In the history of China, how many emperors started from scratch?

There are Liu Bang, Liu Bei and Zhu Yuanzhang.

1, Liu bang

Liu Bang (65438 BC+February 28th, 256 BC-65438 BC+June 65438 BC+0. 095 BC) was born in Li Zhongyang, Fengyi County, Pei County (now Li Zhongyang Street, Fengxian County, Jiangsu Province).

Born in a peasant family, he is generous and does not produce. At the beginning of Qin Dynasty, he was awarded the director of Sishui Pavilion in Pei County, released the prisoners and disappeared in Mangdang Mountain. After the Chen Sheng Uprising, 3,000 children responded, captured Peixian County, claimed to be Peigong, defected to the famous Xiang Liang, served as the governor of the Party and County, sealed the arms, and took command of the military forces of the Party and County.

He led the army into Bashang, accepted the surrender of Zi Ying, the king of Qin, and destroyed Qin. Abolish the harsh laws of the Qin dynasty and buy off the hearts of the people. After the Hongmen banquet, it was named Hanwang, ruling Bashu and Hanzhong.

In the early period of Chu-Han War, there were many defeats and wars. Being able to know people well, be open-minded, attach importance to training, give full play to the talents of his subordinates, actively integrate the forces against Xiang Yu, and finally kill Xiang Yu, the overlord of Chu, win the battle between Chu and Han, and unify the world. That is, it is located in Sishuiyang, Dingtao, with Chang 'an as its capital and the establishment of the Western Han Dynasty.

Han Xin, Peng Yue, Ying Bu, Zangcha and other princes with different surnames were eliminated one after another, and nine princes with the same surname were enfeoffed. Establish rules and regulations, recuperate, and make great efforts to govern. Soldiers return home, exempt from corvee, emphasize agriculture and restrain business, restore social economy and stabilize ruling order. Pacify the people's lives, laid a cultural foundation for the generosity of the Han Dynasty. Pro-Huns, opening the border and closing the city, and actively easing Sino-Hungarian relations.

In BC 195, he was seriously injured when he crusaded against rebellion in Ying Bu. After the establishment of "White Horse Alliance", he died in Chang 'an, posthumous title Gao and was buried in Changling.

2. Liu Bei

Liu Bei (161-June10,223), namely Emperor Zhaolie of the Han Dynasty (reigned 22 1-223), was born in Zhuoxian County (now Zhuozhou City, Hebei Province) at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, after Liu Sheng, King of Zhongshan in the Western Han Dynasty, and during the Three Kingdoms Period. Historians usually call it the late master.

Xiong Liu, Liu Bei's grandfather, was promoted to Lian Xiao and was appointed as an official of the East County. Liu Bei's father, Ricas, died young. Young Liu Bei and his mother made a living by weaving mats and selling shoes, and their lives were very difficult.

When he was a teenager, he worshipped Lu Zhi as a teacher, and later participated in activities such as suppressing the Yellow Scarf Uprising and punishing Dong Zhuo. Because of his limited strength, Liu Bei was repeatedly defeated in the scuffle among princes, so he attached himself to Gongsun Zan, Tao Qian, Cao Cao, Yuan Shao, Liu Biao and other princes.

However, because he always adhered to the code of conduct of serving people with virtue, he was respected by celebrities at home and abroad. Even Tao Qian and Liu Biao gave up letting their sons inherit the inheritance, but chose to hand over their territories Xuzhou and Jingzhou to Liu Bei.

After unremitting efforts, after Battle of Red Cliffs, Liu Bei successively won Jingzhou and Yizhou, and established the Shu-Han regime. Later, because Guan Yu was persecuted, Liu Bei refused to listen to the advice of his ministers and insisted on fighting Wu. The result was defeated by Yiling, and finally Zhangwu died in Baidicheng in 223. At the age of 63, posthumous title Zhaolie was buried in Huiling.

3. Zhu Yuanzhang

Zhu Yuanzhang (1328, 10, 2 1-1398, June 24th), a Chinese native of Haozhou (now Fengyang, Anhui Province), Han nationality, formerly known as Guo Rui, later named Xingzong, joined the army and now named Zhu Yuanzhang.

Zhu Yuanzhang was very poor when he was a child. He used to herd cattle for the landlord. Zheng Zheng entered Huang Jue Temple for four years (1344). At the age of 25, he took part in the Red Scarf Army uprising led by Guo Zixing against the Yuan Dynasty. In the 16th year of Zheng Zheng (1356), Qing Ji Road was captured and changed to Tianfu.

In the twenty-seventh year of Zheng Zheng (1367), Xu Da and Chang Yuchun were ordered to "expel Land Rover and restore China" as a call for the Northern Expedition to overthrow the Yuan Dynasty.

At the beginning of the first year of Hongwu (1368), he proclaimed himself emperor in Yingtianfu, with the title of Daming and the title of Hongwu. The capture of Dadu in the autumn of that year ended the rule of the Yuan Dynasty in the whole country. And pacify the southwest, northwest, Liaodong and other places, and finally unify the whole country.

During Zhu Yuanzhang's reign, he carried out various reforms. Politically, he abolished the Prime Minister and the Ministry of Housing, established the separation of powers among the three departments, further strengthened centralization and severely punished corrupt officials. Military implementation of health center system;

Economically, we will make great efforts to resettle land and army, build water conservancy projects, liberate handmaiden, reduce the tax burden, and send people to inspect fields and households all over the country. Culturally, pay close attention to education, advocate imperial examination, establish imperial academy to train talents; Strengthen overseas exchanges with foreign countries and restore China's suzerain status. Social production gradually recovered and developed, which is known as the rule of Hongwu in history.

In the thirty-first year of Hongwu (1398), Zhu Yuanzhang died at the age of 7 1. The name of the temple is Taizu, and posthumous title opened the heaven to establish the Great Sage to God, Benevolence and Righteousness. Wu Junde succeeded to the throne as the High Emperor and was buried in the Ming Tombs.

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Established system:

1, Western Han Dynasty

The Western Han Dynasty (202 BC-8 February AD +65438) is a unified dynasty in China history after the Qin Dynasty, which lasted 12 emperor and enjoyed the country for 2 10 years, also known as the former Han Dynasty.

At the end of Qin dynasty, the world rose. After the battle between Chu and Han, Liu Bang defeated Xiang Yu. In 202 BC, Liu Bang proclaimed himself emperor in Dingtao, Shandong Province, with the title of Han and Luoyang as his capital. In the same year, he moved the capital to Chang 'an (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi). ?

The Western Han Dynasty inherited the Qin system in many systems. At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, the national policy of less taxes and relaxation was implemented, the social economy recovered rapidly, and agriculture, handicrafts and commerce flourished unprecedentedly, which was called the rule of Wenjing in history. ?

After Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty succeeded to the throne, he carried out the system of promotion, China-Korea, secretariat of history and salt and iron official camp. Strengthen centralization, and admire the Confucian thought of unification.

Externally, it has opened up a vast territory with Korea in the east, Vietnam in the south, Qingling in the west and Yinshan in the north, laying the basic scope of the Han Dynasty. He also sent Zhang Qian to the Western Regions, which opened up the Silk Road to communicate with Eurasia, expanded foreign exchanges and created a prosperous Hanwu.

After Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty succeeded to the throne, Huo Guang assisted in the administration of state affairs, followed the ethnic policy of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty in his later years, and restored the national strength of the Han Dynasty. When Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty proclaimed the Emperor, the Western Regions were formally incorporated into the territory by surrendering the Xiongnu and setting up the Western Regions' capital protection government, and the bureaucracy was reorganized internally, thus creating the rule of filial piety with strong national strength.

In 36 BC, Chen Tang killed Zhi Zhi Khan, marking the end of the Sino-Hungarian War in the Western Han Dynasty. In 8 AD, at the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Wang Mang abolished the emperor and made Chang 'an his capital, which was called the New Dynasty in history and the Western Han Dynasty perished.

2. Shu Han

Shu Han is one of the Three Kingdoms. In 22 1 year, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor in Chengdu, with the title of Han, which was called Shu or in history.

The territory of Shu and Han reaches Wudu and Hanzhong in the north, Wuxia in the east, Baoyun and Guangxi in the south and eastern Myanmar in the west. It occupies the whole province of Yunnan, most of Sichuan and Guizhou provinces, Shaanxi, southern Gansu, northwestern Guangxi, northeastern Myanmar and northwestern Vietnam. It was destroyed by Wei in 263. * * * calendar two emperors, forty-three years.

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the struggle between consorts and eunuchs continued, which made state affairs increasingly corrupt, and then the Yellow Scarf Uprising broke out. Liu Bei entered his official career because he made great achievements in suppressing the peasant uprising.

But not long after, He Jin and Dong Zhuo were defeated, and the world situation gradually turned into a warlord melee. Liu Bei ran around in the melee. After Battle of Red Cliffs recovered all parts of Jingzhou, he advanced to capture Hanzhong and finally established the Shu-Han regime.

Shu and Han dynasties occupied Jingzhou and Yizhou in their heyday. After Guan Yu lost Jingzhou and Liu Bei's Yiling, his national strength was damaged, and then Zhuge Liang restored the national strength of Shu, forcing the southern and central regions to yield, and gained a lot of natural resources such as materials, population, equipment and minerals, and his national strength became strong again.

Militarily, Shu Han often took the initiative, but gradually declined in the later period, and was finally destroyed by the Sima family who controlled Cao Wei.

3. Ming dynasty

The Ming Dynasty (1368- 1644) was a unified dynasty established by the Han nationality, passed down to sixteen emperors and enjoyed the country for 276 years.

The Red Scarf Uprising broke out at the end of Yuan Dynasty, and Zhu Yuanzhang joined the Guo Zixing team. 1364 was called the King of Wu, and in history it was called Xiwu. 1368 proclaimed himself emperor at the beginning of the year, taking Daming as the country name and Yingtianfu as the capital. 1420, Judy moved the capital to Shuntianfu, with Yingtianfu as its capital.

In the early Ming Dynasty, after the rule of Hongwu, Yongle and Ren Xuan, the politics was clear and the national strength was strong. In the middle period, the country turned from prosperity to decline, and was later revived by Hongzhi Zhongxing, Jiajing Zhongxing and Wanli Zhongxing. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, due to the party struggle and natural disasters in Lindong, the national strength declined and the peasant uprising broke out.

1644 Li Zicheng invaded Beijing, Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself, and the Ming Dynasty perished. The Ming imperial clan established Nanming in Jiangnan, and then the Qing Dynasty defeated the regimes of Dashun, Daxi, Nanming Hong Guang, Longwu and Shaowu. 1662, Li Yong was killed and Nanming was destroyed. 1683, Taiwan Province province was captured by the Qing army, and Zheng Ming, the founding father of the Ming Dynasty, fell.

The territory of the Ming Dynasty included the Han Dynasty, and reached the Sea of Japan and the Outer Xing 'an Mountains in the northeast in the early Ming Dynasty, and then fell to the Liaohe River Basin. North to Yinshan, retreat to the Ming Great Wall; West to Hami, Xinjiang, and then back to Jiayuguan; It faces the Bay of Bengal in the southwest and then turns back to today's Yunnan. A detention center was also set up in the Qinghai-Tibet region to recover Annan.

Baidu encyclopedia-Liu Bei

Baidu Encyclopedia-Liu Bang

Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhu Yuanzhang