in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, Gao entered Taiwan.

In Song Dynasty (AD 960- 1279), the population of Gao surname was about 890,000, accounting for 1. 15% of the national population, ranking 15. Anhui is the largest province with high surname, accounting for 15.6% of the total population in China and 3. 1% of the total population in Anhui. The distribution in China is mainly concentrated in Anhui, Hebei, Shaanxi, Henan and Sichuan provinces, among which the high surname accounts for 62% of the total population of the high surname; Secondly, it is distributed in Shanxi, Hubei and Zhejiang, and the high surnames in these three provinces are concentrated in 20%. The whole country is centered on Anhui, Henan, Shaanxi and Hebei, and the distribution zone of high surname is radial to the northeast, northwest and southeast.

During the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1368- 1644), there were about 930,000 Gao surnames, accounting for 1% of the national population, and it was the 19 th surname in the Ming Dynasty. During the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, the net population growth rate was 20%, and the population with high surname basically did not increase, far below the national population growth rate. Over the past 600 years, the net increase rate of the population with middle and high surnames has been 4%, with a net increase of 40,000. Shandong is the largest province with high surname, accounting for 18.8% of the total population of high surname. The distribution in China is mainly concentrated in Shandong, Jiangsu (12.5%) and Zhejiang (12.2%), and the high surnames in these three provinces account for about 44% of the total population of high surnames. Secondly, it is distributed in Shanxi, Jiangxi, Gansu and Hebei, and the high surnames in these four provinces are concentrated at 29%. During the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, the overall distribution pattern of Gao surname changed greatly, and the population mainly migrated from the north to the southeast and northwest, especially to Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Jiangxi. Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Shaanxi and Shanxi have re-formed three regions with large surnames.

At present, the population with high surname has reached14.52 million, which is the first surname in China, accounting for about 1.2 1% of the national population. In the 600 years since the Ming Dynasty, the population of middle and high surnames has surged from 930,000 to 1.45 million, reaching 1.5 times. The average population of the Ming Dynasty was close to 93 million, and the contemporary population was 65.438+0.2 billion, an increase of 654.38+0.3 times. The population growth rate of high surname is higher than that of the whole country, and the population growth rate of high surname is V-shaped in 1000. The distribution in China is mainly concentrated in Shandong, Anhui and Jiangsu provinces, accounting for about 30% of the total population; Secondly, it is distributed in Hubei, Hebei, Henan, Sichuan and Guangdong, with a concentration of 365,438+0% in these five provinces. Shandong is a big province with high surname, accounting for 14.6% of the total population and 2.3% of the total population. Bohai Bay and the eastern coastal areas have formed a high proportion of high surname areas. In the past 600 years, the degree and direction of the migration of the population with the high surname have been very different from those in the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, especially the migration direction from the east to Central China and North China has always been greater than that from the north to the south and east. At the same time, the migration to the southwest and south has become an important flow.

Distribution frequency of contemporary high surnames

The areas with the highest population density per unit area are Shandong, Hebei, Jiangsu, Anhui, northern Zhejiang, eastern Hubei, western Gansu, northeastern provinces and eastern Inner Mongolia, with a population of more than 2.7 per square kilometer, especially in central Shandong, which is as high as 6.4. The schematic diagram of the distribution density of Gao surname (see color diagram 5.2.3A) shows that the density is the highest (2. More than 7 people/square kilometer) accounts for 18 1, and the population with high surname is about 64 10000; The area of 0.9-2.7 people /km2 accounts for 42.2 of the national territory, and the population with high surname is about 710.9 million. The area with less than 0.9 people per square kilometer accounts for 39.7% of the land area, and the population of Gao surname is about 920,000. The high surname is widely distributed, but it is not balanced. The schematic diagram of the distribution frequency of the high surname in the crowd (see color map 5.2.3B) shows that the high surname is one of the more common surnames in North China, Northeast China and Northwest China, and generally accounts for the highest proportion of the local population, above 65,438 0.2%, especially in Hexi Corridor of Gansu, central Shandong, northwestern Shaanxi and northeastern Shanxi and Heilongjiang, above 65,438 0.8%. In Sichuan, most of Hubei, northern Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Fujian, Taiwan Province, eastern Guangdong, eastern Qinghai and northwestern Xinjiang, the frequency of high surnames is 0.6%- 1.2%, and its coverage area accounts for about 30.5% of the country's total area. In other vast areas, the frequency of high surname is less than 0.6%, and its coverage area accounts for about 40.3 of the total area of the country.

Blood group distribution characteristics

The blood type distribution of people with high surname is: O type 4.56 million, accounting for 365.438+0.4%; Type A: 4 1.4 million, accounting for 28.5%; Type B is 4.42 million, accounting for 30.4%; Type AB 1.4 million, accounting for 9.7%. The total population of Gao surname is14.52 million.

Shandong, Hebei, Jiangsu, Anhui, northern Zhejiang, eastern Hubei, western Gansu, northeastern provinces and eastern Inner Mongolia are the areas where the population of the high surname is concentrated, accounting for about 18. 1% of the land area, and the high surname is 64 10000, accounting for about 44.2% of the total population of the high surname. Type o 1.96 million, type a 1.79 million, type b 2.02 million and type AB 640,000.

Sichuan, northern Guizhou, Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia, eastern Qinghai, most of Henan, Hubei, Shanxi, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Inner Mongolia and other regions account for about 42.2% of the country's land area, and the high surname is 7 1.9 million, accounting for about 49.5% of the total population of the high surname. Type o is 2.29 million, type a is 2.08 million, type b is 2 1.4 million and type AB is 680,000.

In other areas, the high surname is less distributed, accounting for about 39.7% of the land area, and there are 920,000 high surnames, accounting for about 6.3% of the total population. Type o 3 10000, type a 270000, type b 260000, type AB 80000.

Number of Tangwang in Gaoxing County

Wang Jun 1

Bohai County: A county was established in the Western Han Dynasty and ruled in Fuyang (now Cangzhou, Hebei). This branch of the Gaos originated from Gaohong, the satrap of Bohai Sea in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Yuyang County: Yan will be expelled from Donghu County during the Warring States Period, located in the southwest of Miyun County, Beijing. Named after the Yang of Fish and Water. Through high concealment and high vision.

Guangling County: Established in the Han Dynasty, it is now located in Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province. This branch of Gao is behind Wu Danyang's satrap Gao Rui.

Henan County: It was changed from Han Dynasty to Sanchuan County in Qin Dynasty, located in Luoyang (now northeast of Luoyang City, Henan Province). This branch of Gao started after Gao of Xianbei nationality.

Liaodong County: During the Warring States Period, Yan was repulsed by the county built by East Lake, and the county was ruled by Xiangping (now Liaoyang City, Liaoning Province). After the eyes are high.

2. Hall number

Hou Yutang: Gao Chai, a disciple of Confucius, was killed in Philadelphia (now a county magistrate). Confucius commented on him: Chai is also stupid? . Zhu Zhu? Is it foolish to know too much? . Cihai: Foolish and simple. So, who are the descendants of Gao? Hou Yu? Because the surname is high.

Bohai Hall: In the Tang Dynasty, Gao Gu and Gao Chongwen were kings of Bohai County; Gao Huan in Northern Qi Dynasty was named King of Bohai Sea.

In addition, the main hall number of Gao surname is:? Yuyang hall? 、? Liaodongtang? 、? Guanglingtang? 、? Henan guild hall? 、? A stepfather? 、? For the later Tang Dynasty? 、? Shuangyutang? 、? Hou Yutang? 、? Newspapers, this hall? 、? Shou Yutang? Wait a minute.

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