Cai Jia Sunflower Flower Sea Tour Time

Chongqing Cai Jiakui Flower Sea can be visited from 8: 00 am to 6: 00 pm every Monday to weekend, and many people need to make an appointment on weekends.

Botanical history

Sunflower, also known as sunrise flower, is named because its flowers often face the sun. The English name "Sunflower" is not because of its sunny characteristics, but because its yellow flowers are like the sun.

16-17th century sunflower borrowed the Latin Flos Solis. The French, Italian and Spanish names of sunflowers are Tournesol, Girasol and Girasol. Like Chinese names, they are also named according to the characteristics of "facing Japan".

In fact, sunflower is one of the crops with the most aliases in Chinese, so that it has become a classic example in linguistics to explain the phenomenon of synonyms between dialects. As mentioned in the classic textbook Linguistics Outline of Peking University, both of them are "sunflowers" and have different names in Chinese dialects.

Tangshan, Hebei is called Sunrise Turn, Chengde is called Sunrise Turn, Renqiu is called Sunflower Turn, Jinan, Shandong is called Sunflower Turn, Changle is called Sunflower Turn, Qixia is called Sunflower Turn, and Shaoyang, Hunan is called Pantou Guazi.

Although there are so many aliases, in the end, "sunflower" became a famous name and became the common name of this crop in the whole Chinese world. The earliest mention of this name is also a book in the late Ming Dynasty-Chronicle of Long Stories by Wen Zhenheng, and since then Chen Haozi's reading glasses and other works have also used this name. Obviously, "Sunflower" is a new name, which uses the old plant name "Sunflower".

Sunflower is one of several plants planted by aboriginal people in prehistoric North America, and it is a part of agricultural complex in eastern North America. Although it is generally believed that sunflowers were first domesticated in what is now the southeastern United States about 5000 years ago. But there is evidence that this species was domesticated in Mexico for the first time in 2600 BC.

These crops were found at the San Andres excavation site in Tabasco, Mexico. It is known that the earliest fully domesticated sunflower in the United States was discovered in Tennessee, dating back to around 2300 BC. Other very early examples come from rock sites in eastern Kentucky.

Many Native Americans used sunflowers as symbols of their sun gods, including the Aztecs and Otomies in Mexico and the Incas in South America. Sunflower is a common crop of Indian tribes in North America.

There is evidence that this plant was planted by contemporary American Indians in Arizona and New Mexico around 3000 BC. Some archaeologists think that sunflowers may have been domesticated before corn.

15 10, early Spanish explorers met sunflowers in America and shipped their seeds back to Europe. As we all know, among the four domesticated plants in the eastern continent of the United States, sunflower has become an important agricultural commodity, and sunflower is the most important economic plant in contemporary times. ?

In the18th century, the use of sunflower oil became very popular in Russia, especially among members of the Russian Orthodox Church, because according to some fasting traditions, sunflower oil was one of the few oils allowed in Lent.

/kloc-At the beginning of the 9th century, businessman Daniil Bokaryov commercialized sunflowers for the first time in Alekseyevka village of Voronezh province. He developed a technology suitable for large-scale planting and spread it quickly. Since then, the symbol of this town has included the image of sunflower.

Wild sunflowers are native to North America, but the commercialization of this plant took place in Russia. It was not until modern times that sunflower returned to North America and became a cultivated crop. But American Indians first domesticated plants into monocotyledonous plants, and the seeds were of various colors, including black, white, red, black and white stripes.

This exotic North American plant was brought to Europe by Spanish explorers around 1500. This plant is widely distributed in contemporary western Europe, mainly as an ornamental plant, but some medicinal plants have been developed. By 17 16, the British patent was granted the right to extract oil from sunflower seeds.

Sunflowers became very popular as cultivated plants in the18th century. Most of the credit goes to Peter the Great of Russia. The plant was originally used as an ornamental plant, but by 1769, it was mentioned in the literature that sunflower can be used to produce edible oil for planting.

By 1830, sunflower seed oil will be produced on a commercial scale. Russian Orthodox Church has increased the popularity of sunflower oil by banning most edible oils from Lent. Because sunflower seed oil was not included in the banned list, it immediately became popular as food.

By the beginning of19th century, Russian farmers had planted more than 2 million acres of sunflowers. During this period, two specific types were identified: oil products for edible oil production and two oil products for direct human consumption.

The government research plan was implemented. "V. S. Pustovoit" carried out a very successful breeding program in Krasnodar, which significantly improved the content and output of edible oil. The most prestigious sunflower science prize in the world is called Pustovoit Prize.

By the end of 19, Russian sunflower seeds entered the United States. By 1880, the seed company promoted "Mammoth Russia" sunflower seeds on the product leaflet. This special seed name was still available in the American market in 1970, which lasted for almost 100 years.

The source of this seed movement spread to North America may be brought by Russian immigrants. In the United States, the first commercial use of sunflower crops is as silage for poultry. 65438-0926, Missouri Sunflower Growers Association participated in the first process of processing sunflower seeds into oil.

Canada began to implement the first official sunflower breeding plan on 1930. The basic plant breeding materials used are from Mennonite Garden (immigrants from Russia). Due to the demand for edible oil, the planting area has spread. By 1946, Canadian farmers had built a small press factory.

Planting areas have also spread to Minnesota and North Dakota in the United States. 1964, the Canadian government authorized the planting of Russian variety "Peledovic", which has high yield and high oil content.

The increase of planting area in the United States has commercial benefits for the production of sunflower oil. In the mid-1970s, sunflower hybrid technology provided additional yield, enhanced edible oil and disease resistance. ?

Due to the strong demand for sunflower oil in Europe, the planting area in the United States was upgraded to more than 5 million hectares in the late 1970s. In the past few decades, Russia's export of sunflower oil has stimulated the demand in Europe. During this period, animal fats, such as those used for cooking, are negatively affected by cholesterol problems.

However, Russians can't meet the growing demand, and European companies are also paying attention to emerging industries in the United States. Europeans import sunflower seeds and crush them in European factories. Western Europe is still a large consumer of sunflower oil today, but it depends on its own production. The United States exports sunflower oil to Europe.