Yong 'an Dialect in Central Fujian —— Yong 'an Dialect

Minzhong dialect, also known as Minzhong dialect and Minzhong dialect, is a Chinese Min dialect popular in some counties and cities in the mountainous areas of central Fujian. The people who use this dialect are mainly in Sanming, Yong 'an, Shaxian and other areas in central and eastern Fujian, with Yong 'an dialect as the representative and a population of about 500,000. It is the dialect with the least number of speakers and the narrowest scope of application in Fujian dialect.

Central Fujian dialect is popular in Yong 'an, Sanming and Shaxian. These counties and cities are located in the middle of Fujian Province, that is, Shaxi Valley between Wuyishan and Daiyun Mountain, which is a hilly area inclined from south to north. Because it is located in central Fujian, the Chinese dialect here was called central Fujian dialect in the dialect survey in 1960s.

Fujian borders Youxi and Datian counties in the middle east, Nanping and Shunchang in the north, Mingxi and Liu Qing in the west, Liancheng and Zhangping in the south. The dialects spoken in the surrounding counties and cities are complex, including Minnan dialect, Mindong dialect, Northern Fujian dialect and Western Fujian Hakka dialect. Although there are high mountains in central Fujian, the external traffic is inconvenient, but in the long-term interaction, various dialects in neighboring areas have had different degrees of influence on the dialects in central Fujian.

As early as the Qin and Han dynasties, the residents of Fujian and Vietnam, a branch of "Baiyue" in history, lived in central Fujian. After the Han Dynasty, the Han people in Southern Chu and Eastern Wu set foot in the middle of Fujian along Chong 'an and Pucheng in northern Fujian and reached Jianxi Valley. According to historical records, the activities of the Han nationality were in Nanping and Shaxian at that time, which was under the jurisdiction of Jian 'an County. In the second year of Yuanjia in the Southern Song Dynasty (425), Nanping (formerly known as Yanping) was divided into Shacun County and Jian 'an County. In the first year of Emperor Yangdi Huang Kai (58 1), Shacun County was renamed Shaxian County, and its jurisdiction included the present Yong 'an City (formerly known as Fuxi). Shaxian dialect at that time should be the representative of early dialects in central Fujian. In the third year of Jingtai in Ming Dynasty (1452), Yong 'an County was established in the south of Shaxian County and the west of Youxi County. In Ming Dynasty, the peasant uprising led by Deng broke out in Shaxian County, which spread to southern Jiangxi and northern Guangdong. The Ming Dynasty sent troops to brutally suppress it, and since then the population of Shaxian County has dropped sharply. The emerging Yong 'an County has gradually become the activity center of people in central Fujian, and Yong 'an dialect has replaced Shaxian dialect as the representative of central Fujian dialect. During War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Yong 'an became the capital of Fujian Province. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Yong 'an was once the seat of the SAR. All these make Yong 'an dialect a representative point of central Fujian dialect.

Dialects in central Fujian are not widely distributed, and the population is not large, about 500 thousand. After the end of 1950s, a large number of immigrants from other provinces and other parts of the province moved into Yong 'an, Sanming and Shaxian areas, which made the central Fujian dialect impacted by Putonghua and foreign dialects. Therefore, the Min Zhong dialect with the least population in Min dialect is even more impure. Today, only a few people can use the authentic central Fujian dialect fluently. Different from other dialects in Fujian, Chinese dialects in Fujian have rich [-m] closed rhymes, which distinguish the pronunciations of the tip of the tongue from the sounds of the tongue leaves, and have entering tones but no entering rhymes.

Phonetic features: there are 17 initials (including zero initials) and 4 1 finals, which develop nasal rhyme and have no entering rhyme. There are special closed rhymes such as -m and -um. There are six tones, namely, tone 42, rising tone 33, rising tone 2 1, rising tone 54, falling tone 24 and entering tone 12. There are relatively strict tone sandhi rules.

Lexical features: Yong 'an dialect and other Min dialects have many synonyms of * * *, and there are also a lot of literary and colloquial readings.

Grammatical features: There are many adverbs with characteristics, such as comparative sentences and adverbial inversion. Yong 'an dialect can be divided into four small pieces.

Urban area, Lingbei District, Ansha District and Luofang District.