Classical Chinese describing good financial management

1. Classical Chinese translation: "Ada Finance" Ada also recruited people who are good at walking, which is very valuable. In Dongming County, Shandong Province, a diligent and capable person was selected as the official of the academy: "Yan often does everything to save the nation.

Liu Yanqin is politically diligent and keeps prices low. In Tang Suzong's time, its price was very low.

At that time, the economy of the Tang Dynasty was very depressed, which reduced losses and losses. He is clever and capable, and he is still preparing accounts for translation reference.

Ada timely and accurately grasped the national economy and market dynamics, and then sold it to salt merchants at a higher price, trained soldiers to transport grain, so that river boats would not enter the Bianshui River, and transported grain from Jianghuai to Chang 'an. Compared with the past method of transporting migrant workers directly in Jiangnan area, this method has improved efficiency.

Every ten days, in exchange for farmers' local products and sundries to resell in the harvest area, only 600,000 yuan a year, each inspection department collects the amount of rain and snow in each county, but uses * * * salt to hire boatmen to reform the financial system and take charge of finance. When Ada handled grain transportation.

He set up patrol officers in various roads to manage patrol hospitals. At the same time, more grain and millet were purchased and shipped to areas with poor harvests.

He followed Pei Yaoqing's method and gradually improved the finance of the Tang Dynasty. The standard of employing people was no commission and honesty. In the second year of Guangde, Tang Daizong (764), the salt monopoly system was adjusted, and the method of "hunger and cheapness" was often adopted to control the salt policy in two aspects: day and night and wholesale.

So the grain from Jianghuai was continuously transported to Chang 'an, which prevented the poor grain from hurting farmers, and the distribution of various departments and counties and the quality of crops changed, changing the law of official transportation and official sales of salt stipulated by Su Zong and Wu Qi. Because Ada was a local official in Ada (7 16-780) for a period of time.

In the feudal society where officials are greedy and violent, they are loyal to their duties and concurrently serve as transport envoys, so they must choose smart, diligent and diligent people. Later, a large number of financial experts were selected to develop production and became finance ministers.

He has a simple diet, and he is a genius, so he takes over the transportation of grain. In 763 ad.

First of all, he reorganized the salt prison, with the words "Shi 'an" and "Heyin". Ada appointed saltworks and other salt institutions on the basis of meritocracy, and set out to reform salt administration, which also produced * * *. "

He chose hundreds of professionals and doers, which caused food difficulties in Guanzhong. The reason was to get people. Ada promoted the "Changping Method", with every ten ships as a team. * * * Collect salt, reduce freight, and exempt people from labor for decades. The whole journey is divided into four transportation sections.

He used "abundance is expensive" to quickly declare local prices to the central government. He rode a horse when he went to the court. He first organized manpower to dredge the river. When he died, he left only two carts of books and buckets of rice and wheat. At the end of the Dali period, it increased to more than six million tons of Henan Yin, and was promoted to the official department.

Therefore, we have a better understanding and sympathy for the people's sufferings. The annual traffic volume reaches 400,000 stones, and we are indifferent. It is stipulated that salt officials should purchase the salt produced by kiosks (private households specializing in salt production) in a unified way without damaging the use of the country.

Its biography records. In 762 AD, a warehouse was set up at the intersection of Weikou and other rivers to store grain, which was escorted by officers, thus building 2000 strong waterwheels.

At that time, water transportation was abandoned. According to this information, it was cultivated for the country, and ships did not enter the Yellow River, accounting for half of the national fiscal revenue. After he takes office, he will try his best to accomplish this mission.

To this end, I am in Yangzhou again; After retiring from North Korea, they read documents in government offices and were sold everywhere. The assistant minister of the Ministry of Finance received the demand, but the river boat did not enter the Weihe River. The state only buys when it has mastered it.

Waterway transportation is through waterway transportation and is reported to the transshipment company every month. Ada took a series of effective measures and established Huazhou Secretariat. Ada served as the transfer magistrate of Pengyuan. He no longer recruited able-bodied men to serve along the river, but increased revenue and reduced expenditure, and served as assistant minister and imperial adviser of the Ministry of Housing.

2. Sima Guang (Ada's financial management) translated classical Chinese from Zi Tong Zhi Jian written by Sima Guang and the 226-volume Liu Yan Tong Min Jing.

Translation:

When Ada works as a transit agent, he always recruits people who are good at running at high prices, visits various places, even far away places, and quotes the price, which can be delivered to the transit agent's office in a few days. He controlled all the weighing standards of money and grain, so the court made a profit and the people were not worried about the ups and downs of prices.

Ada also believes that with the increase of families and population, the scope of taxation will naturally expand. Therefore, Ada always puts concern for people's sufferings in the first place when managing money. Every road has its own patrol. Every ten days to a month, they must record the rain and snow situation in the county and report it to the forwarding department. Officials in Zhiyuan began to see the clue that the harvest could not be harvested that year.

It needs to be explained in advance that certain taxes need to be reduced or exempted in a certain month and certain material subsidies need to be reduced or exempted in a certain month. At the scheduled time, Ada went to implement it without waiting for the applications of counties, so as to solve the urgent needs of the people and never miss the opportunity. Therefore, people can live and work in peace and contentment, and the family population has increased and doubled. Early in Ada's term.

The annual income from money and taxes is only 4 million feet, and by the end of his term, the annual income has reached10 million feet. Ada used the monopoly method of salt production to increase the use of military materials. He thought that if there were more officials, people would be harassed, so he only set up salt officials in salt-producing areas, and no longer set up salt officials in counties outside salt-producing areas.

Before Ada took office, he transported the grain from Kanto to Chang 'an, because the river is fast and dangerous, and roughly one grain can be transported to Badou. Even if it is successful, it will be rewarded. Ada believes that the water flows of the Yangtze River, Bianshui River, Yellow River and Weishui River are different. According to the different characteristics and convenient conditions of different places, build ships to transport grain and train soldiers responsible for transporting grain.

Ships from the Yangtze River arrived in Yangzhou, ships from Bianshui arrived in Yin He, ships from the Yellow River arrived at the estuary where Weishui flowed into the Yellow River, and ships from Weishui arrived in Taicang. Granary is set between sections along the water's edge, which is transferred from the previous section to the next section. Since then, the annual transportation of grain can sometimes reach more than one million tons, and no barrel or liter sinks in the water. Ada replaced Yangtze River in shipbuilding.

Pay 1000 yuan for each ship built. Some people say, "the cost of building a ship is actually less than half, and it wastes too much money." Ada said: "This is not the case. Of course, you can't be stingy with small expenses when you do big things, and you must consider everything in the long run. Now the dock has just started to be built, and there are many people doing things. We must first make these people's personal expenses not embarrassing.

The goods they make for the government will be solid and reliable. How can it go on for a long time if you are not tired of haggling with these people for every penny? "

Original text:

As a transshipment messenger, Liu Yanchu often collects good people with generous quotations and quotes prices from all directions. Although the distance is not a few days, it will reach the ambassador. The weight of food is in our hands and the country benefits, but there is nothing expensive or cheap in the world. Yan also believes that the more registered permanent residence, the wider the tax, so his financial management is often based on loving the people first. Every official, every ten-day month, there is rain and snow in counties and counties.

Knowing that the court is over, the court officials apply first, to avoid a certain month and to save a certain month. If they don't apply for the county, they will do it. It is urgent to respond to the urgent needs of the people, so that the people can live and work in peace and contentment and have an interest account. At the beginning, the annual income of wealth was less than 4 million, and now the annual income is more than10 million. Strictly taking the salt law as the army and thinking that officials were too troublesome, they set up salt officials in salt-producing townships.

Since I arrived in Yuzhou County, I have stopped being an official. First of all, those who transport the Kanto Valley into Chang 'an have a fast-flowing river, and their hard work will be rewarded. Yan thought that the rivers of the Yangtze River, the Bianhe River, the Weihe River and the Weihe River had different powers, each taking advantage, so he built a boat and taught Cao to get drunk. Jiangchuan arrived in Yangzhou, Bianchuan arrived, Jiangchuan arrived in Weikou and Weifang arrived in Taicang. During this period, the edge of water is stored and the phase is changed.

Naturally, more than one million people are transported to the valley every year without struggle. Yan builds ships in the Yangtze River, and gives thousands of dollars to each ship, or "it is actually less than half, which wastes too much." Yan said, "Otherwise, it's not a pity to tip those who discuss big plans. Everything must be settled forever. A dock will be set up at the beginning of this year, with the most deacons. If you make it private and not embarrassed, then the official and the matter are strong. If you struggle with bread crumbs, Ann can do it for a long time. "

Extended data

Related background:

Ada pointed out that the premise of increasing fiscal revenue is to develop production and stabilize people's livelihood. As a Mirror of Resources, it is said that Ada "always gives priority to raising the people in financial management", which is beyond the power of ordinary officials.

Financial management often takes raising the people as the first priority, and first of all, there are people in mind. To increase fiscal revenue, we should be good at using commodity economy and be familiar with market conditions. In his view, there are ways to increase income everywhere, and the key lies in whether it can be discovered and used. Ada believes that taxes are levied because of people's urgent needs, which means that taxes should meet people's needs instead of blindly exploiting them. Salt is an urgent need of the people, so taxing salt benefits makes salt benefits an important item to increase fiscal revenue.

Personal data:

Ada (7 16 -780), whose real name is Shian. Economic reformer and financier in Tang Dynasty. After the Anshi Rebellion, Ada carried out a series of financial reform measures, such as salt law reform, grain transportation reform and Changping law reform, which made important contributions to the economic development of the Tang Dynasty. Ada's works are included in All Tang Wen and History of the Whole Tang Dynasty.

3. Find some classical Chinese writings about doing business, such as Duan Muci, the originator of Confucian merchants, the wise merchant ancestors, the state-run giant businessman, the agricultural prodigy Sang Hongyang, the first richest man in Shen Wansan, the red-crowned businessman Hu Xueyan of Wu Bingjian's business tycoon Qiao Zhiyong, the first-generation money king, the hardware king Ye Chengzhong, the Shanxi merchants, the Xue brothers, the enlightened wealthy businessman, the unique outlet of Guan Zhanyuquan, and the ancestor of Mingxing Li's visionary Li Hongling of Fan Shikui. There are books about businessmen and business, such as Historical Records.

Books such as Biography of Huo Zhi, Yu Ion, Miscellaneous Notes of Yan Jingjing, Think Tank, etc. all have records of ancient businessmen. Ten secrets of ancient businessmen doing business: knowing the place to win and choosing the place to make money. Sun Tzu's art of war said: those who have the terrain help the soldiers.

Expect the enemy to win, calculate the danger, distance, and go to the general. He who knows this and fights wins, but he who doesn't know this and fights loses.

It can be seen that the terrain is important for combat and it is also necessary for generals to observe. Doing business is like fighting, shopping malls are like fighting, businessmen are like generals with thousands of troops, and wise generals often occupy favorable terrain and eventually win the war.

As a great strategist in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Fan Li knew this well. From a strategist's point of view, he thinks that pottery is an ideal place for goods trade.

So he chose Tao Di as the marketing point. Sure enough, in nineteen years, he became a world-famous woman, and Tao Zhugong's reputation became a household name from ancient times to the present, leaving his name in history. According to Records of Historical Records and Biography of Huo Zhi, after the State of Qin destroyed the State of Zhao, the immigration policy was implemented. At that time, many people bribed officials, refused to move and asked to stay where they were. Only the wealthy businessman Zhuo asked to move to the remote Wenshan. He took a fancy to the fertile land, rich products, simple folk customs, residents keen on buying and selling, and good business development.

A few years later, Zhuo became a world-famous rich man. This concept of both serving time and choosing a place was accepted by later businessmen.

Yangzhou, Jiangsu, the capital of Huaizuo and the best place for Zhu Xi, is located at the north-south crossroads, with developed transportation, convenient water transportation and frequent cargo exchanges. Its land is rich in tea, salt, silk and silks, and many businessmen come in droves. At that time, businessmen from the Qin Dynasty and Shanxi Province settled here.

The famous Huizhou merchants started from here and dominated the rivers and lakes. Second, buy when it is cheap and sell when it is expensive. Fan Li and Bai Gui, the ancestor of Shang Dynasty, believe that it is cheap to buy expensive; It's expensive when it's expensive.

It is emphasized that businessmen should be good at catching business opportunities, seize opportunities and seize the opportunity to buy and sell. The profit of business comes from the difference between buying and selling.

Once you find the right time to buy and sell, you should make a decisive decision like a wild animal. In Wei Wenhou, China people pay attention to farming, while Bai Gui is willing to observe the changes of the times.

When the harvest is good, he buys grain and sells silk paint. When silk came on the market, he bought a lot of silk and sold grain.

He once said: I am as resourceful in business as Yi Yin and Jiang Taigong; In judgment, it is no less than Sun Bin and Wuqi; In law enforcement, it is no less than Shang Yang. Some people's wisdom can't improvise, their courage can't be decisive, their kindness can't be chosen properly, and their stubbornness can't stick to principles.

Therefore, after such a person has learned from me, I will not teach him how to run a business. This passage fully expounds his punctuality and wisdom in grasping the opportunity of buying cheap and selling expensive.

Bai Gui's business principles and experience were praised by later businessmen. He used his own business strategy and carefully managed it, so that his family was exhausted.

Thirdly, from the end, it is known that Gou Jian, the King of Yue who predicted to make money in the Spring and Autumn Period, was ashamed of the death of his country by snow and worked hard all day. When he learned of the drought in Wu, he bought a lot of grain from Wu. In the second year, Wu was short of food, and people's lives were difficult. The hungry people had no food to eat and complained, so the State of Yue took the opportunity to rise up and destroy the State of Wu.

Hard work pays off. The King of Yue eventually became the overlord, ranking among the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period.

Here, Gou Jian, the King of Yue, did a great thing. The wealth he created is not a treasure, but the hegemony of a country and the world. It is a successful example of the political application of the merchant's way.

According to records, a fire broke out in Lin 'an City in Song Dynasty, which damaged fish ponds. A merchant named Pei caught fire in his shop. Instead of putting out the fire, he lured people out of the city with money to buy bamboo tiles, reed rafters and other building materials. After the fire, everything was in a hurry, and building materials were in short supply in the market. At this time, Pei's businessmen took advantage of the situation and made a fortune, earning dozens of times the value of the store and meeting the needs of the market and the people.

Seeing a leopard in a tube, keen observation and accurate judgment are the source of wealth for businessmen, and they are also one of the necessary abilities for businessmen. Fourth, small profits but quick turnover, no one dares to stay expensive. Ji Ran, a pre-Qin business theorist, believed that "expensive is cheap, cheap is expensive" and advocated that "expensive is as cheap as jade"

Sima Qian once said, "Buy for three dollars, buy for five dollars cheaper", that is to say, greedy businessmen can only make a profit of 30%, and businessmen with small profits but quick turnover can make a profit of 50%. According to "Biography of Li Yu", there are three businessmen dealing in the same commodity in the market together. One of them sold at a reduced price, and there were many buyers. They make a lot of money a year, while the other two refuse to sell at a reduced price, resulting in far less profit than the former.

Sean, the counselor of Emperor Gaozu Liu Gang, sold scissors to people during the day and came back to study at night when he was studying in Huangshigong in his early years. Later, he felt that he didn't have enough study time, so he divided the scissors into three classes: upper, middle and lower. The price of first class is unchanged, the middle class is one penny less than the original price and the lower class is two pence less. As a result, it only took half a day, the number of scissors sold was twice as much as usual, the money earned was twice as much as before, and the time spent on study was more than before, so there was a folk proverb: Sean sells scissors-expensive and cheap.

5. Carve red and green, and stay in Yanjing Miscellanies: Shi Jing City Store always talks about the situation, carving red and green, and embroidering golden windows. In some shops, signboards are hung high, and colorful brocade lanterns are lit at the door of every house at night, making the streets look like daytime.

Some shops hang commodity propaganda calligraphy and painting, celebrity calligraphy and painting, which is arty. In order to sublimate the taste of the store and improve the customer's return rate.

There are also some tea shops, restaurants and hotels that specially arrange musical instruments and tell stories to entertain guests. In the noodle restaurant in Hangzhou, Kyoto in the Song Dynasty, as soon as the customer entered the store and sat down, the waiter immediately came over to ask what the customer needed, and the customers all called for instructions.

4. What words are used to describe financial management? What are the careful calculations?

1, careful calculation [j and ng d m: xing]

Interpretation: fighting: planning. Plan carefully and calculate in detail. Refers to careful calculation when using manpower and material resources.

2. Take the chips and calculate [chí chóu wò suàn]

Interpretation: originally refers to planning, later called management finance.

3, research mulberry calculating [y á n s ā ng x and n j]

Interpretation: Yan: a person, a teacher in the Spring and Autumn Period, is good at business; Sang: Sang Hongyang, a counselor of the ancient Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, was good at managing money. Describe being good at business and getting rich.

4. Analyze Qiu Hao

Interpretation: analysis: analysis; Qiu Hao: The new fine hair of birds and animals in autumn. Describe the financial management is extremely meticulous and smart.

5, Nissin monthly knot [rü q and ng yuè jié]

Interpretation: settlement every day and month. Describe the financial personnel who work hard and have clear accounts.

reference data

Baidu Chinese: /s? B2 % BE % E6 % 89% 93% E7 % BB % 86% E7 % AE % 97 & amp； from=zici

5. Sima Guang's translation of classical Chinese (Ada's financial management) comes from Sima Guang's translation of Liu Yan Tong Min Jing written in Zi Tong Zhi Jian (Volume 226). When Ada was a transit agent, he always recruited runners at high prices, visited various places and quoted prices. Even in a distant place, he may be sent to the transshipment ambassador's office in a few days.

He controlled all the weighing standards of money and grain, so the court made a profit and the people were not worried about the ups and downs of prices. Ada also believes that with the increase of families and population, the scope of taxation will naturally expand.

Therefore, Ada always puts concern for people's sufferings in the first place when managing money. Every road has its own patrol. Every ten days to a month, they must record the rain and snow situation in the county and report it to the forwarding department.

Officials in Zhiyuan began to see the clue that the harvest could not be harvested that year. It needs to be explained in advance that certain taxes need to be reduced or exempted in a certain month and certain material subsidies need to be reduced or exempted in a certain month. At the scheduled time, Ada went to implement it without waiting for the applications of counties, so as to solve the urgent needs of the people and never miss the opportunity.

Therefore, people can live and work in peace and contentment, and the family population has increased and doubled. Liu 7A686964616FE78988E69D833133431343662 at the beginning of his strict appointment.

The annual income from money and taxes is only 4 million feet, and by the end of his term, the annual income has reached10 million feet. Ada used the monopoly method of salt production to increase the use of military materials. He thought that if there were more officials, people would be harassed, so he only set up salt officials in salt-producing areas, and no longer set up salt officials in counties outside salt-producing areas.

Before Ada took office, he transported the grain from Kanto to Chang 'an, because the river is fast and dangerous, and roughly one grain can be transported to Badou. Even if it is successful, it will be rewarded. Ada believes that the water flows of the Yangtze River, Bianshui River, Yellow River and Weishui River are different. According to the different characteristics and convenient conditions of different places, build ships to transport grain and train soldiers responsible for transporting grain.

Ships from the Yangtze River arrived in Yangzhou, ships from Bianshui arrived in Yin He, ships from the Yellow River arrived at the estuary where Weishui flowed into the Yellow River, and ships from Weishui arrived in Taicang. Granary is set between sections along the water's edge, which is transferred from the previous section to the next section. Since then, the grain transported every year can sometimes reach more than one million tons, and no barrel or liter sinks in the water.

Ada replaced Yangtze River in shipbuilding. Pay 1000 yuan for each ship built.

Some people say, "the cost of building a ship is actually less than half, and it wastes too much money." Ada said: "This is not the case.

Of course, you can't be stingy with small expenses when you do big things, and you must consider everything in the long run. Now the dock has just started to be built, and there are many people doing things. We must first make these people's personal expenses not embarrassing.

The goods they make for the government will be solid and reliable. How can it go on for a long time if you are not tired of haggling with these people for every penny? "Original: Liu Yanchu, as a transshipment messenger, often accepts good deeds with rough and straightforward, and reports the price of the four parties.

Although the distance is not a few days, it will reach the ambassador. The weight of food is in our hands and the country benefits, but there is nothing expensive or cheap in the world.

Yan also believes that the more registered permanent residence, the wider the tax, so his financial management is often based on loving the people first. Every official, every ten-day month, there is rain and snow in counties and counties.

Knowing that the court is over, the court officials apply first, to avoid a certain month and to save a certain month. If they don't apply for the county, they will do it. It is urgent to respond to the urgent needs of the people, so that the people can live and work in peace and contentment and have an interest account.

At the beginning, the annual income of wealth was less than 4 million, and now the annual income is more than10 million. Yan Te salt law is the relieving power, thinking that there are many officials * * *, so salt officials are set up in the hometown of salt. Since Yuzhou County, there are no more officials.

First of all, those who transport the Kanto Valley into Chang 'an have a fast-flowing river, and their hard work will be rewarded. Yan thought that the rivers of the Yangtze River, the Bianhe River, the Weihe River and the Weihe River had different powers, each taking advantage, so he built a boat and taught Cao to get drunk. Jiangchuan arrived in Yangzhou, Bianchuan arrived, Jiangchuan arrived in Weikou and Weifang arrived in Taicang. During this period, the edge of water is stored and the phase is changed.

Naturally, more than one million people are transported to the valley every year without struggle. Yan builds ships in the Yangtze River, and gives thousands of dollars to each ship, or "it is actually less than half, which wastes too much."

Yan said, "Otherwise, it's not a pity to tip those who discuss big plans. Everything must be settled forever. A dock will be set up at the beginning of this year, with the most deacons. If you make it private and not embarrassed, then the official and the matter are strong.

If you are careful with the crumbs, you will be safe for a long time. Background: Ada proposed that the premise of increasing fiscal revenue is to develop production and stabilize people's livelihood. As a Mirror of Resources, it is said that Ada "always gives priority to raising the people in financial management", which is beyond the power of ordinary officials.

Financial management often takes raising the people as the first priority, and first of all, there are people in mind. To increase fiscal revenue, we should be good at using commodity economy and be familiar with market conditions.

In his view, there are ways to increase income everywhere, and the key lies in whether it can be discovered and used. Ada believes that taxes are levied because of people's urgent needs, which means that taxes should meet people's needs instead of blindly exploiting them.

Salt is an urgent need of the people, so taxing salt benefits makes salt benefits an important item to increase fiscal revenue. Profile: Ada (7 16 -780), whose real name is Shi 'an.

Economic reformer and financier in Tang Dynasty. After the Anshi Rebellion, Ada carried out a series of financial reform measures, such as salt law reform, grain transportation reform and Changping law reform, which made important contributions to the economic development of the Tang Dynasty.

Ada's works are included in All Tang Wen and History of the Whole Tang Dynasty.

6. The concept of interests of ancient businessmen in China is a broad concept to describe businessmen or interests. Different times, different people have different concepts, and so do big businesses.

Some people do business for the benefit of the country and people, while others do business for the benefit of their families. The following are two articles for reference only. Cang Li knows etiquette, food and clothing know honor and disgrace. "

Rites are born with something, but abandoned with nothing. Therefore, a gentleman is rich and good at his virtue; Little people have money and can do what they can.

Deep and fish live, mountains are deep and beasts go, and people are rich and benevolent. Rich people get benefits, and lost people make guests feel unhappy.

Yidi is very helpful. As the saying goes, "the son of a thousand daughters will never die in the market."

This is not empty talk. Therefore: "the world is bustling, all for profit; The world is bustling, all for profit. "

The king of thousands of people, the king of thousands of families and the king of hundreds of rooms are still suffering from poverty, but the situation is that almost all the people who form a family. "If you can't get out of agriculture, you will lack food. If you can't get out of work, you will lack things. If you can't get out of business, you will have three treasures. If you can't get out, you will have less money."

There is little money, but mountains and rivers can't open. These four things are the source of food and clothing for the people.

It turns out that the big one is forgiveness, and the small one is fresh. The upper class has money, and the lower class has money.

The way of the rich and the poor cannot be taken away. There are more skillful people than poor people. Therefore, King Taigong was sealed in Yingshan, the land was barren and there were few people, so Taigong advised her to be a woman, extremely skilled, and pass the fish and salt barrier. When the characters arrived, they would return to it and converge.

So Guan Qi wore clothes and shoes all over the world, and Haidai got together and went to North Korea. After that, the State of Qi declined, managed and established nine clans, so the Duke of Huan was the hero and nine Wang Ping ruled the world. The Guan family also has three returns, and it is in the position of accompanying ministers among the kings of various countries, and it is extremely rich.

It is based on qi's prestige. I hope I can help you.