What does it mean that the little toe has two petals?

Farewell, people with two little toenails are "sick", which is not a unique sign of any ethnic group's descendants. It is called "petaloid nail" in medicine, "Liszt's corn" in western medicine and "toe-toe" in our ancestors. As for "pure Han descendants" and "Xianbei descendants", that is an unscientific misunderstanding.

0 1, The Legend of Pure Han Chinese —— The story of Pure Han Chinese is told by the immigrants of Sophora japonica in Hong Tong. Its background story originated in the early Ming Dynasty. Due to years of war, Zhu Yuanzhang gathered people from Shanxi and moved them to different places in batches in order to supplement the population of the Central Plains.

Since ancient times, China has accepted the idea that "the fallen leaves return to their roots and the soul returns to their hometown". If it is not a major problem, people will not leave their hometown. Since Zhu Yuanzhang personally ordered the relocation, these people have concentrated under the big pagoda tree in Hongdong County, Shanxi Province, and then cut their little toenails in half with a knife to show their identity.

Miraculously, the descendants of these people are also two-toed toenails, so there is a legend that "people with two-toed toenails are pure Han Chinese."

Let's analyze this legend. "Migration of Sophora japonica in Hongdong" is really true. It happened from 1370 to 14 17. At least half of a family will move out, and those who go will naturally get compensation and travel expenses. Those who don't want to will be forcibly bound and escorted, and many people will suffer the pain of family separation.

There is a very clear migration record in the Ming Taizu Records:

In the twenty-second year of Hongwu (1389)1/month, "Zhangde, Weihui, Guide, Linqing and Dongchang in Henan are suitable places for dates, but the people are few and the land is suitable, and the people in Shanxi are narrow, so they are poor. I ordered the commander-in-chief of the rear army, Li Ke, and others to tell his people that they hoped that the immigrants would take an examination of abel tamata. If there were more impostors, they would be guilty, and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology would make a list. "

To show their identity, these immigrants cut their little toenails in two with knives. Of course, it is also said that the officers and men who escorted them ordered them to split their little toenails in two as a sign of identification to prevent them from escaping quietly on the road.

No matter what the reason, there has been a saying among the descendants of Shanxi people that "who is Gu Huai who moved here, took off his little toe and tested his armor".

However, this man-made trauma cannot be expressed in future generations by genetic means. This legend exaggerates the facts.

02. The legend of Xianbei people's descendants-let's talk about the Xianbei people's descendants in the Li Tang period. Its background story is the earlier Tang Dynasty. Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, found that his toes were very special, and his little toenails were actually two petals. He thinks that this characteristic of himself may be inherited from his mother and grandmother. After all, so are his grandmother Dugu and his mother Queen Dou. They are all Xianbei people with the same status.

Li Shimin also stopped by to investigate all the people in the palace and found that most people have two toenails, hence the saying that the toenails of the descendants of Xianbei people are two.

However, some researchers analyzed 72 1 Uighurs in detail, and found that the probability of petaloid nail was 5 1. 15%, and the probability of Han nationality was 58.97%. Even Portugal, Germany and Switzerland have petal-shaped nails.

Are they all descendants of Xianbei people? Obviously, this statement is also untenable, otherwise, with this recognition of ancestors, Europeans may also be recognized.

03. The Truth of Petal Nails-Autosomal Dominant Traits Petal nails were not formed by a generation of trauma, but were influenced by the environment when ancient people worked. Little toenails often rubbed, and after many generations of adaptation and change, genetic inheritance appeared. Accurately speaking, it is an autosomal dominant trait, which has nothing to do with nationality.

In order to reach this conclusion, the researchers went to the center of Hongdong County, Shanxi Province, and investigated 27 nuclear families (one of which is a complete three-generation relationship). The results are as follows:

The frequency of petaloid nail was 79.5 1%, of which 82.28% was male and 76. 15% was female.

In other words, this genetic trait is obvious in the local area, but it is not shared by 1 0,000% people. Some people grow petal-shaped nails at the age of five. If this identification method is adopted, many people will be kicked out of the genealogy, but foreigners or outsiders may become their descendants.

04. Identification of blood loss-it is also impossible to identify the kinship. The above identification statement is not credible and there is "identification of blood loss", which is an authoritative identification method in ancient times. It is recorded in Wen Zi Jail Collection and Nan Shi in detail, and it is also reflected in the ancient court dramas we watched, as well as the comedy Being a Sesame Officer starring Stephen Chow and The Official Biography of the Song Dynasty starring He Bing.

In fact, the method of dropping bone and the method of combining blood are unscientific. As long as the bone surface is crisp, most liquid can be dripped in, let alone human blood. If you put dog blood, mineral water and urine in it, the same effect will be achieved. The same is true of the method of combining blood. As long as two drops of blood are put together, regardless of whether their owners are related by blood or not and whether their blood types are the same, the result will inevitably merge.

If you put two drops of blood into the water, they will naturally dissolve in the water and then merge together, and the whole water will turn pale red.

If you want blood to fuse quickly, you can heat the blood vessels in advance, so that when two unrelated drops of blood are put together, they will fuse quickly into one drop. If you travel to ancient times, you can use this to confess a "good father". It's too dangerous to be the emperor's prince. At least you can recognize a prince as your father. The ancients didn't question the reliability of blood confession.

Of course, modern people don't need little toenails or blood bones to identify their ancestors or check their blood relationship, just do a DNA identification.