What is Beidahuang culture?

Beidahuang generally refers to the primitive wilderness of Northeast China. The Classic of Mountains and Seas and the Great Wilderness Northern Classic (Volume 17) written in the Warring States Period: "Beyond the Northeast Sea... there is a mountain in the wilderness called Buxian, and there is the country of the Sushen family." The "Great Wilderness" here ", according to Cihai, it means: the most remote place. For example, "The Classic of Mountains and Seas: The Great Wilderness East": "There is a mountain in the great wilderness, and its name is Hexu." The "Great Wilderness" mentioned in the Great Wilderness North Classic of the Classic of Mountains and Seas obviously refers to the "Great Wilderness" in the north. The "Great Wilderness" "beyond the Northeast Sea" clearly refers to the "Great Wilderness" in the Northeast region. So does the "Great Northern Wilderness" refer to the north of the "Great Wilderness" in the Northeast, or does the "Great Northern Wilderness" in the north generally refer to the Northeastern wilderness? I secretly think that it should refer to the northern part of the Northeast Wasteland. The reason is: During the Qin and Han Dynasties, the southern part of Northeast China, that is, south of the Liao River, was generally under the jurisdiction of Youzhou, or the area surrounding Youzhou, and was inhabited by the Yi people in recent years, while Sushen lived in the area north of Changbai Mountain, which occupied the central part of Heilongjiang Province. The downstream reaches eastward to the Central Plains along the Sea of ??Japan, and its economy and culture are more developed than those in the north. From both sides of the Second Songhua River to the east and west to the Songnen Plain at the big bend, it was the vast area including Sakhalin Island at that time. Through the analysis of historical materials and the research on the residence and migration of ancient Northeastern ethnic groups, it can be said that the area referred to by the "Northern Wilderness" broadly refers to the Second Songhua River Basin and the north of the great twists and turns, including the Nenjiang River Basin, the Sanjiang Plain, and the central Heilongjiang River. The vast area east of the lower reaches to the Sea of ??Japan coast including Sakhalin Island. In 1946, the Communist Party of China unveiled the prelude to immigration and development of this wasteland. After 60 years of joint efforts of several generations in Beidahuang, it now has 114 large-scale farms and ranches, more than 2,000 enterprises, 35.6 million acres of arable land, and 1.658 million people, distributed in the Nenjiang River Basin, Sanjiang Plain, and Heilongjiang Province. The valley covers a total area of ??57,600 square kilometers in 12 cities and 74 counties in the Mudanjiang River Basin. As a matter of convention, Beidahuang has now become synonymous with the Heilongjiang Reclamation Area. It is on this black land, known as the "Great Northern Wilderness", that the splendid flower of the Chinese nation - the Great Northern Wilderness culture - is nurtured and developed.

Beidahuang culture should be divided into two levels. One is the historical level, and the other is the modern and contemporary level. The so-called historical level refers to the time when there are written records and ends with the Qing Dynasty. The so-called modern and contemporary level should be from the Republic of China, especially from the founding of the Republic of China in 1946 to the present. The basic composition of Beidahuang culture is currently considered to be composed of military culture, educated youth culture, Qilu culture and black soil culture. Military culture and educated youth culture are obviously contemporary cultures, but they are also influenced by historical culture. Qilu culture is mainly a combination of the culture of Shandong immigrants who came to Guandong in the late Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, and the Qilu culture brought by the youth from Shandong border areas in 1959. At that time, 20 million of the 30 million people in the Northeast were immigrants from Shandong, including immigrants and cultures from other regions. Black soil culture should be mainly the accumulation of historical culture of historical ethnic groups, mainly ethnic minorities in Northeast China. It is also infiltrated and influenced by the military, educated youth and Qilu culture. It can be said that Beidahuang culture is a regional culture with rich historical connotation, distinctive characteristics of the times, multi-cultural integration, and unique color.

[Edit this paragraph] The basic composition of Beidahuang culture

Military culture

With the continuous development of Beidahuang, a large number of demobilized officers and soldiers immigrated to Beidahuang. It brought about the prosperity and development of Beidahuang military culture. Among them, outstanding representatives have emerged such as Lin Yu, Zheng Jiazhen, Chao Mei, etc., and excellent works have emerged such as the movies "Beida Wilderness", "New Biography of Veterans", novels "Wild Geese Flying to the North", "Riverside Rising Sun" and Peking University Wasteland prints, etc. But these advanced cultures of the past were a reflection of the social reality and environment at that time. However, how to artistically reflect the changes and development process of Beidahuang's demobilized officers and soldiers and their successors in the past 30 years of reform and opening up and the construction of modern large-scale agriculture seems to be weak. The only works that have had greater influence in recent years are Zheng Jiazhen's "Records of Immigration to the Great Northern Wilderness", "Northeastern Corner of China", and "Sixty Years in the Great Northern Wilderness". Not to mention the emergence of masterpieces with national influence such as "People of the Northern Wilderness" and "New Biography of Veterans" in the 1950s and 1960s. Over the past sixty years, countless laudable typical figures and typical events have emerged among the demobilized officers and soldiers, such as Xu Yirong, the father of rice, etc., but they all lack artistic reflection and heavy publicity. As a result, as the years go by, the outstanding figures and typical events among the demobilized officers and soldiers have become less and less popular. Typical examples have not been transformed into the advanced culture they should be, but have gradually faded away, drifted away, and been forgotten in the long river of history. As the earliest Beidahuang prints to win the reputation of "Beidahuang School", they should be launched as a brand of Beidahuang culture and combined with gravity to create brand cultural influence, but work in this area is also obviously insufficient.

Educated Youth Culture

If a large number of demobilized officers and soldiers from the army developed Beidahuang in the 1940s and 1950s, forming the first peak of the prosperity and development of Beidahuang culture, then in the 1960s and 1970s, In the 1940s to 500,000 urban educated youth immigrated to Beidahuang, which undoubtedly brought the prosperity and development of Beidahuang culture to a new stage. Although the disaster of the "Cultural Revolution" cast an indelible color of tragedy on the educated youth going to the mountains and countryside, from the perspective of population mobility, a large number of educated youth immigrated to Beidahuang, objectively injecting vitality into Beidahuang, activating and improving Peking University. Another round of new development of Huang culture. People usually think that the urban civilization and urban culture brought by educated youth to Beidahuang should be judged and examined from today's perspective as a cultural convection movement.

Because of the educated youth, Beidahuang has injected the civilized elements of the city, enhanced the vitality of Beidahuang culture, improved the quality of the population in the reclamation area, and improved or changed the living conditions and quality of Beidahuang. In turn, the educated youth have brought the black soil culture of Beidahuang to the city. , adding to the connotation and quality of urban civilization. This cultural exchange between the north and the south, the integration of urban civilization and border culture, is undoubtedly the result of the convection between the vast number of educated youth from the north and the south. A group of educated youth writers, painters, entrepreneurs, scholars, and scientists emerged from the black soil. They created a corresponding splendid culture for Beidahuang and the Chinese nation. The works of the best among them, such as Liang Xiaosheng, Zhang Kangkang, Pu Cunxin, Jing Yidan, Jiang Kun, Shen Jiawei, Li Bin, etc., have had a strong cultural influence. They have enriched Beidahuang culture and enhanced the affinity, attraction and influence of Beidahuang culture. Strength and cohesion have had a positive effect. However, none of them stayed in Beidahuang. They were wandering outside Beidahuang and formed a scattered, unintegrated, unorganized and free educated youth culture. It must be effectively organized and aggregated to form the cultural power of educated youth, produce cultural nuclear changes, and then transform it into the advanced cultural power that embodies the spirit and core values ??of the Beidahuang era and is indispensable in Beidahuang culture.

Qilu culture

It is mainly a combination of the Guandong culture brought by immigrants from Shandong in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, and the Qilu culture brought by the youth from Shandong border areas in 1959. At that time, 20 million of the 30 million people in the Northeast were immigrants from Shandong, including immigrants and cultures from other regions.

Black soil culture

Sixty years of reclamation history has produced a splendid military culture and educated youth culture. The military culture and educated youth culture are both deeply rooted in the black soil of Beidahuang. As Shandong immigrants gradually merged into the native population of Beidahuang and the immigrants of retired officers and soldiers, Qilu culture also merged with the other three cultures. As the demobilized officers and soldiers gradually age and the urban educated youth return to the city, the modernization construction of Beidahuang, including the construction of culture, falls unshirkably on the shoulders of the third generation of Beidahuang inheritors. The so-called black soil culture has both contemporary and traditional significance. The contemporary black soil culture is the product of the integration of military culture, educated youth culture, Qilu culture and local culture in the reclamation area for more than 60 years. This culture, combined with the advanced productivity of modern large-scale agriculture, produces cultural power that is significantly higher and superior to the black soil culture in other areas. However, in terms of the influence of historical and traditional culture, it is obviously weaker than that of areas outside the reclamation area. Culture is the accumulation of history. The culture accumulated in the sixty-year development history of Beidahuang is precious, but its cultural thickness and heritage are not enough. It must be excavated from the historical level of black soil culture. If culture is disconnected and fragmented, it will be incomplete and defective.

The history of black soil culture

There were three major ethnic groups in the ancient Northeast: Donghu, Suiqi and Sushen. Most of their historical evolution and development took place in the vast land of Beidahuang. The Sushen people who originated in the Mudanjiang River Basin are the ancestors of the Manchu people. They were called Yilou during the Han, Wei and Jin Dynasties, Wuji during the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Mohe during the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Jurchen during the Liao, Jin, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, and Manchu during the Qing Dynasty. This nation is the only great nation with a long national tradition and history that has the most complete and complete continuity in the Northeast. The Liao Dynasty established by the Khitan people, the Dajin Dynasty established by the Jurchen people, the Yuan Dynasty established by the Mongolian people, and the Qing Dynasty established by the Manchu people established China's vast territory, promoted the connection and integration of various ethnic groups in the Northeast and the Central Plains, and provided a foundation for China's multi-ethnic It has made extremely important contributions to the formation of the country, the strength of the country and the development of civilization. The splendid splendor of Beidahuang culture is obvious to all, and the Beidahuang spirit accumulated from it has become the core of Beidahuang culture. Its core values ??are not only the core of Beidahuang culture, but also should be reflected in the Beidahuang culture. The creation, cultivation and development of wilderness cultural power are promoted and enriched through in-depth excavation and research of its historical aspects.