Who is the inventor of television?

The inventor of television is Baird. 1923 One day, a friend told Baird, "Since Marconi can transmit and receive radio waves from a long distance, he should be able to transmit images." This greatly encouraged him. Baird is determined to complete the task of "transmitting images by electricity". He sold his little property, collected a lot of information and devoted all his time to the development of TV sets. 1925 10 February 2nd is the most exciting day in Baird's life. On this day, he installed a new device that can convert light into electrical signals in his room, hoping to use it to make Bill's face more realistic. Thousands, he pressed the button on the plane, and suddenly Bill's image appeared clearly and vividly. He couldn't believe his eyes. He rubbed his eyes and looked at it carefully. Isn't that bill's face The light on that face is distinct and distinct, and the nuances are clearly discernible. Mouth, nose, eyes, eyelashes, ears and hair are all clear. Baird jumped with excitement. The only thing on his mind is to find a job, Bill, and make a face. There is a movie rental shop under Baird Building. This afternoon, the business in the store continued. Suddenly, the inventor upstairs "broke in and caught the first person." The arrested man is William Tinton, a shop boy who is only 15 years old. A few minutes later, Bei Le saw William Tanton's face in the "magic mirror"-the face of the first person to be shown on TV. Then William was allowed to look at the receiver and saw Baird's own face reflected on the screen. The experiment succeeded! Then Baird invited researchers from the Royal Academy of Sciences to watch his new invention. 192665438+1On October 26th, researchers from Chinese Academy of Sciences were invited to visit Baird Laboratory. The screening result was very successful and caused a great sensation. This is the first day of Baird's TV broadcast, and the whole world regards this day as the day when TV was born. Inventor of TV: Philo T. Farnsworth, a farm boy of 14 years old, plowed the fields in Idaho, rigby. Philo T. Farnsworth's is the electron beam of thought, Einstein's is the theory of relativity. As a science teacher, he realized that Philo had gained unusual wisdom and helped him learn what he could. Just like the attack in his own field, he used electron beams to arrange images, just like he cultivated in the field, one line at a time, from top to bottom, from the side. After studying in Brigham Young University for two years in high school, post-finishing and two years in college, he turned to design his own TV system, including an electronic camera, transmitter, receiver and a screen. Through 1927, he established the components of his own system and successfully showed them to investors. He proposed a patent working system in 1927. The problem is that Vladimir King, an immigrant from Russia, works on the same issue and has patented some of his systems in 1923. However, his equipment didn't work. Gold for Lotus, in the later stage of farnsworth's technological development, Lotus argued that Lotus should not pay royalties to farnsworth based on the application date of Zworkykin. Farnsworth's patent was published in 1930. He used the same annuity to visit the laboratory in farnsworth and heard, "I think I may have invented it." However, Lotus claimed that Kim's photoelectric camera tube was before farnsworth. Both parties filed their priority cases with the US Patent Office in the lawsuit, which is called interference. The evidence that farnsworth excluded the invention of priority clearly shows the earliest concept. However, during World War II, the government suspended the development of television, and when the war ended, farnsworth's patent almost expired. With the invention of telephone in 1875 and the development of broadcast film technology, many scientific and technological personnel began to study image transmission technology, hoping to apply the latest scientific and technological achievements to the photoelectric conversion of static or moving scenes and images and send out electrical signals so that images can be reproduced immediately in other places. British engineer John Logie Baird first invented and realized such a TV system. Baird applied to the British Patent Office for the patent of "System for Transmitting Images, Portraits and Scenes by Wired or Radio Wave Communication" on July 26th, 2003, and was granted the patent number of GB222604 on July 9th, 2004. This system is more mechanical than electronic. It is based on the Russian-German P in Berlin, Germany. Paul Nipp. German patent DE30 105 entitled "Electronic Telescope" includes two identical turntables, one on the transmitter and the other on the receiver. Each disk has 24 square holes, and there are photovoltaic cells to transmit images. It is based on the idea of moving images, that is, when a series of still images are transformed quickly enough, it will produce the effect of moving pictures visually. However, due to technical reasons, the patent was not implemented. * Baird's above patent proposes a method and system for transmitting images, portraits and scenes. Each area of the scene is successively projected onto a photosensitive element, and the receiver uses the current change caused by the photosensitive element to light up a series of small lamps arranged on the screen, and the varying illuminance of these small lamps on the screen forms a reproduced original picture. The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and embodiments: the scene or object A to be transmitted is focused on the rotating disk D through the lens B to form an image C, and a series of holes arranged in a spiral line are penetrated on the disk D. The imaging C can be 1 inch×1inch, and the diameter of the holes on the disk can be118 inch. These holes are circumferentially distributed about 65438 0 inches. The second hole is closer to the center than 118 inch (or 1/32 inch) and the third hole is closer to the center than the second hole118 inch (or 65438 inch). So that when the disc D rotates, each part of the image to be transmitted successively passes through the hole of118 inch (or the hole of 1/32 inch). There is a photosensitive element E on the back of the optical disc. Different lights shine on the photosensitive element through the perforation M, so that the current flowing through the photosensitive element from the battery F changes, and the changed current is amplified by the thermionic vacuum tube, and then transmitted to the receiver through wires or elements. The receiver is equipped with an arm G that rotates completely synchronously with the disc D of the transmitter. The end of the arm is provided with a brush, which is communicated with a series of contacts H, and each contact is connected with a small lamp. These lamps are arranged in rows and columns to form a screen K, and each hole sweeps a strip of the picture, and the strip is reproduced on the receiving screen by a row of lamps, so that each hole has its corresponding row of lamps, and many lamps can be used. The more lights, the better the reproducibility of the picture. If the corresponding instantaneous hole faces the bright part of the picture, the light will be very bright; If the hole is facing the black part of the picture at that moment, the light will be dim; Light with different brightness on the screen reproduces the picture, thus forming an image. Baird was born in 1888. He studied at Hulack Field College, Royal Institute of Technology and Glasgow University, but dropped out of school because of the outbreak of World War I. He was an unsuccessful businessman. When he started his research work, he was poor and had no funds. He had to use tea boxes, biscuit boxes, wires, wax and other waste materials to make his own experimental device. Even the rotating disk is made of cardboard, with 30 lines from top to bottom and 65,438+00 transmissions per second. 1924, he successfully launched the Maltese Cross within a few meters. 19251010.2, he finally succeeded in getting the young handyman w? Willian Tynton's face appeared on TV. He signed a contract with a department store to get paid for TV transmission performance and constantly improve the system. From 65438 to 0928, Baird began to broadcast its TV system officially, and began to study and experiment with color TV. 1929, the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) signed a license contract with Baird to use his invention to broadcast TV on the basis of experiments. 1936, the BBC realized the scheduled TV broadcast by radio for the first time in the world. However, the limitations of Baird's TV adopting mechanical technology route have also emerged. Despite his hard work, the quality of the transmitted picture has always been problematic, the scanning accuracy is limited by the rotation speed, the image clarity is not enough, and the flicker of the picture is a headache for the audience. Very active in this field at that time. When Baird was engaged in the research of TV system according to the principle of mechanical scanning, American inventors were studying electronic scanning, trying to adopt another technical route-electronic TV system. Russian-American engineer v? Vladimir Eworykin (J192365438+February 29th) applied for the patent of US2 14 1059, which was only published on February 20th, 938, and invented the technology of kinescope and camera tube and TV system, laying the foundation for electronic TV system. Although the electronic TV system was not perfect at first, the effect was not as good as that of machinery, but with the efforts of Zuo Lijin, American Wireless Company and British EMI Company, the technology made rapid progress. For example, the scanning line was 48 lines at 1929 and reached 343 lines at 1935. At the end of 1936 and the beginning of 1937, two systems, EMI's electronic TV system and Baird's mechanical TV system, were set up in Alexandra Palace in the north of London, England, and used in turn every other week, and the two systems were compared. Electronic variety show technology is first-class. Three months later, the BBC told Baird that he would shut down his system. Electronic TV system has become the mainstream system of TV. Baird died in Beukes Hill, Sussex, England on 1946. The controversy among the inventors of television lies in the fact that television was not invented by anyone. It is the crystallization of a large group of people in different historical periods and different countries. As early as the19th century, people began to discuss and explore ways to convert images into electronic signals. 1900 The word "TV" appeared. 1On June 2nd, 925, John Logie Baird, a scot, scanned the image of a puppet in an experiment in London. People usually regarded him as the symbol of the birth of television, and he was called the "father of television". However, this view is controversial. Because, also in that year, American vladimir zworykin showed his TV system to his boss in Westinghouse. Although the time is the same, the TV systems in John Logie Baird and vladimir zworykin are quite different. Historically, John Logie Baird's television system was called mechanical television, while Sforokin's system was called electronic television. This difference is mainly due to the different transmission and reception principles. The development of television is complicated. Almost at the same time, many people are doing the same research. American RCA 1939 introduced the world's first black-and-white TV set, 1953 formulated the national color TV standard, and 1954 introduced RCA color TV set.

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