What is the fate of the Jiangnan and Jiangbei camps established to annihilate the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom?

Lei Wen Fan Xiao is a master student in the history department of Nanjing Normal University, and a member of the YMCA of Givonu Society.

After the rise of jintian uprising, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom developed rapidly in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. 1After Nanjing changed its capital to Tianjing in the spring of 853, the Qing court increasingly felt the serious threat of the new revolutionary army, so it set up two strongholds outside the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom occupation center to contain and attack the Taiping Army, namely, Jiangnan Camp and Jiangbei Camp. Let's talk about the establishment, development and ending of Jiangnan and Jiangnan camp respectively.

(jintian uprising Site)

In the third year of Xianfeng (1853), in March, the imperial minister Xiang pursued the Taiping Army outside Tianjing, stationed in Xiaolingwei, and established the so-called Jiangnan Camp. Jiangnan Daying built more than 30 independent camps at the foot of the city wall, heavily stationed, equipped with guns and gunpowder, dug a deep ditch 100, and surrounded Tianjing. This battalion echoed the Jiangbei camp outside Yangzhou, besieged Tianjing, and prevented the Taiping Army from moving eastward into Suzhou and Hangzhou.

The two sides haven't seen each other for years. In the sixth year of Xianfeng (1856), in June, Wang Yang and Shi Dakai of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom led more than 400,000 Taiping rebels. After the defeat of the Qing army in Wuchang and Nanjing, 100,000 green camp troops led by Xiang Rong were stationed in the Ming Tombs outside Tianjing. The Qing army lost in World War I, and 100,000 people were almost annihilated. At present, academic research tends to think that the reason for the defeat of the Qing army is that it is not in harmony with the prefect and Chun in the south of the Yangtze River, the generals are not in harmony, and Chun is dissatisfied and unwilling to fight. In August, Xiang Rong suffered another fiasco, and died soon because of his old age and illness. After Xiang Rong's death, the Qing court appointed He Chun as an imperial envoy to take over the military affairs in Jiangnan.

1at the beginning of 858, the Qing army rebuilt a larger Jiangnan camp outside Tianjing. 1In May, 860, Daying was attacked by Li Xiucheng and Chen Yucheng of Taiping Army, and the prefect Zhang fled to Danyang and drowned. He Chun committed suicide in Hushuguan (now Suzhou, Jiangsu). After that, the camp collapsed, the Qing court cancelled the Jiangnan camp, and the Taiping Army seized Danyang, Changzhou, Wuxi, Suzhou and Kunshan Songjiang.

Jiangbei Daying, which echoes Jiangnan Daying from afar, was established in April of the third year of Xianfeng (1853). Qishan, an imperial envoy, and Lei, assistant minister of punishments, pursued the Taiping Army and established Jiangbei Camp near Sanchahe River in Yangzhou. At first, there were more than 10 thousand troops, and then they gradually expanded.

1856, jiangbei camp was attacked by the Taiping rebels' Qin rigang department, and the imperial envoy Toming A was dismissed after the defeat. The Qing government immediately appointed Dexing A as an imperial envoy and regrouped Jiangbei Daying.

On August 1858, 1 1 day, Chen Yucheng, Li Shixian and other departments besieged Wei and rescued Zhao from Luzhou, and the soldiers pointed directly at Jiangbei Daying. The military commander of the Taiping Army thinks that the scattered deployment of the Qing army just gives the Taiping Army an excellent opportunity to break them one by one. The Taiping Army rose to meet the challenge and defeated the Qing army, destroying 3,000 people in World War I. On the 27th, the Taiping Army stormed, defeated Feng Zicai and other 5,000 company commanders, and burned all the camps of the Qing army in Pukou area. The Qing army was in chaos and fled. At this point, Jiangbei Daying was destroyed again, and more than 10,000 soldiers were lost before and after the Qing army. After the fiasco of Jiangbei Daying, the Qing court dismissed Dexing Ajie and decided to cancel the establishment of Jiangbei Daying. Jiangbei military affairs are in charge of Jiangnan Daying commander and Chun.

(The heyday of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom)

After the Taiping Army destroyed the camps in the south and north of the Yangtze River, the regular army of the Qing court had festered and could no longer be used, which laid the groundwork for the rise of Han bureaucrats such as Zeng Guofan and Li Hongzhang and their military forces.

References:

Sheng Yunchang and Li Zichi. Fourteen years of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Beijing: People's Daily Publishing House, 20 13.

Xia Zhengnong, editor-in-chief of Chen Zhili; Xiong Yuezhi et al. The Modern History of China in Dacihai. Shanghai: Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House, 20 13.

A Brief History of China War, edited by Deng Jinlin, Beijing: China Literature and History Publishing House, 20 14.

Personal profile: Lei, a master's student in modern history in China, Nanjing Normal University, president of the Youth Association of Jiwonu Society, editor-in-chief of Jiwonu Society from the media, and librarian of Nanjing Folk War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression Museum. Participated in the interview and data collation of the national social science fund's major project "Rescue and collation of oral historical data of anti-Japanese veterans"

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