Distribution of surname Ni

The Ni family is a multi-ethnic and multi-origin surname group. Nowadays, there are places called Ni Lou in Tengzhou and Shanting in Shandong Province. According to research, these two places were the locations of the Er Kingdom in the Spring and Autumn Period. Of course, they were also the original birthplaces of the Ni surname and the surname of later generations. . After the state of Ni was destroyed by Chu, it gradually moved northward, and most of them settled in the land of Qiancheng. Later, they flourished and gradually became the commander of Qiancheng County with the surname of Ni. During the Warring States Period, some people from the Song Dynasty said that people with the surname Ni had settled in Henan during this period. During the Han Dynasty, the surname Ni (郳) was increasingly seen in historical annals. Except for Kuan, most of them were figures scattered in history books, such as the imperial concubine Nuju, the soldier Liang, the Yangzhou governor's proverb, the Jiuzhen prefect Shi, the Qiang Zhuku, and the Linhuai (now part of Anhui), Changqing, Meng, a native of Linzi, Qi State, etc. It can be seen that at this time, the surname Ni (郳) was still mainly spread in Shandong, and some people also entered the northern Anhui area. Later in the Southern Dynasties, Ni Qi, the prefect of Jiangyin, and Zuo Cheng, the minister of state, and Zhangshi Ni Shu, explained that during the Han and Wei dynasties, the surname had been changed to Ni, and that at this time, the surname Ni had moved to Jiangnan due to social unrest. . During the Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, the surname Ni was rarely seen in history books. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the distribution of Ni surname gradually spread in the north. Today, people with Ni surname are active in Hebei, Henan, Shanxi and other places. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, due to the Anshi Rebellion and the Huangchao Uprising, the people were in dire straits and miserable, so a large number of Ni surnames began to move to the south of the Yangtze River. During the Song Dynasty, many people with the surname Ni were recorded in history. Analysis from their place of origin shows that the surname Ni was distributed in Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Fujian and other places during this period. At the end of the Song Dynasty, due to the Yuan Shizu's aggressive campaign to suppress the remaining forces of the Southern Song Dynasty, wars broke out in Jiangnan, Zhejiang, and Fujian. Wherever the Yuan soldiers went, they burned, killed, and looted, and the people fled upon hearing the news. Therefore, the surname Ni gradually evolved into today's Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi and other places. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the people once again suffered disasters, wars and fires destroyed everything, and the population of East China, the Central Plains, and Central and South China dropped sharply. In the early Ming Dynasty, in order to restore the local economy, the Ming government immigrated in large numbers from Shanxi. As one of the surnames of the people who migrated to Hongdong Dahuai tree in the Ming Dynasty, the Ni surname was divided into places such as present-day Shandong, Henan, Jiangsu, Anhui, and Hebei. The Ni surname moved to Taiwan. During the Qing Dynasty, some Ni surnames crossed the sea from Fujian. During this period, there were also people with the surname Ni who traveled from Shandong to Guandong and went to the three northeastern provinces.

Today, the Ni surname is widely distributed across the country, especially in Jiangsu, Hubei, Shanghai and other provinces and cities. The Ni surname in the above three places accounts for about 60% of the Han Chinese Ni population in the country.

The Zhuji Ni Yang clan: The Zhuji Ni Yang clan was originally modified by the Ni clan. Looking out for thousands of chariots, he was sent to pick up the Ying Gong clan of the Ni family in Pujiang. Ni Zheng, the eighth grandson of Ying Gong, was a bachelor of Longtuge in the Song Dynasty. He was exiled to Xinzhou because he refused Wang Anshi's reform. Ni Zheng's youngest son, Ni Shun, was still in his infancy and was the heir of the whole clan. Ni Shun was hidden by his relatives in his grandmother's house in Gaipu (today's Meilian, Twelve Capitals, Yingdian Street). The government wanted to arrest him, but his grandmother, Meng, replaced him with his younger uncle of the same age, and Ni Shun was saved. When he grew up, he studied hard and achieved outstanding results. Later, in memory of the kindness of his maternal ancestors, the Yang family, he took the examination with his mother's surname Yang. He passed the examination in the third year of Yuanyou of the Song Dynasty (1088) and passed the imperial examination. As a gift to Dr. Ziguanglu, his right servant was She, the founding Duke of Shaoyang County, and his posthumous title was Wenzhen. Ni Shun is the ancestor of the Ni Yang family in Zhuji. The Niyang clan in Zhuji was so prosperous that by the fourth generation, the generation with the character "Qian" was divided into seven clans. Each sect compiled the genealogy independently and formed its own calligraphy school. There was a main ancestral hall built in Xuwuyang Village, Ciwu Town, but it has been destroyed.