Uncover the mystery of the origin of Qin people. Was Qin Shihuang's ancestor a Dongyi?

Uncover the mystery of the origin of Qin people. Was Qin Shihuang's ancestor a Dongyi? Unclear readers can watch it with me.

Regarding the origin of Qin people, there are two main viewpoints in academic circles: "Qin went east" and "Qin Wei went west".

Because Records of the Historian Qin Benji recorded that Qin people came from the west, "Qin Wei Xirong" has become the mainstream view for thousands of years. It is worth mentioning that the viewpoint of Historical Records is the general view of the six countries on Qin people since the Warring States Period, which despises the vulgarity of Qin people and regards Qin people as military people, representing a brutal and violent culture.

So, where did the Qin people actually originate? The discovery of a number of Chu bamboo slips from the Warring States Period in Hong Kong has subverted history and uncovered the mystery of the origin of Qin people. Even famous scholars feel that it is no wonder that Qin people can unify China, because from the origin of Qin people, it can be seen that Qin people's culture has internal factors to unify the whole country.

In 2008, a number of Chu bamboo slips from the Warring States Period appeared in the Hong Kong cultural relics market, totaling 2,500 pieces (including a few incomplete bamboo slips), and almost all the recorded contents have been lost. Professor Tsinghua University History Department commented that "if it is true, it is an ancient book that Sima Qian has never read", which shows the preciousness of these bamboo slips in the Warring States period.

Subsequently, Tsinghua alumni bid for these bamboo slips and donated them to Tsinghua University, which was later called "Tsinghua Bamboo Slips".

The time, place and dispersion of these bamboo slips are difficult to find out now because of the income from tomb robbery, but it does not hinder the value of these bamboo slips in the Warring States period. There are two reasons: first, bamboo slips were not influenced by Qin Shihuang's burning books to bury Confucianism; second, almost all the records in bamboo slips were lost, including the records of the origin of Qin people.

According to Tsinghua Bamboo Slips, the ancestor of Qin people was Shao Hao, and Shao Hao was the leader of ancient Chinese tribal alliance and Dongyi nationality, and was the first of the "Three Emperors and Five Emperors" (Bai Di). Shao Hao was born on the bank of Yuanshui and took this as his surname. Scholar Liu Mingrui has verified that it is this article that flows through Laiwu, Shandong Province today.

Therefore, Qin people are a tribe living in the East, and belong to Dongyi for today's Shandong area.

During the Shang Dynasty, Qin people always surrendered to the Shang emperor and fought for him everywhere. Strangely, the Qin people and the merchants who established the Shang Dynasty are of the same clan, both from the Xuanniao Department of Dongyi, because the Qin people also believe in "Xuanniao", which is proved by the records in historical records. "Before the Qin Dynasty, Sun Yue, a descendant of Emperor Zhuan Xu, was educated by women. Women weave, birds lay eggs, women swallow and have children. " Therefore, Qin people and businessmen are of the same origin, and they become hardcore alliances.

As for the origin of Shang Dynasty in Dongyi, why did Shang always conquer Dongyi? This is because there are many countries in the East, and they are not unified. Some of them had good relations with Shang Dynasty, while others were anti-Shang. More importantly, Dongyi, located in the southeast, controlled resources such as salt, shellfish and metal, which led to the need for Yin merchants to fight with it.

After King Wu defeated the Shang Dynasty, the Qin people became slaves of the Zhou Dynasty, but the merchants and Qin people were extremely dissatisfied, so after the death of King Wu, the Wu Geng Rebellion (the Three Prisons Rebellion) broke out soon. After the death of King Wu, Duke Zhou came to power. Wu Geng's younger brother, Cai Shu and Huo Shu, the son of surveillance, were dissatisfied with the power of the Duke of Zhou, and colluded with Wu Geng, Xu, Yan and Bogu, the hometown of Yin Shang, to rebel.

However, this massive rebellion was quickly put down by the Duke of Zhou. Immediately, the Duke of Zhou named his eldest son Boqin as the hometown of Qin people, established the State of Lu, and ruled by "business voters".

So, what happened to the Qin people who failed the rebellion? The third chapter of Tsinghua Bamboo Slips, Department Year, tells this story.

Fei Lian fled from Shang Dynasty to the East. A king cut down the merchants, killed Fei (Lian), and moved the merchants (Lian) to the west in order to trap slaves. This is the ancestor of Qin.

Fei Lian, the ancestor of the Qin people who participated in the rebellion, fled back to China, but was soon killed by Zhou Chengwang. Then the Zhou Dynasty forcibly moved the Qin people to the Zhulu Mountain area in Gansu Province, which, in the words of later generations, was to station troops, in fact, to punish the rebellion of the Qin people. The phrase "moving westward ... is the ancestor of Qin" reveals the origin of Qin people, that is, it originated in the east, and the ancestor of Qin Shihuang was Dongyi people in Shandong!

Obviously, the records in Bamboo Slips of Tsinghua subverted the historical records, and the Qin people did not come from Xirong, but from Dongyi.

Then the question is, is this record of "Tsinghua Bamboo Slips" reliable? Why is Chu so clear about the origin of Qin people?

In fact, archaeology can really prove this. During 1959, Qin Yi (so-called "Dongyi, Xidi, Nanman, Beirong") and "Qin Garrison" were mentioned in the inquiry in the middle of the Western Zhou Dynasty and in the You's books unearthed in Lantian County, Shaanxi Province. The Western Zhou Tomb of Qin People's Congress at Xishan Site in Lixian County, Gansu Province, the Qin Cemetery in Yongcheng, Shaanxi Province, and the Shang Dynasty Tomb in Subutun, Yidu, Shandong Province all have many distinctive features, which all confirm the records in Tsinghua Bamboo Slips.

Chu is located in the border, and like Qin, it is called the land of barbarians. Why do Chu people know so much about the origin of Qin people? This may be related to "Wang Zichao rushing to Chu". Wang Zichao is the eldest son of Gui Ji, King of Zhou Jing. The king wanted him to be king, but the princes opposed him. Because of his sudden death, the civil war broke out in the Zhou Dynasty, and Wang Zichao lost his throne, so he fled to Chu with a large number of Zhou Dynasty classics, some of which may have been obtained by Chu people, which led to the prosperity of Chu culture in the middle and late Warring States period. Laozi also lost his official position and lived in seclusion.

Therefore, the contents recorded in Bamboo Slips of Tsinghua may not all conform to history, but the origin of Qin people basically conforms to historical facts.

It is worth mentioning that from the origin of Qin people, we can also see that Qin can unify the cultural factors of China. There is a simple reason. Qin people are the collision and fusion of Dongyi culture, Shang culture, Xidi culture, Zhou culture and other cultures, and finally they are merged together to form a unique Daqin civilization! The whole development process of Qin people is a process of great integration of civilizations.

Therefore, it is no accident that Qin unified the whole country, especially from the perspective of cultural composition; It is not only the victory of force, but also the process of the continuous development and progress of the whole Chinese nation.

Professor Li Xueqin, a professor of Tsinghua University History Department and the head of the "Bamboo Slips in Tsinghua" project, gave such an evaluation of Qin's ability to unify China.