Why Guizhou?

Guizhou was called central Guizhou in ancient times.

As early as the Warring States to the Qin and Han Dynasties, the county of central Guizhou was established in the northeast of Guizhou, including Tongren and the eastern part of southeastern Guizhou. In the Tang Dynasty, except for a few counties in the west, all Guizhou was under the jurisdiction of Zhongguan Guizhou Road, and the place in the Tang Dynasty was a three-level system of road-state-county. There are many states under Guizhou Middle Road, such as Bozhou (Zunyi) and Sizhou (Tongren). However, Changzhou is a detention house located in Guiyang today. Detention means that the central government has no direct jurisdiction, but relies on local ethnic groups to manage it.

Qianzhong road map

At that time, Juzhou was in the competition between Shuixi 'an (Dafang) and Shuidong Songshi (Kaiyang). However, in the Northern Song Dynasty, another force of Shuixi made great contributions to Changzhou briefly, and at that time, the leader of Roche was Pugui. In order to get the support of the Song Dynasty, Puyi went to Beijing in 974 and surrendered to the Song Dynasty with the seized land. In the dialect, the word "carved" was changed to "expensive" and a letter was written, in which "only Guizhou and Yuan are welcome". The word "Guizhou" first appeared in the literature. Song Taizu appointed Pu as Changzhou secretariat.

But Pugui only occupied Changzhou for a short time. Later, the Song family of Manchuria captured Changzhou and brought Longli, Weng 'an, Xifeng, Guiding and Huishui into their own jurisdiction. Its western part confronts the ghost country of Roche, a foreign power, with Wujiang as the boundary, so it is called Shuidong Song family. During the Southern Song Dynasty, Song Yonggao was appointed as an envoy to Guizhou by the Song Dynasty, which was actually the rule of the Song family over Guizhou. From then on, Guizhou got its name, which is still in use today. But at that time, Guizhou was only equivalent to Guiyang City, which was called "Guizhou City".

In the Yuan Dynasty, the Mongols called Guizhou City Shunyuan City (meaning to submit to the Yuan Dynasty), but the people still called it "Guizhou City". The construction of earth walls in Ming Dynasty was the beginning of Guiyang's urban construction.

During the Ming Dynasty, Shuidong Song surrendered to the Ming Dynasty, and Zhu Yuanzhang immigrated to this area on a large scale and began to build stone walls. In the Ming Dynasty, Jimi in the southwest was no longer called Zhou, but Xuanweisi, later called Tusi. For example, Bozhou Xuanwei Division (Zunyi) and Sizhou Xuanwei Division. After Shuidong Song's family and Shuidong Xi 'an's family surrendered to the Ming Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty established Guizhou Xuanwei Department, namely Guizhou City, among the two major forces. Therefore, the meaning of the word "Guizhou" has expanded from Guiyang to Bijie, which is the first time in Guizhou.

During the Yongle period, there was civil strife in Tianjia, Sizhou, and Ming Chengzu took the opportunity to quell the civil strife. 14 13, sizhou xuanwei department was abolished, and then the Tianshi, Shuidong' an and Shuidong Songshi departments in sizhou were merged with Duyun and other governments to establish Guizhou (Guizhou Province) government council and envoy department. This is the second expansion of the word "Guizhou". At that time, only the confrontation between Bozhou and Guizhou was left in the eastern part of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau.

(Guizhou and Bozhou)

During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Yang, a native of Bozhou, launched a rebellion. 1600, the Ming dynasty mobilized 240,000 troops to counter the rebellion. History says that the "Pingbo Battle" is one of the three symbols of Wanli, which basically exhausted the vitality of the Ming Dynasty. After the demise of Bozhou, the Ming Dynasty divided Bozhou land into two parts, the southern part became Pingyue Prefecture, which belonged to Guizhou Province, and the northern part became Zunyi Prefecture, which belonged to Sichuan Province. During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, Zunyi Prefecture was also included in Guizhou, which was the third expansion of Guizhou territory. At this point, the territory of Guizhou has been completely laid.

(In Guizhou in Qing Dynasty)

However, it should be noted that the scope of Guizhou is basically a combination of four chieftains, namely, Song clan in Shuidong, An clan in Shuizhou, Tian clan in Sizhou and Yang clan in Bozhou, and it is not a complete geographical unit. So the scope is much smaller than Guizhou Middle Road. For example, the Yuanjiang River Basin, which belongs to Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and Wuling Mountain Area, was allocated to Hunan, and the lower reaches of Wujiang River was allocated to Chongqing. These places were originally the areas in central Guizhou.

Guizhou, after the establishment of Guizhou Province, was renamed Guiyang Prefecture. It has been used until today, so the source of Guizhou and Guiyang is the same. The earliest Guizhou was Guiyang.