Common knowledge about Japan

1. What should you pay attention to when going to Japan?

1. Don’t forget to take off your shoes in Japan and do as the Romans do when in Japan, whether you are entering a hotel room, visiting a Japanese home, or Whether it is entering a conference room or an office, in short, whenever you enter a house, you have to change your slippers, sometimes twice.

The custom of changing into slippers cannot be violated in Japan. Don't forget to take off your shoes before entering the house.

2. Always bring an umbrella with you when you go out. Japan has a maritime climate with unpredictable weather, so bring an umbrella to be prepared.

Bring a folding umbrella when traveling, but it is best to bring a long gentleman’s umbrella when going on business or visiting relatives. Because in Japan, there is an umbrella basket in front of most shops or even private houses. Umbrellas with long handles can stand in the basket, but folding umbrellas cannot be placed in the basket.

3. No need to tip when spending money. Japan, like many Asian countries, does not have the habit of tipping. Because a service charge of 10% to 15% has been added to the bill of a large hotel or restaurant.

If there is no special service in a taxi, there is no need to tip. As for consumption in beauty salons, barber shops, bars and nightclubs, there is no need to tip.

4. Drink tap water when you are thirsty. Tap water in Japan is drinkable directly. Stations and large public places have tap water spouts.

Large hotels and restaurants are equipped with mineral water for guests to drink. 5. It won’t work if you bring your own mobile phone. You don’t need to bring your mobile phone with you to Japan.

Due to the different standards, it is impossible to use your own mobile phone there. In addition, the voltage in Japan is 110 volts (mainly two-pin flat plugs), so if the battery charger for your own camera, video recorder, etc. is not compatible with 110-240 volts, you cannot use it.

6. Buy what you don’t buy. The quality of small household appliances in Japanese duty-free shops is very good and the prices are very cheap. It is generous and affordable to bring some back as gifts to relatives and friends.

It is not cost-effective to buy small boutique toys, clothes, shoes, etc. Most of them are made in China and are shockingly expensive. In addition, film and camera-specific lithium batteries are more expensive in Japan than in China, so you can bring more when going abroad.

Department stores and shops in Japan close around seven o'clock in the evening (only a few are open until nine o'clock), so it is almost impossible to go shopping at night. 7. The subway is convenient and cheap. If you want to go shopping by yourself in Japan, it is best to take the subway because it is the cheapest.

Japan’s subway transportation is very developed. The subway lines are as dense as a spider web. The subway stations go directly to the bottom of high-rise buildings, giving you a lot of room for travel choices. Consumption in Japan is very high, so taxis are of course very expensive.

If you have to pay for it yourself, it’s better to go out and take the subway. In addition, when traveling and staying in a hotel, if you don’t speak Japanese and go out on your own, it’s best to bring a business card from the hotel so you can get a ride back if you get lost.

8. It is inconvenient to exchange currency. In Japan, currency must be exchanged at a foreign currency exchange bank or other legal currency exchange place. In addition, you must show your passport.

However, Japanese bank exchange services are only available from 9:00 am to 3:00 pm. In addition, banks are closed all day on Saturdays, Sundays and major holidays.

Therefore, money can generally only be exchanged in hotels, but it is slightly more expensive than bank exchange. 9. Make phone calls. Red and pink phones: suitable for making domestic calls in Japan. Only ten yen coins (three cents of ten yuan) are accepted. Green and golden phones: can make international long distance calls and accept phone cards or ten yen or one hundred days. Yuan coins.

Of course it is best to buy an IP phone card. 10. Necessary items: There are few toothbrushes and toothpaste in hotel rooms in Japan. It is best to bring your own slippers. It is difficult to be on time for meals during the trip. Due to the high living index in Japan, it is best to bring some snacks so that you have something to eat when you are hungry. .

If you go in spring, it is best to wear a mask. If it snows in winter, you should also wear sunglasses and a hat. Do not wear high heels. There are many hot springs in Japan. If you want to enjoy them, it is best to bring your own related supplies.

2. What customs do the Japanese have?

Japanese people usually bow when meeting.

Generally, people bow to each other at 30 degrees and 45 degrees. The depth of the bow and bend are different, and the meanings are also different. The bow with the lowest bend and the most polite bow is called the "most polite bow". salute". When a man bows, his hands naturally hang down on both sides of his clothes. When showing respect to the other party, he usually places his left hand on his right hand and puts it in front of himself to bow. This is especially true for women.

In international interactions, Japanese people are also accustomed to shaking hands, especially young people or people who have more contact with Europeans and Americans. They have also begun to have the habit of shaking hands when they meet. When exchanging business cards, it is considered a courtesy that the person with lower status or younger status gives it to the other party first.

When handing over your business card, you should face the other party directly. Business cards are written as "name thorns" in Japanese, and women mostly use smaller business cards than men's business cards.

In social activities, Japanese people like to use self-effacing language, such as "please take care of me", "I am a poor person, I don't take good care of you", etc. They also often use self-effacing language when talking. When talking to Japanese people, do not point fingers while talking, and do not interrupt when others are speaking.

During the conversation, do not inquire about Japanese people’s age, marital status, salary, income and other private matters. Do not use words such as "senior" or "elderly" to older men and women. The older the person, the more taboo they are.

Japanese names generally have three to six Chinese characters, with the surname first and the given name last. Usually, people are addressed only by their surname and not by their first name.

Japanese people like to wear traditional clothing - kimono, paired with geta - on festivals and certain important occasions. The Japanese celebrate birthdays of the elderly by choosing years with specific meanings.

For example, 61 years old is "Huanli", which means that after 60 years old, it is 1 year old and rejuvenated; 70 years old is "ancient seven"; 77 years old is "xishou"; 88 years old is "rice longevity", because of the Chinese characters "Mi" can be broken down into eighty-eight; 99 years old is "Bai Shou", because adding a cross above the word "白" means "hundred". Most Japanese believe in Shinto and Buddhism. They don't like purple, which they think is a sad color; they are most taboo with green, which they think is an ominous color.

It is also taboo for three people to "take a photo" together. They think that being sandwiched by two people on the left and right in the middle is a bad omen. The Japanese are taboo about lotus and think it is a funeral flower.

Avoid using camellias and light yellow or white flowers when visiting patients. Japanese people are not willing to accept things or gifts with chrysanthemums or chrysanthemum patterns because it is a symbol of the royal family. Japanese favorite patterns are pine, bamboo, plum, duck, turtle, etc.

When communicating, there are rules for folding letters and affixing stamps. For example, avoid using double-layered envelopes when sending letters of condolences. Double-layered envelopes are considered to be a sign of misfortune; stamps for letters sent to lovers cannot be applied upside down, otherwise it will mean that Break off the relationship. Japanese people also have many taboos in their diet: they generally do not eat fat meat and pig offal, and some people do not eat mutton and duck; they are taboo about overfilling the rice when entertaining guests, and they are not allowed to fill a bowl with just one spoon; they are taboo about serving guests One bowl is enough for a meal. Eating only one bowl is considered to be a symbol of missed connections. It is taboo to arrange your clothes or touch or arrange your hair with your hands during the meal, because this is unhygienic and impolite behavior. Japanese people avoid using chopsticks when using them. Place on top of dishes.

In Japan, when greeting the waiter, you have to extend your arms upwards, palms down, and wiggle your fingers. The waiter will understand. When negotiating, the Japanese circle their thumb and index finger into an "O" shape. If you nod in agreement, the Japanese will think that you will give him a sum of cash.

In Japan, scratching one's scalp is a sign of anger and dissatisfaction. The Japanese have many language taboos, such as "bitterness" and "death". Even some words with homophones are also taboos. For example, the numeral "4" has the same pronunciation as death, and "42" has the same pronunciation as the verb to die. shape, so hospitals generally do not have rooms and beds of 4 and 42.

It is also taboo for users to use "42" in their phone numbers, and prisons generally do not have Cell No. 4. "13" is also a taboo number. Many hotels do not have "13" floors and "13" rooms, and Haneda Airport does not have "13" apron.

On festive occasions such as weddings, avoid using unlucky and ominous words such as going, returning, returning, leaving, breaking, thin, cold, shallow, extinguishing, repeating, again, breaking, and cutting off. When opening a store or completing a new store, avoid using words such as fireworks, bankruptcy, collapse, tilt, loss, decline, and words related to fire.

Avoid talking about people's physical defects in conversations. Do not use words such as big, short, fat, bald, pockmarked, blind, deaf, mute, etc. Instead, call disabled people people with physical disabilities, and call blind people people with no eyesight. Those who are free call deaf people those whose ears are not free, etc. When Japanese people give gifts, it is very popular to give gifts in pairs, such as a pair of pens and two bottles of wine. However, when giving red envelopes to newlyweds, it is taboo to give 20,000 yen and multiples of 2. Japanese people believe that the number "2" It can easily lead to the breakup of a couple's relationship, so it is usually given 30,000, 50,000 or 70,000 yen.

The color of gift wrapping paper is also particular. Black and white represent mourning, and green is ominous. It is not advisable to use red wrapping paper. It is best to use colorful paper to wrap gifts. The Japanese are very particular about their sitting posture.

In the company, Japanese people all sit on chairs, but at home, Japanese people maintain the traditional habit of sitting on "tatami". The correct way to sit on the tatami is called "zhengzai", which means kneeling on the ground with your knees together and your buttocks pressed on your heels.

Relaxing sitting methods include: "sitting cross-legged" and "sitting cross-legged": "Sitting cross-legged" means putting your buttocks in front of you and your buttocks on the ground. This is the male sitting method; "Sitting cross-legged" It means that the legs are slightly sideways and the body does not press the feet. This is often the way women sit. Nowadays, the number of young people who do not sit on "tatami" is gradually increasing.

3. Japanese Daily Etiquette

Japanese Etiquette Japanese people mostly bow when meeting.

Generally, people bow to each other at 30 degrees and 45 degrees. The depth of the bow and bend are different, and the meanings are also different. The bow with the lowest bend and the most polite bow is called the "most polite bow". salute". When a man bows, his hands naturally hang down on both sides of his clothes. When showing respect to the other party, he usually puts his left hand on his right hand and puts it in front of himself to bow. This is especially true for women.

In international interactions, Japanese people are also accustomed to shaking hands, especially young people or people who have more contact with Europeans and Americans. They have also begun to have the habit of shaking hands when they meet. In Japan, business cards are widely used, especially among businessmen, who have the habit of exchanging business cards when meeting for the first time.

When exchanging business cards, it is considered a courtesy that the party with lower status or younger status gives it to the other party first. When handing over your business card, hold it facing the other party.

Business cards are written as "name thorns" in Japanese, and most women use smaller business cards than men's business cards. The Japanese are very particular about their sitting posture.

In the company, Japanese people all sit on chairs, but at home, Japanese people still maintain the traditional habit of sitting on "tatami". The correct way to sit on a tatami is called "Zhengzai", which means kneeling on the ground with your knees together and your buttocks pressed on your heels.

Relaxing sitting methods include "sitting cross-legged" and "sitting cross-legged": "Sitting cross-legged" means putting your buttocks in front of you and your buttocks on the ground. This is the male sitting method; "Sitting cross-legged" is The legs are slightly sideways and the body does not press the feet. This is often the way women sit. Nowadays, the number of young people who do not sit on "tatami" is gradually increasing.

Japanese people treat others seriously, work efficiently, and show strong discipline and self-control. Appointments are always on time and rarely late.

The Japanese do not like tit-for-tat words and deeds and an impatient style, and regard being able to control one's actions as a virtue. They advocate treating others with a low profile, avoiding staring at each other when speaking, and bending and bowing to show humility. Upbringing. In social activities, Japanese people like to use self-effacing language, such as "please take care of me", "I don't take care of myself well", etc. They also often use self-effacing language when talking.

In daily life, Japanese people are modest, courteous and polite, and quarrels between colleagues and pedestrians are rare. When talking to Japanese people, do not point fingers while talking, and do not interrupt when others are speaking.

When conversing with more than three people, be careful not to ignore most people. During the conversation, do not inquire about Japanese people’s personal matters such as their age, marital status, salary and income.

Do not use words such as "senior" or "elderly" to older men and women. The older the person, the more taboo they are. It is better to speak less in public situations.

When taking the subway or bus in Japan, it is rare to see people talking loudly as if there is no one around. Unless you have made an appointment in advance, don’t visit a Japanese family rashly.

According to Japanese customs, drinking is an important etiquette. After the host pours wine for him, the guest must immediately take the bottle and pour the wine for the host. Only by pouring wine to each other can it show the equality and equality between host and guest. friendship. When pouring tea, the polite custom of Japanese people is to serve the tea until it is 80% full as the most respectful attitude towards the guests.

When Japanese people wish birthdays to the elderly, they choose years with specific meanings. For example, the age of 61 is "Huanli", which means that after 60 years, one year old is restored, and the child is rejuvenated; the age of 70 is "ancient age"; the age of 77 is "xishou"; the age of 88 is "mishou", because the Chinese character "rice" can be opened and changed Eighty-eight years old; 99 years old is "Bai Shou", because a cross above the word "白" means "hundred".

Japanese taboos that need to be noted: Taboos of faith: Most Japanese believe in Shinto and Buddhism. They do not like purple, thinking that purple is a sad color; they are most taboo about green, thinking that green is an ominous color. It is also taboo for three people to "take a photo" together. They think that being sandwiched by two people on the left and right in the middle is a bad omen.

Japanese people are taboo about lotus and think it is a funeral flower. Avoid using camellias and light yellow or white flowers when visiting patients. Japanese people are not willing to accept things or gifts with chrysanthemums or chrysanthemum patterns because it is a symbol of the royal family.

Japanese people’s favorite patterns are pine, bamboo, plum, duck, turtle, etc. Language taboos The Japanese have many language taboos, such as "bitter" and "death". Even some words with homophones are also taboos. For example, the numeral "4" has the same pronunciation as death, and "42" has the same pronunciation as death. verb form, so hospitals generally do not have rooms and beds of 4 and 42.

It is also taboo for users to use "42" in their phone numbers, and prisons generally do not have Cell No. 4. "13" is also a taboo number. Many hotels do not have "13" floors and "13" rooms, and Haneda Airport does not have "13" apron.

On festive occasions such as weddings, avoid using unlucky and ominous words such as going, returning, returning, leaving, breaking, thin, cold, shallow, extinguishing, repeating, again, breaking, and cutting off. When opening a store or completing a new store, avoid using words related to fireworks, bankruptcy, collapse, tilt, loss, decline, and fire.

Avoid talking about people's physical defects in conversations. Do not use words such as big, short, fat, bald, pockmarked, blind, deaf, mute, etc. Instead, call disabled people people with physical disabilities, and call blind people people with no eyesight. Those who are free call deaf people those whose ears are not free, etc. Behavioral taboos Japan is known as a disciplined society, and people's behavior is restricted by certain norms.

In formal social occasions, men and women must wear suits and formal wear, and avoid being disheveled, behaving awkwardly, and making loud noises. When communicating, there are rules for folding letters and affixing stamps. For example, avoid using double-layered envelopes when sending letters of condolences. Double-layered envelopes are considered to be a sign of misfortune; stamps for letters sent to lovers cannot be affixed upside down, otherwise it means breaking up the relationship.

Japanese people also have many taboos in their diet: they generally do not eat fat meat and pig offal, and some people do not eat mutton and duck. Serve a bowl well; it is taboo for guests to eat only one bowl, and eating only one bowl is considered to be a symbol of missed opportunities; it is taboo to arrange one's clothes or touch or arrange hair with hands during the meal, because this is unhygienic and impolite behavior; Japan When using chopsticks, avoid placing them on top of dishes. In Japan, when greeting a waiter, you have to extend your arms upwards, palms down, and wiggle your fingers. The waiter will understand.

When negotiating, the Japanese circle their thumb and index finger into an "O" shape. If you nod in agreement, the Japanese will think that you will give him a sum of cash. In Japan, scratching one's scalp is a sign of anger and dissatisfaction.

Social taboos: When Japanese give gifts, it is very popular to give gifts in pairs, such as a pair of pens and two bottles of wine. However, when giving red envelopes to newlyweds, it is taboo to give 20,000 yen and multiples of 2. , Japanese people believe that the number "2" can easily lead to the breakdown of a couple's relationship.

4. Some common sense about Japan

1. The minimum displacement of motorcycles driven on Japanese highways is 250cc. (I don’t understand, so I asked the Japanese specifically.)

2. Yes, most Japanese families are still Japanese-style. However, we are not so particular now, and we usually eat while sitting down. There are also some families that use a mix of Western and Japanese styles.

3. More than half of modern Japanese women continue to work after marriage, including full-time and part-time workers. And the number of women holding higher positions in companies is gradually increasing.

4. The monthly income of ordinary people in Japan varies from place to place. For formal employees, the monthly income in a prosperous city like Tokyo is basically between 200,000 and 500,000, and in relatively remote provinces, the monthly income can be as low as hundreds of thousands. Those who work part-time are calculated on a daily or hourly basis, and their monthly income is similar. However, since there is no year-end bonus and various insurances and benefits, the annual income will be much less.

5. The death penalty in Japan is hanging.

5. Do you have any common sense about living in Japan?

◆Tipping: Japanese restaurants and hotels include service charges, so there is no need to tip.

◆ Time difference: Japan time is one hour ahead of China time. For example: Beijing time is 8 o'clock, Tokyo time is 9 o'clock.

◆ Currency: US dollars and Japanese yen can be exchanged at the airport and banks. You need to hold your own passport. The exchange rate is based on the local bank's foreign exchange rate on the day. Japanese bank exchange services are only available from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. Banks are closed on Saturdays, Sundays and major holidays.

◆Taxi: Taxis are very common in Japan and can be found everywhere, but the fees vary. ◆Shopping: In Japan, all goods are subject to an 8% consumption tax.

Products in stores generally do not include consumption tax, which is added at checkout. ◆ Telephone usage: To call Dalian: 001 (International) + 86 (China) + 010 (Beijing) + the phone number you want to call.

◆ List of business hours of major service places in Japan: Name: Monday to Friday, Saturday, Sunday and holidays Bank 9:00-15:00 Closed Post Office 9:00-17:00 Closed Department Store Convenience stores are open 24 hours a day from 10:00 to 19:00 or 20:00.

6. Please provide relevant knowledge about Japan

According to Japan's oldest historical books "Kojiki" and "Nihon Shoki", the first emperor of Japan - Jimmu The emperor founded the country and ascended the throne in 660 BC. The date of his accession is equivalent to February 11 in the current Gregorian calendar, so this day is designated as the "Foundation Day".

In fact, until the 11th century AD, there were more than 100 small kingdoms throughout Japan. After a long period of time, in the 4th century AD, these small countries were gradually unified and the Yamato Dynasty was established in Kansai.

According to Japanese officials, today's Emperor Akihito is the 125th emperor of the Yamato dynasty's "eternal line". At this time, China had entered the Jin Dynasty.

In the early 5th century, the Kingdom of Yamato reached its peak, and its power expanded to the southern part of the Korean Peninsula. In the 6th century, Confucianism was officially accepted, and Buddhism was also introduced to Japan.

In 645 AD, the Taika Reform occurred, establishing a centralized state system with the emperor as the absolute monarch. In the 7th century, Empress Suiko's nephew Prince Shotoku followed the example of the Sui and Tang Dynasties, determined political innovation, and implemented the "Dahua Reform" in an attempt to imitate the Tang Dynasty legal system and establish a centralized state with the emperor as the absolute monarch.

It is a pity that Prince Shotoku died before his ambition was fulfilled, and his great innovation was also wasted. Legend has it that Prince Shotoku once sent a special envoy, Ono, to China with a letter of credence stating that "The Eastern Emperor respects the White Emperor". As a result, the most powerful Emperor Sui Yang was furious. However, Ono became a key player in the cultural exchange between China and Japan in ancient times. The pioneer of bridge paving.

In 710 AD, Japan established its capital "Heijo-kyo" (now Nara City and its suburbs), marking the beginning of the Japanese royal family's transition from the Kofun Period to the Nara Period, and also ushered in the prosperous period of the Ritsuryo State.

During the Nara Period and the previous Kofun Period, male and female emperors basically ruled the world separately. 8 of the 18 emperors were female. For the next 900 years, they were all male emperors until 1633, when Empress Meisho ascended the throne during the Tokugawa Shogunate. .

At the end of the 8th century, Japan moved its capital to "Heian Kyo" (now Kyoto), beginning the Heian period, which was a turning point in Japanese history. In the 10th and 11th centuries, the Fujiwara family, a relative of the imperial family, monopolized political power for 200 years, and imperial power began to decline.

After the Zen throne, several emperors were forced to retire to the temple to stay with the ancient Buddha of Qingdeng. This period is called the "Age of Yuanzheng" by historians.

At the end of the 12th century, it entered a military feudal state in which the samurai class held real power, which was known as the "shogunate" period in history. In the late 13th century, the samurai rule of the shogunate began to face difficulties, and the Kamakura shogunate gradually embarked on the road to destruction.

In the first year of Onin (1467), the "Onin Rebellion" broke out, and Japan entered the 100-year Warring States Period. During the Warring States Period, there were many heroes in Japan. Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and Tokugawa Ieyasu competed for supremacy in troubled times. Finally, in the fifth year of Keicho (1600), Tokugawa Ieyasu launched the Sekigahara War and established the Tokugawa regime.

In the eighth year of Keicho (1603), the Tokugawa Shogunate was established, and the Warring States Period ended. Tokugawa Ieyasu was granted the title of General to conquer barbarians and established the shogunate in Edo.

For more than 260 years, the Tokugawa family ruled Japan. This period was called the Edo period. The Tokugawa shogunate strictly controlled the emperor, nobles, temples and shrines, and ruled over the peasants who supported the shogunate system.

In the ninth year of Yuanwa (1623), Tokugawa Iemitsu, the third generation general of the Tokugawa family, took office and ordered the country to be closed. Except for opening Nagasaki as an external port, all foreigners were prohibited from coming to Japan. The Japanese traveled overseas. Due to the seclusion, the shogunate system ushered in a period of stability.

However, with the development of industry and commodity economy, the self-sufficient management system of farmers collapsed, and the shogunate system began to waver in the 18th century. At the end of the Edo shogunate, natural disasters continued, the shogunate's rule was corrupt, and the people were in dire straits.

Moreover, the shogunate's financial difficulties made most of the middle and lower-level samurai increasingly dissatisfied with the shogunate. At the same time, the Western capitalist powers used strong ships and cannons to knock on the door of Japan, which had been closed for more than 200 years.

Under the dual pressure of internal and external troubles, the Japanese gradually realized that the only way to become rich and powerful was to overthrow the shogunate rule and learn from capitalist countries. So a vigorous movement to reverse the curtain began.

On January 3, 1868, the "Overthrow Faction" of the Restoration Power successfully launched a coup, forcing the 15th Tokugawa Shogun Tokugawa Yoshiki to hand over power, and the newly enthroned Emperor Meiji promulgated " The imperial edict "Restore the Imperial Government" was the "Meiji Restoration" in Japanese history. Japan has since embarked on the path of capitalism, opening the curtain of modern history.

7. Little knowledge about Japan

The most prominent feature of Japan’s industrial distribution is its proximity to the sea. Industry is mainly concentrated in the Pacific coast, especially the so-called "three bays and one sea" area, namely Tokyo Bay, Ise Bay and Osaka Bay, and the coastal areas of the Seto Inland Sea. It starts from Kashima on the east side of Tokyo Bay, goes west through Chiba, Tokyo, Yokohama - Suruga Bay coast - Nagoya - Osaka, Kobe - Seto Inland Sea coast, and finally reaches Kitakyushu, which is 1,000 kilometers long, including Keihin and Nakakyo The five major industrial zones including Hanshin, Setouchi, Kitakyushu and their adjacent zones form an east-west strip area, often called the "Pacific Strip Industrial Zone". This zone accounts for approximately 24% of the country's total area, but has 60% of Japan's population and number of factories, more than 67% of the total number of workers, 75% of the industrial output value, 95% of the equipment capabilities of large steel complexes, and the heavy chemical industry More than 90% of the output value. In particular, the newly built resource-based industries that consume a large amount of raw materials after the war are all distributed in this area, becoming a typical representative of coastal industrial zones. The Pacific Belt Industrial Zone is one of the most developed industrial areas not only in Japan but also in the world. The main reasons why Japanese industry is highly concentrated in this belt-like area are: first, most of the raw materials and fuels for Japan's industrial development rely on import, and most of the products rely on export. Facing foreign markets is the basic starting point for Japan's industrial layout after the war. At many professional terminals on the Pacific coast, imported raw materials and fuels are often transported directly into production workshops through automatic flow transfer lines and processed on-site; at the same time, the products produced are also shipped directly by sea ships through professional export terminals. All over the world. Therefore, in this sense, giant ships and ports have become the source of Japanese industrial raw materials and fuels and the sales place for products. In this way, it not only saves land, but also shortens the production cycle and can obtain huge economic benefits. The change in the geographical composition of resource sources after the war, that is, from the side facing the Sea of ??Japan (such as China, Korea, etc.) before and during the war to the side mainly facing the Pacific (such as Southeast Asia, Oceania, Europe, North America, etc.) after the war Africa, Latin America, etc.) is the direct reason why industry is increasingly concentrated on the Pacific coast. Second, give full play to the superior location conditions of island countries. Japan has a long coastline, and there are many excellent harbors along the coast, especially the Pacific coast. The water is deep and the harbor is wide, the waves are calm, and the tidal range is not large. It is suitable for the construction of Palembang and deep-water terminals to facilitate the berthing of large or super cargo ships.

At present, the harbor areas along the Pacific coast not only provide convenient conditions for the import of raw materials and the export of products, but also the increasing size of ship structures has resulted in low sea transportation costs. Third, although Japan's coastal areas are already very dense and land is in short supply, land reclamation has made land prices cheaper in recent years, which is conducive to investment and factory building. Fourth, the major industrial zones along the coast are the areas where Japan's industry, cities and population are most concentrated, and are therefore also the largest consumers of domestic industrial products, realizing the economic principle of keeping production sites close to consumption sites. Fifth, in the process of implementing the policy of focusing on the development of chemical and chemical industries, Japan has invested heavily in building public transportation facilities and adding transportation lines in coastal areas, thus providing various convenient conditions for the layout of new factories. The high concentration of industrial distribution in Japan is very unbalanced overall, and an overly concentrated layout is unreasonable; but within an enterprise, the layout is compact, uses less land, and is easy to contact with other enterprises. Technically It is reasonable and has high economic benefits.

However, after years of development in Japanese industry, the original industrial zones have become overcrowded and in a state of saturation. Currently, the issue of industrial redistribution has been raised. The industrial layout begins to disperse to other places, and the general trend is: (1) extending to the surrounding inland parts of the original industrial zone and its periphery, especially those technology-intensive industries; (2) expanding to consumption areas; (3) Move towards areas with abundant labor resources; (4) Establish local industrial strongholds in areas with backward industries. In addition, Japan has also invested heavily in building factories overseas, processing raw materials locally, and then shipping semi-finished products back to Japan.