Excuse me, working graduate students, can they finally write it into the file?

Working graduate students only have degrees, but no academic qualifications. The master's degree obtained is the same as that obtained by a full-time graduate student and is recognized by the country. Of course, the master's degree must be placed on file.

Postgraduate Entrance Examination and Master's Degree Questions and Answers

In terms of choosing a way to continue learning and recharging, academic qualifications and degree education have strong teaching backgrounds, systematic learning systems, and good communication platforms. , authoritative national certificate, widely sought after by people. Especially for those who have already graduated from a bachelor's degree, many of them hope to further their studies and obtain a master's degree. However, many people are confused when it comes to choosing a path for further study. They don't know what a full-time master's degree is, what are the ways to study for a part-time master's degree, why some courses only have degrees but no academic qualifications, etc.

In fact, to put it simply, there is only one way to obtain a nationally recognized master’s degree and degree certificate at the same time, which is to pass the national unified examination in January every year and study full-time in a university; while obtaining a master’s degree certificate is There are three ways, including taking the National Master’s Entrance Examination, the Unified Examination for Master’s Degrees with Equivalent Education, and the Professional Degree Examination.

(1) National Master’s Degree Entrance Examination:

Generally speaking, when it comes to master’s degree exams, what people most easily think of is the National Master’s Degree Entrance Examination that is held in January every year. The master's degree examination generally requires candidates to have a college degree or above. After passing the examination, enrolling, studying full-time, completing credits, and passing thesis defense and other requirements, you can obtain nationally recognized academic certificates and master's degree certificates.

The National Master’s Degree Entrance Examination is also the most watched and competitive way to obtain a master’s degree. The continuous deepening of knowledge structure requirements and the pressure of competition for talents have caused the number of applicants for postgraduate examinations to rise year after year. Although the number of postgraduate students continues to expand, it is still unable to meet the huge demand for applications. According to data, the number of people taking the postgraduate examination in 2005 reached 1.17 million, while the number of students enrolled was only 320,000. The average ratio of applicants to students admitted reached 3.7:1. The admission ratio for some popular majors was even 70:1. The entry threshold is high. Make people look at you.

(2) Professional master's degree education:

Different from national master's degree education that focuses on theory and academic research capabilities, taking the exam first and then studying for a professional master's degree is to cultivate theoretical and It is a way for in-service personnel to apply for a master's degree by integrating innovative application-oriented talents with practice.

There are currently 15 professional master's degrees in China, including Master of Business Administration (MBA), Master of Public Administration (MPA), Master of Engineering, Master of Laws (J.M), and There are 3 professional degrees: Master of Accountancy (MPACC), Master of Public Health (MPH), Master of Agricultural Extension, Master of Veterinary Medicine, Master of Education, Master of Arts, Master of Physical Education, and Master of Landscape Architecture. Registration conditions:

The most important feature of the admissions conditions for professional degrees is that applicants are required to have a certain number of years of work experience, generally requiring a bachelor's degree, and some majors also require a bachelor's degree. Most professional degrees require that in-service personnel apply for approval from their unit or corresponding management department, and some also require recommendations from their unit. Examination method:

The professional master's examination includes a written examination and an interview. The written test is usually held in October every year, called the "National Joint Examination for In-Service Personnel to Study for a Master's Degree", referred to as the "Joint Examination". The registration time is generally July-August each year. The cutoffs for many professional degrees are independently determined by the admissions units. Determined. The subjects of the joint examination are different depending on the major. The admissions unit will also conduct tests on professional skills and knowledge. The interview content is divided into two types: professional course interview and political theory interview.

In addition to the joint entrance examination, in order to encourage the development of the software industry in the master's degree of engineering, the 35 model software colleges approved by the Ministry of Education can independently propose and enroll students for the master's degree in software engineering. Many colleges offer software engineering master's programs twice a year, in spring and fall.

It should be noted that the professional degrees of MBA, Master of Laws, Master of Clinical Medicine, and Master of Architecture are divided into two types: the joint examination in October and the unified examination in January. The October exam is mainly for working people, while the January exam is mostly for fresh graduates.

Obtaining a certificate:

Professional degree education only awards degree certificates, not academic certificates. The degree certificate obtained is the same as the degree certificate taken in the national unified examination in January, and students can continue to study for a doctoral degree. Only students who participate in the National Graduate Entrance Examination organized in January will have both a graduation certificate and a degree certificate.

(3) Examination for postgraduate students with equivalent academic qualifications:

The unified examination for postgraduate students with equivalent academic qualifications is what we often call the application for a master's degree with equivalent academic qualifications. This is also the least understood and most misunderstood way to obtain a master's degree. Many people don't even understand the concept of applying for a master's degree on the job. Some people simply think that "taking this exam is boring." As an important part of our country's continuing education, in-service personnel applying for master's degree examinations with equivalent academic qualifications have not received the attention they deserve, and have even been left out in the cold by candidates. Because of this, some people in the industry call it a "neglected treasure."

Yu Huizi from the Shanghai Teaching Center for In-service Masters of Renmin University of China commented on the equivalent master’s degree examination: Currently, it is one of the most suitable ways for in-service personnel to further their studies in China.

The original purpose of the equivalent master's degree is to provide graduate students with academic or professional skills that have reached the same level as the graduates in the degree major they are applying for, in addition to the current channels for awarding degrees to graduate students. A kind of recognition from people. Applying for a master's degree on the job provides opportunities for working people to improve their self-knowledge structure and broaden their horizons. Compared with postgraduate examinations, going abroad, etc., it greatly reduces the opportunity cost.

Since 1999, postgraduate students with equivalent academic qualifications have begun to conduct unified examinations on foreign language proficiency and comprehensive subject proficiency across the country. The examinations are conducted in May every year.

Over-reliance on academic qualifications has become a choice concern:

Although it is more practical and convenient, many people still have concerns about applying for a master's degree with equivalent academic qualifications when choosing to continue education. doubt. Part of this comes from misinterpretation of academic qualifications. It is believed that only obtaining a degree certificate is not as valuable and secure as dual certificates, which has formed a certain obstacle to the development of the master's degree examination with equivalent academic qualifications, and also makes the master's degree examination in January every year become a single-plank bridge for thousands of troops to cross. Data show that in 2005, more than 1.1 million people applied for master's degrees, while fewer than 30,000 applied for master's degrees with equivalent qualifications.

The so-called academic qualifications are the recognition that a student has received education in school within a certain period of time. It only represents the learning experience and only proves the time and process of a person's learning, but cannot prove his or her academic theory. His academic level and research level cannot represent his learning ability. A degree is the recognition of someone's academic research ability and the recognition that the person's knowledge has reached a certain level, representing the level and level of learning. Teacher Yu Huizi said: For education below university, the existence of academic qualifications has a certain meaning, but for higher-level master's education that focuses on academic research capabilities, the degree itself is more convincing than the academic qualifications, and the value of the degree exceeds Educational qualifications.

From the perspective of market recognition, for people working in government agencies, institutions or state-owned enterprises, dual certificates have a competitive advantage over single certificates. However, there is not much difference between foreign-funded enterprises and private enterprises. The key lies in personal ability and professional background. A master's degree certificate only serves as a stepping stone. A master's degree certificate without a graduate diploma is not convincing.

However, judging from the development trend of foreign education, more and more employers and individual candidates are bound to pay more and more attention to degree certificates that represent personal ability levels, downplaying the role of academic certificates. From the perspective of foreign education systems, most countries use degree certificates without graduation certificates. Degree certificates obtained by in-service personnel, study abroad, immigration and domestic Ph.D. examinations are all recognized by the state.

Due to historical reasons, there has always been a blind emphasis on and worship of academic education in China, which in fact reverses the importance of the two certificates. In the early 1990s, the number of students who could receive a college education was very small. Therefore, when society measured the ability of talents, whether they had a college degree was often regarded as an important criterion. But nowadays, more and more students have higher education experience, and society no longer has to worry about the difference in academic qualifications of talents. Many companies have begun to change their concepts when hiring people, and do not pay too much attention to the academic qualifications of job seekers, but pay more attention to them. Pay attention to its actual ability.

In addition, there is a big difference between education at the master's level and above and undergraduate education. The form of education is more free and practical. Therefore, master's degrees abroad only have a degree but no diploma. A person who has the ability to complete a master's degree shows that his personal quality has reached a certain level. His academic research ability becomes the key to the problem, so the degree certificate becomes even more important.

From another perspective, there is no substantial difference in value and use between the master's degree certificate and the master's degree obtained by full-time graduate students: if the candidate wants to continue to take the doctoral examination, according to the relevant national Policy, there is no difference between the two; if students want to take the National Civil Service Examination, there is no difference between the two; and if the candidates want to continue studying abroad, then having a degree certificate is enough, because foreign universities also have There is no academic certificate, so students will naturally not be asked to provide such proof during the review.

What is a postgraduate training class:

Many people are not sure what the postgraduate training class is and what its relationship is with applying for a master's degree with equivalent academic qualifications. In this regard, we can understand that the postgraduate training class is the main bridge to take the master's degree examination with equivalent academic qualifications and obtain a master's degree with equivalent academic qualifications. A form of education in which on-the-job personnel receive more systematic basic theory, professional knowledge and ability training. It is not a level of academic education and is not linked to the academic qualifications and degrees of graduate education. Courses are provided by each unit according to its own professional settings. From the perspective of curriculum and teachers, applying for a master's degree with equivalent academic qualifications is no different from the national master's degree education. Each school follows the training plan for master's students in the corresponding major, taking into account the characteristics of on-the-job education, and is discussed and formulated by the degree subcommittee of the relevant department. The identified courses cover the comprehensive examination subjects for applying for a master's degree with equivalent academic qualifications, which will help students take the national unified examination for applying for a master's degree with equivalent academic qualifications after completing all postgraduate courses. From the perspective of teaching methods and training directions, applying for a master's degree with equivalent academic qualifications pays more attention to theory. Combining it with practice to create application-oriented senior talents. On the one hand, working people can systematically study postgraduate courses and obtain a master's degree; on the other hand, since classmates are all career elites with several years of experience, they can learn from each other and expand their network of contacts, which is similar to the role of an MBA. Postgraduate courses generally end in one and a half years. At the end of the course, a certificate of completion will be issued, indicating that the student has achieved equivalent academic qualifications as a graduate student.

The prerequisite for applying for a master's degree with the same academic qualifications is to have the same academic and ability. However, self-study and summary based only on practice can easily lead to unsystematic course learning and blind spots, and the theoretical foundation is relatively weak. The passing rate for taking the unified examination is also not high. It is out of this consideration that the school holds postgraduate training courses to provide students with knowledge sorting, introduce the latest cutting-edge research results, and provide targeted guidance on test points to enable them to reach the required academic and technical level.

There are currently many postgraduate training courses in the society. When registering, readers must ask clearly whether they need to take the national unified examination for foreign language proficiency and comprehensive subject level for those with equivalent academic qualifications to apply for a master's degree. Some postgraduate courses are not set up to help working people apply for master's degrees, but are only set up to improve students' abilities and levels.

Concerns about the "gold content" of postgraduate courses:

For a long time, Chinese students have received education by taking entrance exams, and are used to judging whether there is an entrance exam. The "gold content" of a form of education is measured by its degree of difficulty. Therefore, we are skeptical about on-the-job postgraduate courses that can be attended without taking an entrance exam. But in fact, the background of teachers and the quality of teaching are the key to measuring the success of an education form. In addition, not setting an entrance examination does not mean that there is no examination or no threshold. Applicants for a degree also need to take the school's examination and the national unified examination.

The postgraduate training courses attended by part-time master's students are all universities with corresponding qualifications and strong teachers, and the teaching methods provided are the same as those of full-time master's students. At the same time, being able to pass the national unified academic qualification examination also illustrates the value of on-the-job master's degree education.

The lack of full-time study time is also one of the reasons why many people prefer to choose the postgraduate entrance examination as a way to add value.

They may consider that this timing does not guarantee quality learning. However, working students have their own characteristics. They generally have many years of work experience and have a deeper understanding of practical problems. Therefore, for them, they can truly integrate theory with practice in their own positions, and at the same time, they can save a lot of time.

Why do in-service graduate students with equivalent academic qualifications have no academic certificates but only degree certificates?

Graduate education is divided into two types: academic education and non-academic education. Non-academic education is the responsibility of the Academic Degrees Committee Office of the State Council. After graduation, students only have degree certificates but no academic certificates. The postgraduate enrollment of the Department of College Students of the Ministry of Education belongs to academic education, which means that after students study, take exams, and pass thesis defense, they will have both a degree certificate and an academic certificate. Those who obtain a bachelor's degree certificate must first obtain a university undergraduate diploma, while those who obtain a master's degree or doctoral degree certificate may not necessarily obtain a master's degree or doctoral degree diploma.

What is graduate school equivalent?

After graduating from an undergraduate program and obtaining a bachelor's degree, through various learning channels in the workplace, the structure and level of one's professional knowledge and thesis can reach the level of graduate graduation. This is called the equivalent academic qualifications of graduate students.

What is applying for a master’s degree with equivalent academic qualifications?

According to the "Regulations of the People's Republic of China and the State on Academic Degrees", persons with academic qualifications equivalent to postgraduate graduation can be awarded master's and doctoral degrees in accordance with the "Degrees Committee of the State Council on awarding master's and doctoral degrees to persons with academic qualifications equivalent to graduate graduation". According to the requirements and methods of the "Regulations", apply to the degree-granting unit. Granting a master's degree to persons with equivalent academic qualifications is a channel opened by the state for persons with equivalent academic qualifications to obtain degrees. This can play a positive role in improving the professional quality of in-service personnel and building a cadre team. Applicants who have passed all examinations organized by the degree-granting unit and the state, and passed the dissertation defense, and have reached the academic level of a master's degree after review, can obtain a master's degree.

Five conditions for applying for a master's degree with equivalent academic qualifications:

Generally speaking, applicants with equivalent academic qualifications generally need to meet 5 conditions:

■ Applicants have obtained a bachelor's degree More than 3 years of work experience after degree.

■Pass the qualification review of the degree-granting unit.

■Pass the course examination organized by the degree-granting unit. Generally, the school will arrange 14-18 courses. Each course must be completed with full credits and passed the examination. (That is, the course examination of the training class). Registration time for postgraduate training courses: Generally, registration is available throughout the year, and the specific time is different for each school.

■It is most critical to pass the national unified examination of foreign language proficiency and comprehensive subject level for those with equivalent academic qualifications to apply for a master's degree. The annual passing rate of the national unified examination is only 30%. The state organizes the exam once a year, and the exam takes place on the last Sunday in May each year, with a foreign language test in the morning and a comprehensive exam in the afternoon. The qualifying score for each course is 60 points; registration and examination time: usually in March, and the examination time is at the end of May. Applicants must pass all course examinations of the degree-granting unit and proficiency examinations organized by the state within 4 years from the date of passing the qualification review. Otherwise, this application will be invalid.

■Complete the thesis within one year after passing all examinations. If the thesis defense fails, the application will be invalid. However, if the thesis defense committee recommends revising the thesis before re-defending it, you can re-defend it once within half a year to one year. If you have not passed the defense or have not applied after the deadline, the application will be invalid. In addition, academic papers need to be published in a national magazine with a unified number. This is still a mandatory requirement in most colleges and universities, but judging from future development, the requirement for applicants to publish academic articles will gradually be eliminated.

There is no difference between a master's degree obtained by applying for a master's degree with equivalent academic qualifications and a degree obtained by a graduate student. However, according to regulations, those who apply for a master's degree with equivalent academic qualifications as a graduate graduate must have their degree certificates separately numbered.

Competition among three paths:

From the perspective of curriculum and teachers, it is no different from the master's degree exams in January; from the perspective of teaching methods and directions, applicants with the same academic ability The master's degree focuses more on the combination of theory and practice, which meets the actual needs of on-the-job master's students. Judging from the certificate acquisition situation, the master's degree entrance examination held in January requires dual certificates. Master's degree applicants with the same academic ability only require a degree certificate, and a single certificate is required. From the perspective of time arrangement, master's students who take the exam in January are basically taught full-time, while those who apply for a master's degree with the same academic qualifications have more flexible teaching times and are suitable for working people. Although in terms of the total amount of study time, the number of class hours required to apply for a master's degree with the same academic level has been reduced, since the students themselves already have considerable practical experience, the quality of learning will not be affected.

From the application requirements, in addition to a bachelor's degree and certain work experience, applicants for a master's degree with equivalent academic qualifications must also have a bachelor's degree, while a professional master's degree requires applicants to have a bachelor's degree. Not all A professional master's degree has certain requirements for a bachelor's degree, that is, there are no hard and fast requirements for the degree. Moreover, for some professional master's degrees, 10% of the places are given to outstanding college graduates who have worked for a certain number of years. Secondly, applying for a master's degree with equivalent academic qualifications involves a wide range of majors, while the current national professional master's degree examination only involves a dozen majors. From the perspective of training targets, the examinations for applying for a master's degree and a professional master's degree with equivalent academic qualifications are aimed at in-service personnel who have certain work experience and want to further their studies. They are all part of continuing education, and the education methods are also biased towards part-time education.

Another: Individual examination:

The number of people who can apply for this type of examination is very small. The reason is that the number of admissions institutions approved by the Ministry of Education to conduct independent examinations is limited, and each The school's enrollment is also very small, and the conditions and requirements for application are relatively strict.

Application conditions and requirements: Applicants must have a bachelor's degree and have worked continuously in this major or a similar major for 4 years. They can take the independent examination after being recommended by the unit and two experts with senior professional and technical positions. Candidates who take the individual examination are generally limited to in-service personnel recommended by the employer for targeted training or entrusted training by the unit, and will return to work in the original unit after graduation.

Examination method: This type of examination adopts the method of independent proposition and independent marking by the admissions unit.

Certificate: Those who graduate and pass the thesis defense can obtain a master's degree diploma and a master's degree certificate issued by the state

Tips for choosing a major and school:

According to the major, when choosing a school, applicants should not simply look at whether the school is a famous school, but whether the school is the strongest in the country for the major you choose.

In addition, it is best to choose a major that is relevant to the job you are doing. Since the thesis writing requirements for in-service graduate students are different from the requirements for students taking the national unified examination in January, candidates must be combined with their own work and be able to solve practical problems at work. In order to facilitate the smooth progress of the thesis in the future, it is recommended that applicants choose a major related to the work they are engaged in, so that work and study can complement each other.

About the Chinese and Foreign Postgraduate Courses:

Applicants must check clearly when registering whether the foreign university has been recognized by the Ministry of Education. There are currently some Sino-foreign cooperative postgraduate education programs on the market. Many of the foreign universities that cooperate are third- and fourth-rate schools and are not recognized by the Ministry of Education. Therefore, foreign master's degrees obtained when encountering practical problems such as pursuing a doctoral degree or being promoted to a professional title. , the unit does not recognize it.