The flow of Goguryeo people

For a long time, the people of Goguryeo (gōu) Ry (lí) and the people of Goguryeo (gōu) Ry (lí) have been lumped together, and it is believed that all people in Goguryeo are Goguryeo people. This is wrong.

Goguryeo, like the whole of China, was a multi-ethnic country, ruling the Mohe, Bian, Han and other ethnic groups. They were not all integrated into Goguryeo at that time. After the death of Goguryeo, they appeared alone in history. Therefore, the population of Goguryeo is not equal to the population of Goguryeo.

The "Old Tang Book Goryeo Biography" records that Goguryeo (lí) had 697,000 households when the country fell, and there should be a large number of non-Goguryeo people among them.

We can see this record in Volume 196 of "Zi Zhi Tong Jian": At that time, Chen Dade, an official of the Tang Dynasty, went to Goguryeo as an envoy. He "went everywhere and often met Chinese people. He said, "My home is in a certain county. At the end of the Sui Dynasty, he joined the army and disappeared in Goryeo. The Goryeo wife became a wandering daughter and lived with Goryeo, almost half of them." Note that "he went everywhere and often saw Chinese people", and the number of people was "almost half of them." That's why it is said. The proportion of Han people in Goguryeo was close to half of its population.

After the fall of Goguryeo, the flow of its ethnic group mainly included four aspects: "New Book of Tang Dynasty·Biography of Goguryeo" "With the imperial edict, he conquered the Liao Dynasty. , The people of the two states are covered and returned. Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty moved 60,000 households and 300,000 people to the Central Plains (not all of whom were from Gaoguli). "

After the Tang Dynasty destroyed Goryeo, "New Book of Tang·Biography of Goryeo" records: "In the second year of the General Chapter, 30,000 Goryeo followers were sent to Jianghuai and Shannan." "In the second year of Yifeng, he was awarded the title of Governor of Liaodong and the title The king of Korea returned to Liaodong to pacify the remnants of the people. He sent all the overseas Chinese in Neizhou to their original places and moved them to the Andong Governor's Office in Xincheng. Zang and Mohe conspired to rebel, but before they could take action, he summoned them back to Gongzhou and released his people to the river. Mu, Longyou, those who are weak will stay in Andong. "Etc.: These people who moved to the Central Plains accounted for about a quarter of the total number of Goryeo people, and later they were integrated into the Han people. Today, Gaoguli can also be found in the surnames of Gao, Li, Wang, Quan (quan) of the Han people

The Quan'aomu Cemetery and Gaoci Cemetery in Luoyang County, Henan Prefecture can prove that they were integrated into the Han nationality. There were fewer and fewer people in the east, and they were divided into Turks and Mohe. "

Volume 964 of "Cefu Yuangui" contains: "In the third year of Kaiyuan of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Goryeo, Tuhun and other good people surrendered to the arrogant son of heaven. After the end of Hu Yun, there were loyal ministers in the country, and the Han Dynasty granted him the title. The king of Goryeo, Mo Lizhi, Gao Wenjian, the governor Yuedidasi Tai, and the great governor of Yehun, Murong Daonu——". Wenjian, a nobleman of Liaohai, was granted the title of King of Liaoxi County, with a settlement of 3,000 households. He was given a room, four horses, and six hundred items.

Volume 974 of "Cefu Yuangui" contains: "On the first day of the first month of the seventh year of Kaiyuan, the wife of Gao Wenjian, the king of Liaoxi, was granted the title of Ashina. Mrs. Wen Jian, the chief of Dongchu County, leads the people to me, so she is my favorite. "Where this Goryeo came from is not clearly recorded, but it was newly surrendered to the Tang Dynasty. Judging from the fact that his wife and those who surrendered with him were the governors of the Turks, this should be a Gaoguli people who originally entered the Turks, and now surrendered to the Tang Dynasty. In western Liaoning, they later entered the Han ethnic group. The genealogy of the Gao family in Gaolifang, Anshan, proves that this group of people merged into the Han ethnic group and entered the Bohai Sea. >

"New Book of Tang·Biography of Bohai" contains "Long live the sky. Qi Yue loyally killed Zhao Hufan, the governor of Yingzhou. There were those who were begging for relics and elephants. They went eastward with Chief Mohe begging for four feathers and the remaining species of Korea. They protected the northeast of Taibai Mountain and blocked the tree wall of Aoluo River. Because of this... Zha Rong Because of Korea. Mohe soldiers refused to attack Kaigu. "

"Old Tang Book·Bohai Biography": "The embers of Goryeo returned a little bit."

From the above three flows, it can be seen that after the fall of Goguryeo, its people lived in different places. Those who directly or indirectly integrated into the Han people during this period accounted for the vast majority of the total population. The Gaoguli nation ceased to exist around the Liao and Jin Dynasties, and became a part of the Chinese nation today. Zongyi of the Yuan Dynasty records that there are eight types of Han people in the "Records of Stopping Farming in Nancun", including Goryeo, Bohai, Khitan, Jurchen, etc., indicating that they have been integrated into one nation and only have temporary memories of their origins. "Tongdian" 186. "After that, the remaining people could not protect themselves and scattered to Silla, Mohe. "There is no clear number of people.

"Historical Records of the Three Kingdoms·Silla Dynasty 6" records: "Gogu Li's noble minister Yuan Jingtu (Gaisu Wendi) came to vote with 12 cities, 736 households, and 3543 mouths." "Historical Records of the Three Kingdoms·Kogu" "Libenji 10" records: "In the second month of the second year of the General Chapter, the king's concubine Ansheng led more than 4,000 households to join Silla." The total of the two households was less than 5,000.

Volume 8 of "Historical Records of the Three Kingdoms" states: "In the 34th year of King Seungdeok's reign, he granted the land south of the Ba River." Since then, Silla has occupied the land south of the Daedong River in Goryeo. The few remaining Koreans here should enter Silla. But not many.

It can be seen from the above that very few Koguryo people entered Silla, and they only accounted for a very small part of the Koguryo tribe. According to the fact that there are very few surnames in Korea today with the surname Goguryeo, it can be seen that very few people have integrated into it.