Can humans reproduce in space? Will it evolve into different species?

A century ago, we humans had not witnessed what the biological world was like. Since apollo 8 thought this was the first high-resolution photo of our return to Earth, all of us knew that this blue planet was floating alone in the universe.

Nowadays, human space flight is in full swing. Nowadays, it is common to launch a satellite around the earth or even a Mars probe on the last day. The ultimate goal of our exploration of the universe is not to trap us on the earth. On the one hand, if there is an unpredictable disaster on the earth, we humans will be easily wiped out. After all, eggs can't be put in one basket. On the other hand, we hope to spread the seeds of life to outer space and even the distant universe. So now we have a bigger goal, colonizing alien planets.

It's not hard to imagine. According to the current development process of mankind, in another century or even two, we may land on Mars and establish a human base there. Perhaps we will become the first intelligent creature on Mars to walk on two legs.

We can fully foresee this day, which is nothing more than the level of scientific and technological development. But we often ignore a question, that is: can we humans mate and reproduce in space? This is very important. At that time, you couldn't say that you wanted to have children. It's a bit expensive to send a "special train" from Mars to Earth. Also, if human beings reproduce in space, will they mutate or evolve and become different species because of environmental changes?

In fact, scientists have studied the reproduction of many species in space, including salamanders, fish, mice, frogs and fish, and of course plants, and observed how different creatures are affected by low gravity and radiation during space flight. However, there are different opinions, and there is still no complete and exact conclusion. But we haven't studied humans yet. More than 60 women have traveled in space, but none of them got pregnant, let alone gave birth in weightlessness.

But according to the current theory, we can know that human beings will certainly face many problems if they want to reproduce in space, such as:

Undoubtedly, in addition to the efforts to develop science and technology, human beings want to colonize outer space, and some of their own problems have to be solved. It can't reproduce, let alone colonize, and it will be extinct outside.

First of all, the most obvious difference is that in a low gravity environment, it will be difficult for a mother to push her baby out without the help of gravity. In addition, if women live in outer space permanently, the risk of pregnancy will be much greater than on earth.

Because there is not enough gravity pressure, bone density will decrease. Studies have shown that every month astronauts spend in space, the bone density will drop 1% to 2%, which is especially important for fertility, because the pelvis may break during childbirth. Therefore, at that time, human beings could not give birth naturally at all, and they would rely more and more on caesarean section.

We know that the way humans reproduce will affect our body structure. For example, the size of our head is limited by the size of the birth canal. The more caesarean sections in outer space, the bigger the head of our offspring will be, because humans are no longer limited by the size of the birth canal. At that time, the image was really like a big-headed alien.

Big head is not the only major change for mankind in the future, because outer space is not protected by the earth's atmosphere and magnetic field, and there are a lot of high-energy particles and high-energy radiation. These can change the genes of organisms and cause mutations. We don't know what human beings will evolve into in a specific environment in the future. But what is certain is that we will get darker and darker.

Because the appearance of melanin is a way for human beings to resist ultraviolet rays, and there are stronger ultraviolet rays in space, pigmentation will become more and more serious in the reproduction from generation to generation. But there are other radiations in space. If our genes adapt to this environment, some new pigments will evolve, which may mean that future generations living outside the earth will show different skin colors. But these changes may take hundreds or thousands of years to gradually accumulate.

In the end, people living in space may evolve completely different species from people on earth, and we will think that they are different species.

There are fruits in space, why are there no creatures in space?

Can life on earth multiply in the universe? At present, it has been proved that it is possible that there will be great mutations in the offspring of creatures that have passed through the space environment. For example, space pumpkins are much larger than ordinary pumpkins.

There are many space fruits, which are very different from the original varieties in appearance and taste.

This is because there are a lot of ultraviolet rays and high-energy rays in the universe. These high-energy rays belong to ionizing radiation, which can destroy DNA in organisms and cause gene mutation faster than on earth. Therefore, many plant breeding experts will use spacecraft to cultivate new varieties.

However, unlike the reproduction of new species by vegetation, the reproductive cells of animals have a time limit. For example, some male germ cells were born seven days ago. If they are not pregnant within seven days, then the germ cells will lose their function.

Similar things will not happen to humans, because although there is a lot of radiation in the universe, scientists will wear radiation-proof spacesuits, which greatly reduces the probability that ionizing radiation will change their DNA.

That is to say, although humans have boarded the universe, because of the protection of spacesuits, children born after astronauts return to earth are no different from those born on normal earth.

For example, the first female astronaut in human history gave birth to a child with her husband who is also an astronaut. Her children are also healthy, smart and lively.

Spatial replication experiment

In fact, scientists have also conducted experiments on biological embryos and biological reproduction in space to observe what changes will be found after the creatures reach the space environment.

Although these experiments have been carried out, some scientists still want to study whether the process of reproduction will be affected when human beings are in space environment.

The United States once selected an astronaut couple to carry out pregnancy experiments in space.

However, the experiment was banned from the beginning. Although Mark is very excited about his wife's teasing, he can't be as comfortable as on earth. They tried 10 many times, but only succeeded once. The reason for the low success rate is that space is a weightless environment, and they often float in the space capsule, so they are not easy to hold together and need the help of handrails and straps.

However, after success, they found that this method could not get pregnant. Because space is a weightless environment, liquids don't flow like the earth, but float in the air, so they can't get pregnant.

Bathing in space requires special devices to stop the flow of water.

In other words, it will be more difficult for humans to carry out this activity in space, and the pregnancy rate will be lower.

Will humans move into space in the future?

Although the plan is to prepare for future space immigrants, according to science and technology, it is difficult for future people to immigrate to space.

First of all, because the galaxies in space are very far away, and the nearest neighboring galaxies are 4.2 light years away from the Earth, it will take at least 70,000 years for humans to fly to proxima centauri at the speed of17 km/s. ..

If the manned flight takes 70,000 years, it is impossible for humans to store 70,000 years of food and 70,000 years of water on the spacecraft.

Furthermore, even if humans can reach neighboring galaxies in a short time, the planets in neighboring galaxies may not be suitable for human habitation. You know, although the earth is not the most special one in the universe, the number of livable planets in the universe is very small, and it may be very far away from the earth, which means that it takes us longer to immigrate into space.

Although there are wormholes in theoretical science, according to research, using wormholes to cross the universe requires more energy than the whole universe, so we may not be able to achieve space immigration.

A more reliable plan is to freeze 3 million human embryos, transport a large number of crop seeds to other planets such as the wandering earth, and find a suitable planet, and then thaw these embryos for development.

This means that we don't need space replication technology at all. However, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) said that the space breeding experiment is not only to prepare for space immigrants, but also to meet the physiological needs of astronauts in space.

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Although the experiment has ended, there are still many people who openly oppose it. Writer Laura said that pregnancy and childbirth in space are very dangerous because of weightlessness, such as ectopic pregnancy.

Some astronauts also said that there would be almost no physiological reaction in space.

The most important point is that although astronauts stay in the space capsule, the radiation intensity in space will still increase the possibility of congenital malformation of babies. For the sake of mankind, we should not conduct such experiments in space again.

At present, human beings have not realized the reproduction of mammals in space, which proves that there are factors affecting the development of fertilized eggs in space, not to mention that human beings reproduce in space and then evolve into other species. This idea is basically ignorance of evolution.

Many people may have heard of space breeding, bringing plant seeds into space. Under the influence of low temperature, low oxygen, high radiation and microgravity in space, the germ of some seeds has changed, and the grown plants may become very large or their colors have changed. But few people know that in fact, space breeding will bring many seeds every time, and only a few people can show different personalities. Just like human cloning experiments, many artificial embryos have been made, but few of them can develop into complete individuals. Because it is related to the future development of mankind, modern space powers have their own manned space flight, and astronauts themselves are "mice" in biological experiments. They need to collect a large number of data of human body in space to speculate what kind of impact human beings will suffer in space. However, so far, only about 1 000 people have been to space (1 000 people are less than 1 000 people). Of course, astronauts themselves are also executors of many space projects, and some biological experiments will be carried out in space, and one of the purposes of biological experiments is to study the influence of space environment on organisms.

So far, scientists have conducted many space breeding experiments, including plants, amphibians and other lower species in the traditional classification. These species have higher cell totipotency, faster development of fertilized eggs and less external influence. In mammalian experiments, there are two most successful experiments. One is China's Shi Jian-10 satellite test platform, which realized the early development of mouse fertilized eggs in space, but actually only developed from fertilized eggs into early embryos of two cells. In an experiment conducted by NASA, mouse sperm was frozen and sent into space, then transported to the earth and injected into female mice. It turns out that the born mice are no different from ordinary mice. So far, humans have not conducted serious mating and reproductive experiments on mammals in space, and the space environment has a great influence on mammals with highly differentiated tissues and cells. Experiments such as space breeding are actually mutation breeding, which uses environmental characteristics such as low temperature and high radiation in space to induce gene mutation, and then selects individuals with mutant traits that are more beneficial to human beings from many seeds, and then fixes the traits through asexual reproduction and hybridization to expand the number. It usually takes several generations of breeding and reproduction, and there is no introduction of foreign genes. It is impossible to suddenly appear a lot of traits that plants don't have, which will directly lead to death.

Evolution is based on population, even if a few people can breed in space, it is difficult to affect the gene pool of human population. Just like space breeding, a large number of seeds have little change, and the advantage of plants is that they can increase the number in a short time through asexual reproduction, and then mate with the original species of the earth to obtain stable plant varieties. Obviously, humans can't reproduce in this way, while mammals will be affected by unknown factors in space, resulting in the failure of fertilized eggs to develop, and the evolution of humans to another species will not be realized.