What if the earth is uninhabitable in the future? What planets can people migrate to?

I am rather pessimistic about this problem. If the earth is not suitable for human habitation in the future, human beings may fall into tragedy. There is no planet in the solar system more suitable for human habitation than the earth.

The earth is the only known planet with life in the solar system and the only home for human beings. In any case, the environment on other planets is not suitable for human survival. In recent years, human beings have begun to worry about the living environment on the earth. It is good to be aware of the crisis in the living environment. If environmental pollution, land desertification, global warming and sea level rise are not well solved, the earth is likely to be uninhabitable in the near future. At that time, if humans didn't have enough scientific and technological strength to escape from the earth, wouldn't they be doing nothing? Even if we can sail freely in the solar system and go to those desolate planets outside the earth, can human beings still survive?

Illustration: Earth, the only home for human beings.

I think if human beings want to live on other planets, they must first globalize the planetary environment there. It is not easy to make a planet suitable for human habitation. This may require human beings to plan and act in advance, and it will take thousands or even tens of thousands of years to transform a planet into a habitable planet.

Like Mars. Mars is the second hometown of mankind in the eyes of scientists. It is not easy for Mars to become a second home. Now humans have not really landed on Mars, only the Mars probe. The atmosphere on Mars is thin, cold and dry, with no oxygen, and the harmful radiation is slight and extremely high. There is liquid water on Mars, but it is buried in the depth of 1500m below the surface of Mars, and it is also salt water that human beings can't drink directly. The living environment on Mars is hundreds of times worse than the worst environment on earth. Without large-scale transformation, human beings can't survive on Mars for a long time.

Illustration: The Millennium Reconstruction Plan of Mars conceived by scientists.

Leave Mars for Europa, Jupiter's moon. Europa is a planet rich in water resources. On Europa, humans are not worried about water shortage, but Europa is far from the sun, has no atmosphere, and its surface is very cold, with the temperature as low as MINUS 160℃. On the surface of Europa, Jupiter's powerful magnetic field can kill people instantly. This is definitely not a place to stay.

Scientists believe that there is a huge ocean under Europa's ice, where there may be strange Europa creatures. Can humans survive there? Yes, but you have to drill through Europa's hard ice shell dozens of kilometers thick before you can get there. Coming to the ocean under the ice of Europa, can human beings bear the great pressure of the sea there? At the bottom of the Mariana Trench, the deepest part of the earth, the seawater pressure can reach 1 100 atmospheric pressure, and it is almost impossible for humans to reach there, not to mention that the depth of the Europa Ocean is 10 times that of the Mariana Trench.

Illustration: Europa's ocean under the ice.

Leave Europa, continue to fly outside the solar system, and come to Titan. Is Titan suitable for long-term human habitation? It is the first livable planet in the eyes of scientists. But Titan's planetary environment also looks disappointing. Although Titan has a thick atmosphere, people don't have to worry about the pressure on it, but Titan is also a low-temperature planet. The surface temperature of Titan is-0/80℃. The low temperature of Titan turned methane, which was originally a gas on the earth, into liquid, forming a large methane lake. These futures can be used as human energy. But the oxygen needed to survive on Titan must be made by human beings themselves.

Illustration: methane ring on Titan.

Mars, Europa and Titan are three planets that look good in the solar system. Without large-scale transformation, it is impossible for human beings to move there to survive. However, in order to make these planets suitable for human habitation, we must globalize them and build a complete ecological environment like the earth. Otherwise, people can't live if they move there by themselves. Everybody says that, right?

At present, human science and technology and ability are not enough to rush out of the solar system, so we can only find a "refuge" in the solar system. At present, among all the stars in the solar system, except the earth, Mars is still the "most suitable" place for human habitation. Why use the word "still"? Because as early as decades ago, human beings have realized the importance of colonizing aliens, but in the detection of the nine planets in the solar system (then nine planets, now eight planets, Pluto has been "expelled"), only Mars is relatively mild.

Although the surface of Mars is covered with a thick radiation layer, there are no plants, no liquid water (there may be liquid water underground in 20 18 years) and no life. Of course, there are still some things on Mars, such as hurricanes exceeding the magnitude of Earth 12, sandstorms that cover the sun, and occasionally corrosive acid rain coming. It is hard to imagine that human beings can survive on this planet with bad environment. However, compared with other planets, Mars is relatively "mild".

Humans have also paid attention to Venus, but the transmitted data show that the surface temperature of Venus is as high as 480℃, its radiation elements are thousands of times that of the earth, and the temperature generated is 10000 times that of the earth. Besides, there are hurricanes and acid rain worse than Mars. Not to mention landing on it or approaching it, it is a disaster for mankind. As for other planets, don't even think about it, let alone humans, even machines can't survive.

According to the above, you will think that there is no hope for human beings to immigrate to other planets. But this idea is completely wrong. I don't know if you have seen the movie Interstellar. The last paragraph is a picture of human life on another planet. You begin to think that the living environment of human beings is no different from that of the earth, but as the lens changes, you find that human beings can only live in giant special buildings. Although there are green plants, water sources, tennis courts, various entertainment facilities and public facilities, we can't walk out of these giant buildings. But at least human beings and human civilization have been preserved and not completely reimbursed on earth.

You might be very happy. Wow, so we can really immigrate to other planets. Although we live in a huge building, it is better than destroying it with the earth.

It is still wrong for you to think so. Not everyone can enjoy this kind of treatment. You may have seen the sci-fi masterpiece 20 12 or Snow Country Train. The picture inside is very realistic. Only the richest people and the most valuable elites can get on the boat or train and have the right to save their lives. Ordinary people have no rights and qualifications. Even if you are lucky, you will still be treated as a slave. Rich people live in luxurious warehouses, enjoy wine and food, and even hold parties and dances. And those ordinary people who get on the boat or get on the bus can only be squeezed into a small and dirty warehouse like a mouse hole. Expect to get barely enough food every day. Even if it's disgusting, I'll swallow it. Because no one cares whether you eat or not, you may be taken away if you eat slowly.

Yeah, you really can't. Don't even think about it Social value and wealth are created by elites and a few rich people, and ordinary people only deserve labor in exchange for remuneration. Maybe you will say, nobody works, let the rich do it themselves. Haha, it's absolutely naive to think so. If you don't do it, people will rush to do it. Even if no one does it, there will be artificial intelligence. Robots are far more obedient than humans, and they don't eat or drink. These are the general trends in the future. What a ridiculous idea it is to keep equal pay for equal work.

Don't doubt my words, this is the reality. Of course, you don't have to feel unhappy or uneasy about it. Because no one knows what the future world will be like, and you have no chance to see that day, so you don't have to worry.

Well, the big lion is a little beside the point. Obviously, he wanted to talk about immigration with aliens, but even the social economy was brought in. However, I think there is some truth in what I said. what do you reckon ?

Besides the earth, is there any place in the solar system where humans can live? Facts have proved that this is a considerable problem. From our position, the solar system seems to be a rather small place. However, a surprising number of objects constitute a small corner of our universe-the solar system. Sure, there are eight planets. There are also five known dwarf planets. There are 146 natural satellites in our solar system. In addition, there are asteroid belts. The total area of the solar system can accommodate more than one trillion celestial bodies.

It is almost impossible to make a complete list of all possible habitable objects in the solar system. Even if I make such a list, it will look ridiculous, and you don't want to read it. Therefore, we will only make a simple overview of the objects we can live, and will not extend the theoretical limit too far.

Although both Mercury and Venus are terrestrial planets, they are not suitable for human survival. These two planets are close to the sun. They are very hot. The surface temperature of mercury can reach 427 degrees Celsius. In addition, because Mercury's atmosphere is very thin, the surface can't keep heat-at night, the temperature will drop to-179 degrees Celsius. This is too extreme to make habitability a viable option. Similarly, Venus's runaway greenhouse effect-intense heat and excessive volcanic activity-makes it unlikely to be a candidate. None of these planets have satellites. Let's go on.

Mars and the earth's moon are both feasible choices. So are Mars' moons Phobos and Phobos. These satellites are all small rock objects. They are small, such as Phobos, with a diameter of only 10 km, but the world is still habitable after all.

Elsewhere, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, these are gas giant planets in the solar system, which are not conducive to survival. Some of their satellites are still very promising.

Jupiter's four largest moons are promising, but also a little scary. Io volcanic activity is the most active celestial body in the solar system. However, some scientists think it is possible to live under the icy outer layer of Europa. Ganymede and Callisto are two other cold worlds. If we build underground colonies, these may sustain human life. However, Jupiter has a strong radiation belt. This tense environment will make life in the Jupiter system quite dangerous, if not completely fatal. Callisto is Jupiter's only large satellite far enough from the radiation belt to sustain human habitation.

Next came Saturn, and we arrived at Titan (one of the best candidates for habitability of the outer solar system). The average temperature of Titan is about-178 degrees Fahrenheit, which is quite cold. However, the temperature is not so high as to be uninhabitable. Enceladus is another satellite that may sustain human habitation. Again, it's cold, but not so cold that it's completely excluded.

When we arrive at Uranus, we will find some satellites that may be suitable for living. All these satellites are surprisingly far away, so it takes astronomical amounts of money and a long time to establish a colony there. Some people think that Neptune's triton is another possibility.

The last two options (Uranus and Neptune) do push the theoretical possibilities. Some of these worlds have liquid methane lakes, toxic atmospheres and a series of other obstacles that we need to overcome. However, if we have enough funds, we may develop the technology needed to create colonies in these cold worlds.

Finally, we can't even make the ecological environment on the earth run healthily. So I seriously doubt our ability to establish a permanent colony. However, if we want to start such an effort, the best candidates are the moon, Mars, Phobos, Callisto, Titan and Enceladus (not necessarily in this order).

That's it now. Of course, I ignored the asteroid belt and almost all the small satellites in the solar system. But, as I said, a comprehensive list will be very, very long (and possibly boring).

There will be future events in the future, and we can only predict and prevent them by certain means.

It's probably Mars, Europa and Titan. If it is farther away, such as a few light years, dozens of light years, hundreds of light years ... it is estimated that in the next few hundred years or even a thousand years, it will not be able to involve the cosmic airspace beyond tens of thousands of light years.

Don't be afraid of earthlings. The earth is the mother of the earth people. I'm afraid mother earth won't let the people on earth live. It's impossible. Don't believe what they say. It means that people on earth will evolve and develop well. No problem. Mother Earth won't give up her children, earthlings.

Don't even think that nature will remove the creatures that threaten him in stages! Like dinosaurs! Personal big! Tons There are many kinds! Plants grow too late, they can't finish eating! The scarcity of plants will affect the atmosphere and cause mass extinction! It's human's turn soon! Glaciers melt! Air pollution! Cosmic garbage! There will be another big clean-up ~ after the extinction of mankind, new species will rule the earth ~ if new species show off in an ostentatious manner again ~ continue to clean up! Ha ha laugh