In what year did the Titanic sink?

1912.

RMS Titanic, also translated as Titanic, is an Olympic-class cruise ship under the British White Star Line, with a displacement of 46,000 tons. It was launched in Northern Ireland on March 31, 1909. Construction started at the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast Port, and it was launched on May 31, 1911. It was completed and trialled on April 2, 1912.

The Titanic was the largest passenger ship with the most luxurious internal facilities in the world at the time, and was known as "unsinkable". Unfortunately, the Titanic met with misfortune on its maiden voyage - it set out from Southampton, England, via Cherbourg-Octoville, France, and Cobh, Ireland, to New York, the United States.

At around 23:40 on April 14, 1912, the Titanic collided with an iceberg, causing the starboard bow to the middle of the ship to break, and five watertight compartments to flood. At about 2:20 a.m. the next day, the Titanic's hull broke into two pieces and sank 3,700 meters to the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean. Of the 2,224 crew members and passengers, more than 1,500 died, and only 333 of the victims' bodies were recovered.

The sinking of the Titanic was the deadliest maritime disaster in peacetime. Its wreckage was not rediscovered until 1985 and is currently protected by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.

Extended information

Cause of the accident

After the wreckage of the Titanic reappeared, the scientific expedition team collected metal samples for analysis and found that the cause of the "Titanic" "Important detail of the sinking: Naval architects only thought of increasing the strength of the steel, not its toughness.

A comparison test between the metal fragments of the wreckage and today's shipbuilding steel found that in the water temperature where the "Titanic" sank, today's shipbuilding steel can bend into a V shape when hit, while The steel on the wreckage broke quickly due to insufficient toughness.

This discovered the cold brittleness of steel, that is, at temperatures of -40°C to 0°C, the mechanical behavior of steel changes from ductile to brittle, leading to catastrophic brittle fracture. Steel made with modern technology will only become brittle at temperatures between -70°C and -60°C.

However, the engineers at the time cannot be blamed, because no one knew at the time that adding a large amount of sulfide to the steel-making raw materials in order to increase the strength of the steel would greatly increase the brittleness of the steel, leading to the formation of "Titanic" "The tragedy of sinking.

A team of marine forensic experts analyzed the rivets on the salvaged "Titanic" hull and found that the rivets fixing the steel plates of the hull contained abnormally large amounts of glassy slag particles, causing the rivets to become damaged. Becomes very brittle and prone to breakage. This analysis shows that under the impact of the iceberg, the rivets may have broken, causing the hull to disintegrate, and ultimately the "Titanic" was buried on the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean.

According to new research by British historian Tim Maltin, an extraordinary optical phenomenon - a mirage - was the reason the Titanic hit an iceberg and was unable to be rescued by a nearby ship.

In 1992, a British government investigation showed that the sinking of the Titanic may be related to superrefraction, but this possibility was not further studied until Maldin studied weather records and survivor testimonies. and the long-forgotten logbook.

Mardin discovered that that night, the atmospheric conditions in the sea area where the incident occurred were prone to super-refraction, and the light was abnormally bent, thus forming a mirage. This phenomenon caused several ships in the nearby sea area at that time to There are also records. Maldin said that the mirage prevented the observation deck on the Titanic from detecting the iceberg in time, and also prevented the freighter California from identifying the Titanic and communicating with the ocean liner.