What was the war that changed the world pattern 500 years ago and which city decided it?

At a certain period in history, there will be some big shots or some big events. For example, Sakyamuni, Confucius, Socrates, and later Edison, Tesla, Einstein and others all concentrated in one era. Around 1453, China was in the Ming Dynasty, and the fifteenth year of Wanli and the Ming Dynasty 1566 were the turning points of China.

For the world, this period has also been turned upside down. The dark European Middle Ages ended, the Hundred Years' War between Britain and France ended, the Roman Empire officially perished, and the Islamic forces reached the historical peak. The global food crisis triggered by the Little Ice Age made mankind survive the fittest in a cruel struggle. At this time, the fall of the ideal city directly changed the world pattern. Although this war has passed more than 500 years, it still affects the situation in the world today.

Cities that affect the world

If readers have been to Chuzhou and Jiayuguan, and have seen the checkpoints and mountain roads with mountains on both sides and a "line of sight" in the middle, they can appreciate how cruel the ancient war was.

If both sides are equipped with machine guns and cannons, how many people will it take?

Known as the "heart of Europe" and the "crossroads" connecting the East and the West, Constantinople not only has the military advantage of "one person defends it, but also is a cornucopia in peacetime.

Because Constantinople (now Istanbul) guards the Bosphorus, connecting Asia and Europe on one side and the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea on the other.

The throat of the world is a symbol of wealth and status, except for military strategists.

Because of this, Constantinople is not only the lair advertised by European Christianity, but also the ancient capital of thousands of years.

Even today, after the Ottoman Empire struggled for 600 years, the empire was divided and the land was divided by the great powers. They still cling to this place.

In order to capture the city, their ancestors prepared for it for 700 years. The battle of Constantinople seems to be a life-and-death confrontation between the Ottoman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire, but it is actually a struggle between Christianity and Islam. How tragic is this war that makes Christians in the whole West cry?

The most difficult condition of war is to be prepared.

Fighting is not military, but the comprehensive strength of a country, which is the logistics support and economic foundation.

700 years ago, Muhammad Ⅱ's ancestors fought in Constantinople. The result was hit by the iron wall there and ran away. Muhammad Ⅱ, the Ottoman sultan who worships Caesar, was gifted and cruel, and decided to be the second Caesar.

To this end, he implemented a tolerant ethnic and religious policy, not only the tax revenue was lower than that of the neighboring Roman Empire, but also gave his people full freedom of religious belief.

As a grassland nation, the Ottoman Empire was able to develop from a backward nomadic tribe across Eurasia and maintain the empire for more than 600 years, relying on modest knowledge.

After hundreds of years of absorbing the military, science and technology, culture and politics of the Roman Empire, it has basically matured here in Muhammad Ⅱ.

The Black Death and the 30-year civil war within Christianity gave Muhammad hope, but he was still a little worried.

One is a thousand-year-old country, clinging to the stubborn forces behind narrow and conservative culture.

One is an emerging empire, a new force with open mind and courage to innovate.

Why did all the ancient empires finally perish? Let's take a look at how the immigrant "small country" with a history of less than 200 years before and after World War II became the world hegemon.

Thought is the root of all problems. No matter how proud the Millennium culture is, it will look so pale and powerless in the face of high technology.

The contest between blood and fire

As far as wisdom and courage are concerned, the last emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire is no less than Muhammad Ⅱ.

But the last emperor was like this. Even if he had superhuman powers, the empire was already terminally ill. Chongzhen worked hard, but what did he get in the end?

When the Ottoman Empire's 200,000 troops besieged Constantinople with 5,000 men, there was a sharp contradiction between the Orthodox Church and Catholicism in the Roman Empire, which was once the head of the family. Although there were few people in the Roman Empire, it almost dragged the enemy to death because it occupied the absolutely superior terrain.

They only used troops and civilians to guard the narrow bay, making it impossible for the Ottoman fleet to reach the gate.

Muhammad Ⅱ, who had no way out at sea, had a big brain hole and wanted to go to a warship on land.

Under his command, the elites of the Ottoman Empire designed the railcar 600 years ago. However, these lubricated wooden tracks are not trains, but warships.

When the dark warships of the Ottoman Empire were deployed at the gates of Constantinople like demons, the whole castle was shocked.

This is impossible, absolutely impossible! But the facts tell us that nothing is impossible in wartime. What makes the castle even more terrible is still behind, that is, the black technology at that time.

Science and technology are the primary productive forces that determine war.

When Hungarian urban came to the Eastern Roman Empire, which he admired for a long time, he was greeted with cynicism and leftovers.

The artillery expert, who was considered a liar, went to the Ottoman Empire, the enemy of the Roman Empire.

This time, like Han Xin, he was not only personally received by Sultan Muhammad Ⅱ, but also received a huge sum of money to set up an artillery research and development institution under his own jurisdiction.

This reminds me of the Ming Dynasty Huoti camp, which was proud of its large amount of Mingfen, and was later beaten by prairie people with cannons. Hou Daizi, an artillery who invented the "machine gun" during the reign of Kangxi, was exiled by Kangxi.

Muhammad Ⅱ, who attached importance to science and technology, noticed the power of science and technology 600 years ago. Urban did not disappoint the monarch. He not only invented the artillery that could be disassembled at will for the Ottoman Empire, but also moved the artillery foundry directly to the front line, where it was directly fried and sold, which greatly saved the transportation cost.

Urban's 8-meter cannon cast for the Ottoman Empire and marble stone bullets were absolutely the first in the world at that time.

When these things rained down on Constantinople, the huge roar and unprecedented lethality brought more psychological fear to the soldiers guarding the city than physical fear.

With the help of science and technology, Muhammad Ⅱ finally captured the ancient city occupied by Christianity for thousands of years, making the Roman Empire disappear from the earth.

Then, there was a bloody massacre and a crazy robbery.

Muhammad Ⅱ's next goal is to destroy the whole Christian power and spread Islam to any part of the world.

230 years later, his expansion was officially stopped in Vienna.

It was after the fall of Constantinople that Islam and Christianity formally recognized each other and began a tit-for-tat contest.

Once Constantinople, now Istanbul still has a pivotal position in Europe.