Qidong economy

Qidong is a young sandy land. In recent 200 years, land has been formed by siltation and connection between sandbars. Qidong area was called "Dongsheng Yingzhou" in ancient times. Wang Jia, a Jin Dynasty man, described the ocean surface in Qidong area in Notes: "Yingzhou, Soul Island is also called Zhou Huan. There are deep holes in the east, fish with long thousands of feet, mottled spots and horns on the nose, which sometimes stimulate the group to play. Farsightedness, there are colorful clouds in the water; Myopia is that this fish sprays water like a cloud, like the beauty of Qingyun. " Although this article is wordless, it vividly describes the scene before Qidong became land. Sand fish appeared in the waves of the sea from time to time, and whales played and sprayed water like colorful clouds. In addition, the masterpiece Six Chapters of a Floating Life made a precious record of Qidong.

According to the examination, the change of Yingzhou, in the final analysis, is directly related to the change of the main channel of the Yangtze River. Yingzhou in Tang Dynasty was located on the north side of Tonglu Water Ridge, with a length of150km and a width of 40km from north to south. In today's Nantong, it was called Dongbuzhou in ancient times. Therefore, Lu Si said, "Thailand in the west, Fusang in the east, the sea in the north and the Yangtze River in the south". During the Jiaqing period of Qing Dynasty, the main stream of the Yangtze River re-entered Nanhong Road, and several sandbanks such as Lufuxin Sand, Zaojie Sand and Rizhao Sand appeared in the north of Nanhaozhi Port, and groups of sandbanks in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River appeared in the south. These sandbars are the embryonic form of land formation in Qidong area. They were covered with layers of shells and seaweed, and then lush shrubs grew and became oases.

In Qidong, the area around Lvsi in the north is called "Beisha" and the southern and central areas are called "Nansha". "Nansha" and "Beisha" have different languages and customs. Nansha people speak Qihai dialect, which is exactly the same as Haimen dialect, similar to Chongming dialect and Shanghai dialect, belonging to Wu dialect, while "Beisha" people speak "Lvsi dialect". Regarding the origin of the residents of Nansha, the mainstream view is that Jurong moved to Chongming and Chongming moved to Qidong. According to Ming Zhengde's "Chongming County Records", Chongming Island was sparsely populated at the beginning. In 696 (Long live the Tang Dynasty), there were six surnames of Huang, Gu, Dong, Shi, Lu and Song on the island, mostly from Jurong, Jiangsu. 1025 (in the third year of Song Tiansheng), Chongming was a new sandy land, inhabited by Yao and Liu, named Yao. 110/year (Song Jianzhong, Jing Guoyuan), Sansha rose because "there are fish and salt, and folk music lives there." Jurong people Zhu, Chen and Zhang all came to live here. During the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, more than a dozen sandbars of different sizes rose one after another in the northeast river course of Chongming Island, so residents from other places, especially those from Chongming and Haimen, moved one after another, reclaimed land for reclamation and thrived. These sand people are the earliest residents in the south of Qidong, and most of them are tenants of Chongming landlords. It can be inferred that the statement that Nansha residents originated from Jurong in the south of the Yangtze River and moved from Chongming is extremely credible. But in modern times, most residents of Nansha came from Huzhou, Jiaxing, Zhejiang. He was a native of Jiangnan in northern Zhejiang, and moved northward to escape the war during the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. At present, the folk culture in the sandy land of the Yangtze River estuary is very similar to that in northern Zhejiang.

Subconsciously, the residents of the sand in the south of Qidong often pretend to be Jiangnan people. They live in Jiangbei and still cling to many habits in Jiangnan. Actually, outsiders are called "Jiangbei people" and what they don't understand is called "Jiangbei dialect". This just proves from one side that the residents of Nansha originated from the south of the Yangtze River. They also call themselves "people in the sand" and "people in the sand" To distinguish it from northerners.

As for the "Beisha" residents in Lvsi area in the north of Qidong, they are complex immigrants with a long history. "Beisha" is the earliest mature sandy land in Qidong and the "Dongbuzhou" where the Yangtze River enters the sea. In the Tang Dynasty, Lv Si became a saltern. According to historical records, the early residents here were "immigrants" who were exiled to Hudouzhou to cook salt for a living. Of course, there are many fishermen from all over the world. It is difficult to prove where its residents come from. But linguists believe that Lusi dialect is an ancient Changzhou dialect. Therefore, Lvsi dialect is classified as a piece of Wu dialect. Judging from the law of human migration, population migration is always inseparable from physical geography, administrative orders, different settings and social economy. In Lvsi, there is a folk legend: On August 13th, the eighth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, a tsunami occurred in Lvsi area, and 30,000 people drowned. So the imperial court decreed that the surnames of Du, Lu, Ji, Zhou, Mao, Peng were taken out from (now Changshu) and the family moved to Lvsi with their ancestors and never returned to the original. So there are so many surnames in the native place of Lvsi area, and the rest are Hakkas who moved later. Qidong dialect is a dialect of Wu dialect, which belongs to Taihu Lake in Wu dialect.