Appreciation and Interpretation of the Original Works of Complete Works of Zuo Zhuan, Wu Yuanjian and Xu Yueping

(A.D. Mourning)

Notes on the title or background of a book.

Wu Zixu is a sober politician and strategist with a rational spirit and a realistic attitude. He was very prescient. When he visited Enemy at the Gates, he immediately saw through his intention to preserve his strength by making peace. Gou Jian, the king of Yue, lived together for ten years and learned from the scriptures for ten years. He responded to Wu Zixu's prophecy and got revenge twenty years later.

original text

Fu Cha defeated Fu Jiao [1] and reported to Ye Li [2]. Then enter Vietnam. Confucius got 5,000 yuan of armor [3], which is a guarantee in Huiji. Let the doctor's seed succeed because of Wu Dazhai's words, and Woods will allow it. Wu Yuan said: "Impossible. It is said that the virtue of a tree is like a child [4] and the disease is like a child [5]. In the past, there was a method of pouring and killing to cut down bamboo [6] and destroy Xia Hou [7]. Yan Fang [8] escapes from the sinus [9] and returns to rest [10]. He was born by Shao Kang Yan, and Shao Kang Yan is still eating grass [1 1]. If it falls, you can exit [12]. If pepper is thrown, it will be dangerous to escape [13], and it is right to eliminate its harm [14]. Yu Si is the wife's second child Yao [15], while Yi Zhulun [16]. With 10% land and travel, you can broaden your virtues. Zhao [17] plans to accept Xia Zhong and caress his official position. Using Maid Ai [18] as a spy lured Ji Yi [19], which destroyed the achievements of He Fuyu. Sacrificing summer to match the sky without losing the old things [20].

To annotate ...

[1] Fujiao: the place name of Yue, in the north of Shaoxing, Zhejiang.

[2] Zuli: Yue place name is in the north of Shaoxing, Zhejiang. Wu Wang He Lu was defeated by the State of Yue here and died of injuries.

[3] x: same as "shield". Armor: refers to soldiers who are fully armed.

[4] Zi: Long, many.

[5] Do it thoroughly.

[6] Yes, the ancient country was named in the north of Ye County, Shandong Province. There was once a monarch of a country. Pour, pour: Xia's same surname vassal.

[7] Item: Xia Dynasty monarch, the fifth generation monarch of Xia Dynasty.

[8] Hou Yi: the wife of Xiang. Pregnant: pregnant.

[9] Sinus: acupoints, acupoints.

[10] There is also: the name of an ancient vassal, the daughter of Houyi, in Jining, Shandong Province today.

[1 1] Mu Zheng: an official in charge of animal husbandry.

[12] Ji: jealousy. Attention: Be careful.

[13] Youyu: the name of an ancient warlord, surnamed Yao, lived in Yongji, Shanxi Province today.

[14] Buzheng: an official in charge of catering.

[15] Er Yao: refers to the two daughters of the monarch Yusi, whose surname is Yao, so they are called Er Yao.

[16] Ijulun: Give him Luncheng. Lun is in the southeast of Yucheng, Henan Province today.

Go ahead.

[18] Female Ai: Shao Kang's son.

[19] tapir (y): the younger brother of water, the king of Ge Guo.

[20] Old things: refers to the original laws and regulations of the Xia Dynasty.

translate

Fu Cha, the king of Wu, avenged Li's defeat by Yue, and defeated the Yue army in Fujiao. Subsequently, Wu Jun took advantage of the situation to attack Yue. The King of Yue, with 5,000 soldiers, armed to the teeth and armed with shields, was stationed in Huiji Mountain and sent doctors to make peace with the State of Wu through Taizai. The king of Wu was about to agree to Yue's request. Wu Yuan said: "No .. I heard:' The more virtues you build, the better, and evil will be completely eliminated." Once upon a time, there was a monarch who poured water on Zhuan Xu, attacked Zhuan Xu and destroyed the item. Xiang's wife is pregnant. She escaped from a small hole in the city wall, returned to her family and gave birth to Shao Kang. When Shao Kang grew up, he became an official in charge of animal husbandry in Youhuan County. He is jealous of watering and is always wary of watering persecution. Water pepper to find Shao Kang, Shao Kang fled to Youyu County, where he became the chief executive in charge of the kitchen, only to escape the pursuit of water pepper. Yu Si, the king of danger, also married his two daughters to Shao Kang and made him the second wife. He owns ten miles of cultivated land in Fiona Fang, and with the strength of 500 people, he can repay his kindness and begin to implement his strategy of rejuvenating the country. He recruited Xia immigrants to appease his ministers, sent his son Ai to be a spy there, and sent Ji Xun to seduce Shui's younger brother. In this way, Guo Guohe was eliminated, but Yu's career was revived. Shao Kang offered sacrifices to the ancestors of Xia Dynasty and the Emperor of Heaven at the same time, which restored the original laws and regulations of Xia Dynasty.

original text

"Wu is not as good as today, but it is greater than Shao Kang, or it will be abundant [2 1]. Is it difficult? Sentence practice can be pro-service, paying without losing people, pro-service without giving up labor. Being on the same soil with me is the enemy of the world, so I take it and I keep it. I will hate it for a long time. Although I regretted it later, I couldn't eat it [22]. The decline of Ji [23] will come soon. If you are a barbarian [24] and have a long-term feud, you will not be able to ask for help [25]. " Listen. After he retired, he told people: "The more ten years, the better [26], the lessons of ten years [27]. Twenty years later, Wuqi is a swamp [28]! " In March, Vietnam and Wuping.

To annotate ...

[2 1] Feng: Growth.

[22] food: consumption.

[23] Ji: It refers to the State of Wu. Wu is the country of Ji's surname.

[24] Barbarian: refers to Chu and Yue.

[25] B: Same as "Ba".

[26] Living and gathering: Raising people and gathering wealth.

[27] Lessons: Education and training.

[28] Becoming a swamp: Becoming a lake means the country's demise.

translate

"Now and the previous yue, and yue than Shao Kangqiang. Maybe God will make Yue stronger. Isn't that more difficult to deal with? Gou Jian can be close to others and give alms to everyone. Never abandon those who have made meritorious deeds. The state of Yue is adjacent to our country, and they have been enemies for generations. In this case, if we fight across the country without destroying it, but are prepared to save it, it is against God's will and encourages the enemy. If we regret it later, it will be too late to eliminate the scourge. Wu's decline is just around the corner. China is among barbarian countries, but it is definitely not advisable to seek hegemony by encouraging the enemy. " Fu Cha, the prince of Wu, wouldn't listen. Wu retired and told him, "The state of Yue has spent ten years raising people and accumulating wealth, and ten years educating and training soldiers. Twenty years later, the palace of Wu will become a lake. " In March, Yue and Wu made peace.

Comment and analysis

First of all, the article mentioned the battle of Fujiao. Fu Cha, the king of Wu, practiced day and night. Although he won at one stroke, Xu Yue made peace, but he did not use the advantage of victory to destroy Yue at one stroke, which laid a hidden danger for the later development of Yue State and the subsequent attack and destruction of Wu State.

Revenge is a dish that should be eaten cold. Gou Jian probably kept this in mind. To say the least, plus ten years, he spent twice as much time preparing for revenge. Gou Jian, the king of Yue, is worthy of understanding the times. At the critical moment of national subjugation and extinction, he bowed candidly to the wind, relegated to the inferior position, bowed down for delay, and saved the seeds of revenge. After the defeat, Gou Jian began to strive for strength. Endure humiliation, go through hardships, exert superhuman perseverance in the long-term hardship, and finally defeat Wu.

Historical experience tells us that although historical development is not repetitive, it often has amazing similarities. If we don't sum up our experience and learn from it, we will certainly fall.