The origins of races and nationalities in various European countries

Britain: The English people belong to the Germanic race and were built after the Anglo-Saxons and Jets invaded Britain

: Wessex, Essex, Maisie There are seven countries including Ya, Kent, Northumbria, etc., which is the "Era of Seven Kingdoms" in British history. Later, the Vikings invaded and merged with the Vikings. After that, the Duke of Normandy "William the Conqueror" came to England, so the Norman French (actually the Vikings and Franks) were injected into the veins of the English. mixed-race descendants of humans). The Scots in the north and the Welsh in the west are descendants of the indigenous Celts.

France: The French may be regarded as the biggest bastards in Europe (I definitely mean no harm). The earliest residents of France were Celts---what the Romans called Gauls. In fact, The blood of the Gauls is not so pure, and they are divided into several branches: Alpine Gaul: They were the first foreigners to invade northern Italy. They had many bloody battles with the Romans, and once captured the outer city of Rome, and were later conquered by Rome. . Transalpine Gaul - also known as Long-haired Gaul, and Transalpine Gaul is divided into three branches: Narbonne Gaul (living on the coastline of the Rh?ne Valley in southeastern France and today's Marseille), Aquitaine Gaul (living in southwestern France and the Central Plateau), Belgian Gaul (living in the plains between the Seine and Rhine rivers in eastern France). Among them, the Belgian Gaul were originally the descendants of the Germanic people who crossed the river to escape. They were the most brave and good at fighting among the Gauls, and their customs were the closest to those of the Germanic people on the other side of the river. In addition, there are the Helvetic people in Switzerland and the Ibero-Celtics in Spain. After Caesar conquered the Gauls, the Gauls rapidly became Latinized, forming a special population of Roman Gauls. After the fourth century AD, the Germans invaded Gaul on a large scale. The Visigoths established their respective kingdoms in Toulouse, the Burgundians in Lyon, and the Franks in Tours. The Franks annexed the entire Kingdom of Burgundy and the Gaul part of the Visigothic Kingdom in the fifth century AD, but the language and customs of the Burgundians remained for a long time, while the French did not invade until the end of the 15th century in the era of Louis XI. The direct rule over Aquitaine was established only after that, so the race and culture of Aquitaine have a strong Roman-Gaul element. Today's French people (not counting Arab immigrants and black people) are basically divided into two major cultural systems: the French in the north and the Provence in the south. The former has more obvious Germanic traces, and the latter is a purer Latin-Gaul people. Provence is the first region in Western European history where a national standard language was formed. Although today's Standard French is based on Parisian colloquialism, its grammatical structure is deeply influenced by Provence. In today's French, another linguistic meaning of Provence is French.

Spanish: The earliest indigenous people in Spain were the Iberians (probably from North Africa, of whom the Basques are descendants). Later, the Celts invaded and gradually formed the Ibero-Celtics. The Carthaginians and Romans in North Africa both established colonies in Spain. Spain has been a province of the Roman Empire for a long time. The Romanization of Spain was very thorough. Not only did all the residents speak Romance languages ??(except the Basques), but it also became an important part of the empire. Four Roman emperors were born in Spain. . Then came the invasion of barbarians. The Vandals, Alans (belonging to the Caucasian-speaking group), and Suebi (also known as Swabishes) successively established their own kingdoms. But eventually the Teutonic Visigoths drove them out and replaced them. In the sixth century AD, the Visigothic king Le Carred abandoned the Arian heresy and converted to Catholicism. Since then, the Visigoths have fully integrated with the local residents. The Goths left a deep imprint on the Spanish bloodline. Unfortunately, at the beginning of the 8th century AD, the Berbers and Arabs from North Africa (called Moors by the Spanish) invaded and occupied most of Spain. Arab culture exerted an important influence over the remaining eight centuries. However, the influence of the Moors on the racial composition of Spain is limited, because Muslims and Christians have been highly antagonistic for a long time, both in the small Christian kingdom in the north and in the Moorish territories in the south, and formal intermarriage rarely occurs. . And when the Restoration Movement was finally completed in 1492. Queen Isabella and her husband Fernando II of Aragon were determined to force the Moors to convert, but because the Moors often ostensibly converted to God but secretly worshiped Islam, the Spanish monarchs had to establish the Inquisition. Strict screening. Later, even this troublesome work was abolished, and all the Moors were simply expelled. Therefore, descendants of Moors (who slipped through the net) can only be considered a minority in Spain. On the contrary, neighboring Portugal has many Moors.

Italians, the earliest inhabitants of Italy were the Etruscans (a brown race from North Africa). Then came the Latics of Asia Minor (supposedly descendants of the fleeing Trojans), while Sicily and the tip of the Apennines were inhabited by Greek colonists (the inhabitants of Sicily still speak a dialect mixed with Greek). The Romans, the mixed descendants of the Latins and Etruscans, eventually unified the entire peninsula. After the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, the Ostrogoths became the masters. This regime was supported by liberated slaves and the lower classes.

But it was eventually destroyed by Byzantium, that is, Justinian I of the Eastern Roman Empire. The surviving men were incorporated into the Byzantine auxiliary troops, and the women and children became slaves. The people who really had an important impact on Italy were the Longobards (Germanic people) who invaded Italy from the Papania steppe in the 5th century. They first controlled the Po River plain, and then used it as a base to move south and occupy Toss. kana.

Once threatened the Pope. Their descendants, the Lombards, are the main inhabitants of north-central Italy. During the Middle Ages, the towns of Upper Italy formed the Lombard League, implemented city-state autonomy, and resisted the invasion of the German emperor. But Italy took a different path. The Saracens occupied Sicily and later advanced to Naples. Even the Pope paid tribute to these Muslims for safety reasons. At the end of the 11th century, the Normans in Northern Europe expelled the Saracens and became the masters of Sicily and Naples. Due to the royal marriage, the Hohenzdaupen family in Germany. The Angevin families of England and France, the kings of Aragon, and the French Bourbons all once ruled Sicily. Therefore, the residents of southern Italy are very mixed, but their ancestry is dominated by Greek and Arabic elements.

Germans, Germany has always been called Germania Magna, the stronghold of various barbarian tribes. The inhabitants of the North German lowlands are mainly Teutonic and Saxon. The inhabitants of southern Germany, including Austria, are mainly Alemannic. There are many descendants of Slavs in East Germany, as can be seen from their names of So-and-so Tsky or Ski.

Balkans: Divided into the following ethnic groups: Croats-Serbs, although they have different religions, they have the same origin. Mendinegro people (ie Montenegrins), the so-called Muslim people. They are all Slavic. In addition, there are the Albanians: the ancient Illyrians whose historical origins can be traced back to the ancient Roman era: the Bosnians whose origins are unclear; and the Macedonians, whose numbers are not large and equally unclear.

Greece: I am talking about modern Greeks, who are actually a mixture of ancient Greeks, Byzantine Romans, and Turks. In modern Greek it is called by themselves: Romeik which is very illustrative.

Romanians: Derived from the barbarian Dacians, who had contact with the Romans. It once became a province of the Eastern Roman Empire, hence its name.

Bulgarians: They are the descendants of the Huns, but they are the descendants of mixed blood with the Slavs.

Hungarians: also known as the Magyars (mayzur), belong to the Finno-Estonian language family. Most historians believe they came from the Ural region. It has nothing to do with the Huns. Their territory was originally the Caroline Mark of Papania.

Ireland: Although it claims to be purely Celtic, the reality is not that simple. During the Norman rule in Western Europe, the Vikings once established a kingdom in Ireland. Beginning in the 12th century, English kings once again conquered Ireland. Therefore, not all Irish people may be Celts.

Corsicans: Believe in Orthodox Christianity and speak a dialect similar to Greek. They were once a dependent territory of the Genoese Republic.

Genoa and Venetians: Unlike other regions, these two regions have been under the protection of Byzantium for a long time after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. Therefore, it can be said that the people in these two regions are the closest to Europeans. The nation of the Romans.

The work of the Scandinavians, Vikings and Vikings.