When did the Maritime Silk Road begin?

South Korea and Japan are connected by sea.

Indian merchants came to China from the sea via Sumatra and Malacca, and transported silk to India and Rome [source request].

[Editor in Charge] Qin

Xufu eastbound

[Editor] Han Dynasty

Korea and Japan are connected by the sea.

South from Rinan, Xuwen, Hepu Tongdu Guoyuan, Fugandu Luguo, Huangzhiguo, Pizongguo and Chengcheng Buguo (now Sri Lanka) [1].

[Editor] Three Kingdoms

In four years (225), Fan Fangwang of southern Fujian sent an envoy to Wu, and it took four years to present colored glasses. Sun Quan sent the corps commander Kang Tai to help the south.

In the fifth year of Huang Wu (226), merchants from Daqin came to Jiaotoe and Jianye (now Nanjing).

[Editor] Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties

Faxian traveled westward by land, then returned to China by sea, and went from Domiti to Laoshan Mountain in Shandong via Lion Country and Yebo.

Countries that trade with China: Persia, Tianzhu, Lion Country, Funan, Poland,

[Editor] Sui Dynasty

Countries that trade with China: Songkhla, Dandan [2], Pan Pan, Zhenla and Boli.

[Editor] Tang Dynasty

In the mid-Tang Dynasty, Tubo occupied the northwest, the land traffic was blocked, and the maritime traffic was more prosperous [3].

Countries that trade with China: East Rome, Italy, Persia, Tianzhu, Lion Country, Dandan, Pan Pan and Sambuchi.

Route: Set sail from Quanzhou or Guangzhou, passing through Hainan Island, Guo Huan (in modern Vietnam), Mendu, Guwan, Longyamen, Luoyue, Sri Lifo, Hu Ling, Guluo, Koguryo, Shengdeng, Bulu, Lion, Nantianzhu, Brahman, Xinduhe and TiLuo Lu.

Tang people emigrated overseas.

[Editor] Song

The Song Dynasty was successively in Guangzhou, Lin 'an Prefecture (Hangzhou), Qingyuan Prefecture (Mingzhou, now Ningbo), Quanzhou, Banqiao (now Yinghai Town of Jiaozhou), Huating County (now Songjiang), Zhenjiang Prefecture, Pingjiang Prefecture (Suzhou), Wenzhou, Jiangyin Army (now Jiangyin) and Jiaxing Prefecture (Xiuzhou). [4] Among them, Guangzhou, Quanzhou and Mingzhou are the largest. Quanzhou became the largest port in the world and the starting point of the Maritime Silk Road in the late Southern Song Dynasty.

Countries that trade with China: Zhancheng, Zhenla, Sanfo Qi, Kelantan, Boni, Ba LAM Raymond, Lanburi, Diche, Sanyu, Dashi, Daqin, Persia, Baida, Majia, Lu Yi, Jiulin, Xilan, Dengliumei, Zhongli, Zhigento, Sigariye and Mulan.

[Editor] Yuan Dynasty

Countries that trade with China: Mishima, Minduolang, Zhenla, Wuzhiba, Danmaling, Rili, Mali Road, Pahang, Kelantan, Dingjialu, Baduma, Jianshan, Sulu, Banzul, Wenlaogu, Lingshan, Huamianguo, Li Xia, Mana, Shalibadan, Tatu and Hu Si.

[Editor] Ming Dynasty

Zheng He's voyages to the West include: Zhancheng, Java Island, Jiugang, Manlaga, Yalu River, Sumatra, Orphans, Boni, Little Glen, Pahang, Ceylon Mountain, Mishima, Sulu, Luzon, Slippery Mountain, Grand Slanting, Batuma, Kezhi, Nanwuli, Guri, Kambaye and Mukelang.

Ming Hui Dian recorded 130 tributary countries, including 62 countries in the southeast sea, including Annan, Sulu, Ceylon, North Korea, Japan, Ryukyu and Java.

[editor] maritime ban

[Editor] Yuan Dynasty

At the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, due to foreign wars, the sea was banned for four times. The fourth sea ban lasted from the seventh year of Injong's extension (1320) to the second year of Injong (1322). 1322 Quanzhou, Guangyuan (Ningbo) and Guangzhou Shipping Department moved, and the sea was no longer closed.

[Editor] Ming Dynasty

In the third year of Ming Hongwu (1370), Taicang Huang Du Shipping Company closed down to resist foreign goods. In the seventh year of Hongwu (1374), three shipping companies in Quanzhou, Mingzhou and Guangzhou were abolished. In the 14th year of Hongwu (138 1 year), people in coastal areas were forbidden to have liaisons with other countries on the grounds that "the Japanese pirates have not yet gathered their footprints". In the 23rd year of Hongwu (1390), the Traffic Order for Foreign Merchants was promulgated. In the twenty-seventh year of Hongwu (1394), all people were forbidden to buy, sell and use imported incense and counterfeit goods. In the thirty years of Hongwu (1397), it was forbidden to enter the customs by imperial edict.

The laws of the Ming Dynasty provided severe punishment for violating the prohibition of maritime navigation: "Traitors, dignitaries, soldiers or civilians built ships with more than three masts, went out to sea with prohibited items, traded in foreign countries, sneaked into pirates, conspired to gather people, robbed good citizens as guides, the principal criminals were beheaded according to their own laws, and the whole family sent border guards to fill the army. Those who build the seagoing ships mentioned in the preceding paragraph and sell them to foreigners for profit should be compared with those who should be banned from going to sea. Therefore, the military intelligence law is adopted and chopped first for the followers to send troops. " "Anyone who dares to exchange goods privately will be severely punished. All the incense and goods are not allowed to be sold, and the existing ones are sold out in March. " (Daming law).

Yongle was once relaxed, and after the death of Ming Chengzu, the Ming Dynasty was once again banned from the sea.

From the first sea ban issued in the first year of Hongwu (A.D. 1368) to the reopening in the first year of Qin Long (A.D. 1567), the Ming Dynasty was closed to the sea for nearly 200 years. During this period, Portugal and Spain began to sail. 1557, the Portuguese have arrived at the gate of China and established the Macao colony.

[Editor] Qing Dynasty

The maritime ban from Shunzhi to Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1655- 1684, A.D. 17 17- 1728).