The Historical Contribution of Xiaogan Township in Macheng

In 2007, Chongqing built the "Huguang Fill Sichuan Museum". Most residents in Sichuan and Chongqing are descendants of immigrants from Huguang to Sichuan. The "Huguang-Sichuan Immigration Museum" under construction will reproduce the migration process of immigrants in that year and show the struggle course of their predecessors. I think that the migration of Macheng and Xiaogan is not only a highlight of "Huguang filling Sichuan Pavilion", but also leaves us with many topics to describe. 20 10, Macheng also began to restore and re-plan the construction of the ancient Xiaogan township scenic spot.

First of all, the immigrants from Macheng and Xiaogan can be used as the research topic of "new Hakka" culture. Luo Xianglin's Study on the Origin of Hakka is considered to be the highest level of Hakka history research before 1949. It is clearly pointed out in the book that there are two non-pure passenger counties in Hubei: Hong 'an County and Macheng County, with a total population of about 6.5438+0.5 million. However, the descriptions of Hong 'an County and Macheng County are always inseparable from Xiaogan Township, a holy land for immigrants. The 6.5438+0.5 million Hakkas in Hong 'an County and Macheng County should be the descendants of the Hakka ancestors who moved from the west of Jiangxi Province when they filled in Huguang. What Hakka folk culture did the ancestors of Xiaogan Township bring when they moved to Sichuan? For example, whenever Sichuanese get married or celebrate the opening of business, please have a "full moon" or something like that. Traditional banquets are mostly nine kinds of meat dishes, commonly known as "nine bowls" or "nine bowls". This custom of "nine bowls" originated in Xiaogan Township, Macheng County, Hubei Province. Besides the custom of "nine bowls", what other customs are brought to Sichuan? The research in this field is obviously blank.

The villagers in Macheng and Xiaogan have made great contributions to Sichuan, which can be seen from the "Covenant of Maxiang". During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, migrants from Macheng and Xiaogan who moved to Sichuan for reclamation made an appointment to elect their fellow villagers to return home several times a year because they missed their hometown, bringing souvenirs and letters. Over time, there appeared a Ma Xiang matchmaking service run by Macheng people, which delivered goods and delivered letters for people. This form has gradually spread from Chengdu and Chongqing to many large and medium-sized cities such as Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou. The Lane Convention greatly improved the communication situation of the people at that time and occupied a very important position in the postal history of China. This charity that benefits the people is their creation.

Among the descendants of immigrants from Macheng and Xiaogan townships in Sichuan, there are also many outstanding people.

Hongwu came from Macheng and Xiaogan in four years and settled in Guo Mengsi, Longchang, Sichuan. He is the founder of the Guo family in Longchang. The family is prosperous and has been handed down for more than 30 generations for more than 600 years. It is estimated that there are more than 5000 residents, and it looks like a big family. The Guo family began to be rich in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, and by the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, it was already extremely rich. In the 13th year of Wanli, Guo founded Tiancheng Shengqu Distillery in Luzhou, which is the birthplace of LU ZHOU LAO JIAO CO.,LTD Co., Ltd., a famous Chinese and foreign wine, and won the gold medal of Panama World Expo. Sun, the nineteenth grandson of the Guo family in Longchang, was a juren in Guangxu period. He once presided over the reclamation work of Zhang Zhidong, the governor of Huguang, and was regarded as a talent by Zhang Zhidong. He founded Chinese College in Shanghai and Shame-Knowing Middle School in Longchang. Guo Weihua, the eldest son, was the backbone of the Revolution of 1911 and a member of the League. When he was teaching in Shame-Knowing Middle School and Syrian Middle School, he publicized the revolution. There were many revolutionaries in Sichuan at that time. There are seven children, and his eldest son, Guo, is a master of science in France. He has served as a professor in more than ten universities and enjoys a good reputation in the education field. Guo Zi Shijie is an early native of party member. He used to be secretary of Anqing District Committee and member of Hubei Provincial Committee. 1927 was arrested in Hankou and died heroically at the age of 23. Guo Zi Boutao is a famous journalist. He has been the editor-in-chief of Shenbao and News for many years, and his works are quite abundant. Zi Guo Yi presided over the technical work of the Ministry of Railways, made outstanding contributions, awarded the national model worker and enjoyed the honor of burying Babaoshan in death; Zi was the commander of the Kuomintang armored forces and now lives in Taiwan Province. The descendants of the Guo family are involved in the literature of the party, government, army, agriculture, industry and commerce, and there are many talented people, which is a typical example of immigrants in Xiaogan Township, Macheng.

For example, Luo Shangfeng, the ancestor of Roche in Fushun County, moved from Macheng to Honghe Township in Fushun County in Wanli, and moved to Luotiankou in Weiyuan County at the beginning of Shunzhi. Roche is agriculture-oriented and reading-oriented, with scholars, Gong Sheng and juren in all previous dynasties; Also participated in the development and management of salt industry, and is a family of salt industry. It has been passed to the first 12 generation, which can be described as a collection of talents. Among this generation are Luo Shize, an anti-Japanese martyr, Luo Shizhen, a martyr and modern agronomist, Luo who graduated from the law department of Waseda University in Japan in his early years and taught at Sichuan University and Yunnan University, and so on. Another example is General Zhang Aiping and writer Ai Wu, whose ancestors immigrated to Sichuan from Macheng and Xiaogan. However, there should be more people who have not been sorted out, which shows that immigrants from Macheng and Xiaogan and their descendants have made due contributions and returns to Sichuan, which raised them.