My boyfriend is an immigrant from Canada, but he is not naturalized. He is just a permanent resident. I am a citizen of China. Is it a foreign marriage if you get married?

That depends on which country's passport your boyfriend holds. If it is China, it is certainly not a foreign marriage, because his nationality is still China.

Marriage formalities can be handled at domestic police stations or foreign embassies. Normal people prepare whatever they want to get married.

Going abroad for reunion should wait until you get a marriage certificate before applying for a visit visa or permanent resident status.