The indigenous people of the Americas were

Question 1: The indigenous people of the Americas are Answer A

Analysis: This question tests students’ memory ability of basic knowledge. It should be recognized that the earliest inhabitants of the Americas were Indians. Before the European colonists came to the Americas at the end of the 4th century, the Indians had been living here for generations and created a splendid culture.

Question 2: Who are the Native Americans and what race do they belong to? Indians, yellow people, the oldest inhabitants of the Americas. It is said that they migrated from Asia through the Bering Strait 15,000-25,000 years ago and were distributed in North and South America. In the extreme north there are the Eskimos and Aleuts; in North America there are the Athabascans, Algonquins, Iroquois, Sioux and Muskogee; in Central America there are the Aztecs Turks, Mayans, Caribs, Chibchas, etc.; South America has Incas, Guaranís and Arawgans, etc. The language belongs to the Indian language family. They were the first to cultivate crops such as corn, potatoes, sunflowers, cotton, and cinchona trees, making their contribution to mankind. Before the 16th century, most of them were still in the matrilineal clan stage, while a few, like the Mayans, Aztecs and Incas, had formed early slave-owning countries and had quite high cultures. Beginning in the 16th century, it was devastated and killed by European colonists. Its development was interrupted and its population declined. There are now more than 32 million people. Mainly engaged in agriculture. There are approximately 800,000 people left in North America, most of whom have been driven into reservations and live a difficult life. In Central and South America, they are generally discriminated against and assimilated by the rulers of the host countries.

Question 3: Regarding the inhabitants of the Americas, which statement is wrong (　) A. The indigenous inhabitants of the Americas, the Inuit and the Indians, are all yellow races B. The black people in the Americas are North American residents who mainly use English, and Latin American residents who mainly use Portuguese and Spanish. The statement of option ABC is correct and does not meet the meaning of the question. Therefore choose: D.

Question 4: The earliest indigenous people living in Latin America were the Americans. The Americas are geographically divided into South and North America. Except for the Eskimos in the Arctic, the rest are collectively called Indians. When Columbus sailed When I arrived in America, I mistakenly thought that I was seeing India and Indians. I used the wrong name but stuck to it. Customarily, the part south of the United States is also called Latin America (Latin America), named after the Latin Portuguese and Spanish colonial rule. The terrain of Latin America is complex. The northern region is basically the Mexican plateau. The Isthmus of Panama in the mountains of Central America is only 48 kilometers wide. The West Indies are also mainly mountainous. The Andes Mountains stand in the west of South America. To the east of the Andes, plains and plateaus alternate. From north to south are the Orinoco Plain, Guyana Plateau, Amazon Plain, Brazilian Plateau, La Plata Plain, and Patagonia Plateau. Before the Age of Discovery, ancient American civilizations were mainly concentrated in Latin America. The United States and Canada in North America, as well as Brazil in Latin America, were still in the primitive tribal stage until the arrival of European colonists.

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Question 5: Why was the evil slave trade not included in the fact that the Native American Indians were almost wiped out? The reason for the rapid decline in the Indian population is that before the new sea route was opened, the total population of American Indians was about 40 million. However, in the 100 years after the new sea route was opened, the Indian population decreased by 90%-95%. The population in the Caribbean and tropical coastal areas The Indians were nearly extinct. There are only some areas with harsh natural conditions where relatively many Indians have survived. The reason for this situation is definitely the result of the European invasion of the Americas. The specific reasons can be analyzed from the following five aspects.

First, European colonists directly and indirectly massacred Indians in large numbers after their invasion. European colonists used massacre to repay the Indians who had warmly entertained them. They massacred the Indians in two ways: one was to exploit the conflicts between different tribes of Indians and provoke wars between them; the other was to use direct violence. The war slaughtered the Indians who were extremely backward in force. When Hernando Cortez, a Spanish nobleman, went on an expedition to the Aztec Empire and was unable to attack the Aztec Empire with force, he reached an agreement with other Indian tribes who were enemies of the Aztec Empire. On the one hand, it received material support from the tribe, and on the other hand, it received military support from the tribe. European colonies in the Americas were established after conquering the native inhabitants of the colonies by force. Almost all of America became a colony of Western countries.

Second, the plague brought by European colonists caused a large number of deaths among Indians. When Europeans came to the Americas, they unintentionally brought some European plagues such as smallpox, measles, influenza, typhus, plague, etc. to the Americas, dealing a fatal blow to the Indians who had no immunity to these plagues. When Hernando Cortez of Spain went on an expedition against the Aztec Empire, due to the disparity in strength between the two sides, Hernando Cortés attacked Tenochtlán, the capital of the Aztec Empire. Under the stubborn resistance of the Turks, their strength was severely weakened and they fled in panic. However, the Aztec Empire did not fight back and pursue them. The reason was that when the Aztecs expelled Cotes from the capital, Cotes and the others brought them with them. Smallpox spread in the Aztec capital, killing half of the Aztec population and killing their emperor. The Aztecs were unable to counterattack the Spanish, giving them a chance to breathe and counterattack. In the end, the entire Aztec Empire was conquered by Cotes' team of more than 100 people. In 1532, Pizarro led 168 people to attack the Inca Empire. After smallpox spread and took away a large number of the Inca Empire's population, Pizarro conquered the Inca Empire. The famous British historian Tombine said: "If smallpox is the disease that took the life of the Inca Emperor Huayna Capac, then these viruses were the naked eyes of the few invaders led by Pizarro to invade South America. The invisible pioneer. "To a certain extent, these plagues wiped out a large number of indigenous people in the Americas. The direct loss of Indian lives by war is incomparable to the plague. French historian Braudel clearly pointed out in his article "Material Civilization Economy and Capitalism from the 16th to the 18th Centuries" that "it is absolutely certain that after the conquest of Europe by Europe, the population of the Americas dropped significantly, perhaps less than ten The house was empty.” He believed that it was the plague that dealt the fatal blow to the Native Americans. There are many similar examples. Shortly after the British immigrated to Sydney in 1788, Australia's indigenous residents suffered a disaster. This is another typical example.

Third, after the colonists conquered the colonies, they forced the Indians to perform high-intensity labor and oppressed many Indians to death. European colonists, especially the two feudal empires of Spain and Portugal, established a large number of feudal manors and opened many mines. They used Indians, and the large amount of high-intensity labor caused many Indians to be oppressed and died.

Fourth, the huge psychological damage caused to the Indians by being conquered is also one of the important reasons for the decrease. Many Indian tribes faced the massive reduction in population caused by the advanced weapons of European colonists and plague, and their cultural beliefs were completely destroyed: they believed that the reason for this situation was "God bless the white people", which caused a great impact on the Indians. The huge psychological trauma is irreparable, and the impact on the relatively backward Indians is conceivable.

Fifth, the westward expansion after American independence accelerated the decline of Indians. The territory of the United States expanded rapidly after independence, and soon expanded from the Atlantic coast to the east coast of the Pacific. Although the westward movement accompanied by territorial expansion promoted the rapid development of the American economy, it was a disaster for the Indians. In 1787 after the independence of the United States, the Indians did not have any human rights provisions. During the westward expansion, the Americans used force... >>

Question 6: Who are the original inhabitants of the Americas?< /p>

Indians, also known as Native Americans, are the general name for all Native Americans except Eskimos. Indians are the Native Americans. This race is distributed in various countries in North and South America and belongs to the American branch of the Mongoloid race. .Using Indian languages, including more than a dozen language families, there is still no recognized language classification.

Indians are the earliest inhabitants of Latin America. The reason why they are called "Indians" is mainly because Columbus The explorers thought that the "new land" they arrived was India, and called the local residents "Indians" (the English pronunciation of the word "India".)

Question 7: The first to discover the New World of America Aren't the people in the area local aborigines? The so-called discovery of the New World refers to the fact that people at that time believed that there were only Asia, Europe and Africa on the earth, so when Columbus arrived in America, he thought he had discovered the New World.