How did Mandarin come about? Cantonese and Sichuan dialect have been arguing for a long time. Which county in Hebei finally won?

When we were studying, most of us saw slogans like this on campus: "Please speak Mandarin, welcome to speak English." Mandarin is characterized by its simple syllable structure, loud and rhythmic pronunciation, and cadence when spoken. , highly contagious, but everyone must have heard this joke: There were several dialects that participated in the competition with Mandarin.

And these dialects are only one vote away from defeating today's Mandarin. The dialects here are Cantonese, Sichuan dialect, Luoyang dialect and Shaanxi dialect. Legend has it that Cantonese almost became the common language of China in the early years of the Republic of China, but in the end it was the northern dialect that won. It is also said that at the "National Spelling Reform Conference" in 1955, The number of votes for Sichuan dialect is only 1 less than that of Beijing dialect.

Interestingly, the writer Mr. Wang Meng said that when he went to Luoyang and Shaanxi in Henan, people on both sides mentioned that during the National Government, when everyone was discussing the issue of Mandarin, Luoyang dialect and Shaanxi dialect were only one vote away from Beijing dialect. . From this point of view, the emergence of Mandarin is very tortuous, and so many dialects almost became it.

Actually, these are just legends. Our current Mandarin was adopted from Luanping County, Chengde, Hebei Province. Assuming that a language wants to become the lingua franca of the country, it must be able to adapt to the daily communication habits of most people. It must not be mixed with too many pronunciation habits such as idioms, omissions, and final sounds. The intonation must be direct, clear, and clear.

In fact, the concept of Mandarin was not proposed after the founding of the People's Republic of China. As early as the twenty-eighth year of Guangxu (1902), when the writer Wu Rulun went to Japan, someone suggested to him that Chinese people should have a unified language. Promote Mandarin (Mandarin). The fact that Luanping was selected as the main Mandarin speaking area is also full of historical coincidences.

During the Ming Dynasty, King Zhu Di of Yan moved the capital to Beijing. During the Ming Dynasty, Luanping was an uninhabited military restricted area in the Yanshan Mountains. In the forty-third year of Qianlong's reign (1778), Luanping was officially established as a county, and the people who immigrated here did not speak a strong dialect. At that time, the Manchu nobles established their own "kouwaizhuangtian" in Luanping. This process coincided with the emperor's order to promote Beijing Mandarin.

Beijing Mandarin is different from the Beijing Hutong pronunciation. The Beijing Mandarin used by the nobles at that time belongs to the elegant pronunciation. It refers to the Chinese rhyme code and has requirements in terms of speech speed, vocal flow, and charm. In addition, For the imperial examinations, those who could use Beijing Mandarin in the Qing Dynasty had a special advantage.

Led by the nobles, the use of Beijing Mandarin became a trend in Luanping. After that, Luanping became the first area to promote Beijing Mandarin. Luanping dialect belongs to Beijing Mandarin Huaicheng film, and it has formed its own characteristics in the process of development. In 1953, language experts went to Luanping to conduct speech collection.

Four primary school students once read several texts in front of language experts. At that time, they did not know that they were contributing to the formulation of Mandarin standards. In 1955, the name of the Han nationality's most homogeneous language was officially determined as "Putonghua". The Mandarin here uses Beijing phonetic (Beijing Mandarin) as the standard pronunciation.

Mandarin has been promoted for decades. In 2001, it obtained the legal status of "National Common Language", and Luanping became the famous "Hometown of Mandarin". Although Cantonese, Sichuan dialect and other languages ??did not win the "Mandarin battle", the coexistence of Mandarin and dialects has allowed my country's language arts to flourish.