During the birth of China, the territory expanded several times and the Chinese nation was formed.

In ancient China, there were many cultural areas such as Yangshao, Dawenkou, Hongshan and Liangzhu, and each cultural area represented different tribes, different languages and cultures. The most important expansion in the history of China, the territory expanded dozens of times, and the Chinese nation was initially formed. China was thus formed.

From the time of Yan Huang, China entered the civilized era through Yao Shunyu. The king was the supreme ruler of Xia Dynasty, and he had loose relations with neighboring countries, so he could only control his own capital and had little influence on neighboring countries. During the Xia Dynasty, due to disasters and the invasion of neighboring tribes, the capital was often moved and the territory changed greatly.

In the Western Zhou Dynasty, Zhou people lived in the west, and it took more than 40 days to March to the central Heluo area. In order to control the vast territory of the East, Zhou Wuwang considered establishing a new capital in today's Luoyang. Unfortunately, Wu Wang died shortly after he wiped out the businessmen. After the rebellion of "Three Supervisors" was put down, the Duke of Zhou, who assisted him, built two cities in Luoyang, collectively called Luoyi, with the west of the city as the location of the palace. To the east is the Zhou Dynasty, the seat of ancestral temple, and the place where Yin immigrants moved in.

Books, books, etc. This paper records the construction of Chengzhou City, and summarizes the guiding ideology of capital construction in this period: the capital is mainly a political function, and it is a tool for Zhou Tianzi to gain political power and implement political rule. The capital must be in the center of the world in order to rule all the people in the world.

1965, bronze ware He Zun was unearthed in Jia Cun tableland, Baoji County, Shaanxi Province. There is a sentence in He Zun's inscription: "Yu Qi lived in China, and he made a career." . The word "China" in the inscription first refers to the Luoyang area in the middle of the territory of the Zhou Dynasty, and later extended to the whole Chinese nation.

Huaxia appears

After the King of Wu destroyed the Shang Dynasty, he appointed his son Wu Geng as Yin, and sent his brother, Cai Shu and Huo Shu to set up Tai, Guo and Wei near the capital of Yin to monitor Wu Geng, which was called "three prisons" in history. At the beginning of the establishment of the Zhou Dynasty, only the Zhou and Heluo areas were directly ruled, and the merchants were still very strong, and there were a large number of foreigners around. Wu Wang is worried about state affairs and often can't sleep at night. He said: "Wei Tian's silver sword, whose name is 360, is invisible and has not been destroyed, so that today. I am in shock, how can I sleep! "

Soon King Wu died of illness, and the third prison was dissatisfied with Duke Zhou's regency. Wu Geng, his son, joined the third prison and colluded with Xu, Yan, and other countries in the hometown of Yin Shang to fight against Zhou Dynasty. It took the Duke of Zhou three years to quell the rebellion, destroy the remnants of Shang Dynasty and reach Shandong and the Yangtze River valley. In order to further control the territory, Duke Zhou and Zhou Chengwang took the following measures:

The adherents of Shang Dynasty split, and the song of Shangdu was changed to the song of nine brothers Kang Shu. Shangqiu, the old capital of Shang Dynasty, was built by Wei Zi, an ordinary brother. The nobles and rebels moved to strengthen control, absorbed businessmen to establish the Eighth Division of Yin Dynasty, and strengthened control, which also increased the military strength of the emperor.

The newly conquered areas in the East established the State of Lu, and the eldest son of Duke Zhou, Bo Qin, was the monarch. Establish qi, eliminate business, and establish yourself as a king. In addition, Yan founded the country in the north, and the son of the founding hero was the monarch.

Under this system, countries such as Lu, Qi and Yan went deep into barbarian areas and fought against local tribes, gradually developing and expanding. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, Jingchu area was conquered, and many countries named Ji were also blocked. The Ji surname and heroes of the Zhou Dynasty gradually spread all over the territory.

Zhou people call themselves descendants of Xia Dynasty, Zhou people all over the country call themselves "Huaxia" and "Zhu Xia", and the four tribes that are enemies of Zhou Dynasty are called Karl.

By the Warring States period, the territory actually controlled by Zhu Xia was dozens of times that of the early Zhou Dynasty, and tribes from all over the country were also integrated. Later, after the reunification of the Qin Dynasty, the Huns were attacked in the north to collect Hetao, and Nanping Baiyue. At this point, a unified nation and unified territory were initially formed, and China entered the era of great unification.