On the Peace War between the Western Han Dynasty and Xiongnu

The Huns were very powerful in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty. Since Liu Bang besieged Pingcheng and adopted Lou Jing's pro-family policy, the relationship between Han and Xiongnu has been maintained mainly by marriage and a large number of gifts. But the Huns couldn't keep their agreement. At the beginning of his reign, Emperor Wendi made friends with Xiongnu to strengthen the stability of the Han regime.

In May of the third year of Emperor Wendi (BC 177), Xiongnu Right Wang Xian broke the contract, rode into the fortress and occupied the land of "Henan". Emperor Wendi issued a letter to point out that the invasion of Xiongnu violated the covenant of consanguinity, and sent Guan Ying, the prime minister, to fight back with 80,000 troops and drive away tarquin. Then, Emperor Wendi strengthened his garrison in Chang 'an to defend the capital. In the second year, the Huns came to petition for reconciliation. In the Han dynasty, considering that the Huns were in full swing, Xu, Qin. In the sixth year of Emperor Wendi (BC 174), he wrote a book to Mao Dun Khan, praising his willingness and affinity, but demanding that he keep his word and not break his word.

Soon, modu chanyu died, and his son made porridge, calling himself old Khan. Emperor Wen took the imperial daughter as his wife and gave it to the Huns as Khan E Shi, and sent officials to say that it was sent as an emissary. Kiss again. The Bank of China said it would surrender to the Huns and get advice from Khan's cronies.

In the winter of the 14th year of Emperor Wendi (BC 166), Xiongnu Khan rode into Chaona with a rate of 140,000, killed Wei Sunan, the northern capital, and plundered the livestock of the people. Wendi sent three generals to be stationed in Longxi, Beidi and Shang Jun, and also sent Captain Zhou She as General Wei and Dr. Zhang Wu as General Riding, with100000 cavalry stationed near Chang 'an to guard against the Huns. Emperor Wen personally comforted the army, inspected exercises, affirmed military orders and rewarded soldiers. He wanted to go out with his own troops, but he was discouraged. Therefore, Zhang Xiangru, the Hou of Dongyang, was regarded as a general to conquer and repel the Huns.

Therefore, Korea and Hungary resumed their relations with each other. In June of the second year of Emperor Wen (BC 162), Emperor Wen issued a letter to welcome him. He said in the imperial edict: "The Huns attacked the border and killed more officials and people. ..... How can a country at home and abroad be complacent? ..... Today, Khan's anti-ancient way, the peace of the country, benefits all the people, and the new self abandons the details, the way of integration, the way of brotherhood, and the people of the world. It started this year. " This imperial edict expressed the enthusiasm and efforts of Emperor Wendi who hated war and hoped that the Han and Hungarian peoples could reconcile. This marriage is about "brotherhood" and a friendly peace treaty between the two peoples.

But in the following five years, in the winter of Emperor Wendi's sixth year (BC 158), tens of thousands of Huns rode into Shang Jun and Yunzhong counties to invade. Emperor Wen immediately ordered the general to be stationed in the flying fox, and Su meant that the general was stationed in another sentence. General Zhang Wu was stationed in the north, and the side was also defended by the Huns. In addition, General Zhou Yafu was stationed in Pakistan, General Liu Li was stationed in Pakistan, and General Li Xu was stationed in Ximen to guard against the Huns. After a few months, the Huns retreated, and Emperor Wendi withdrew his troops.

Because Emperor Wen adopted a war and peace attitude towards Xiongnu, he won relative peace on the border. Emperor Wendi then adopted Chao Cuo's suggestion and immigrated to the northern frontier fortress to open up wasteland for farming, thus strengthening the defense force of the frontier reserve.

In June of the seventh year of Yuan Dynasty (BC 157), Wendi died in Weiyang Palace, and his posthumous edict was buried thinly.