How did the ethnic minorities come from? Where did the minority languages come from?

After liberation, non-Han China residents were called ethnic minorities.

These ethnic minorities can be roughly divided into several categories:

1, the historical expansion of China failed to assimilate the descendants of local ethnic minorities, such as Miao and Tibetan.

2. Ethnic descendants who invaded China in history, such as Manchu and Mongolian.

3. Descendants of foreigners who have lived in China for a long time in history, such as Hui and Russians.

4. Branches of the Han nationality, for various reasons, have become new nationalities, such as the Jing nationality and the Korean nationality.

The languages of ethnic minorities are formed through long-term mutual communication.

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Answer Malik's question:

1, the expansion of the Chinese nation made the Miao people migrate from the lower reaches of the Yellow River to the southwest. It was in ancient times, when there was no such thing as China. The word China first appeared in three generations, as opposed to barbarians. The third generation, Miao people are no longer in China. "Most people (Miao people) living in the Yellow River valley became later Han people", which is unknown in history. Besides, after the "fierce struggle", there must be great hatred. How to achieve "integration"?

I don't think Mongolian occupation of Tibet is China's expansion. Mongolia occupied Tibet, so it can't be concluded that Tibetans became China people at that time, because Mongolia occupied Russia before it occupied Tibet, and after Tibet broke away from Mongolia, Mongolia still occupied Russia. Since the Russians were not from China at that time, why were they Tibetans? I think Tibet became a part of China in two periods: one was the establishment of a health clinic in Tibet in the Ming Dynasty, and the other was the entry of the People's Liberation Army into Tibet. Since then, Tibetans are legally China people.

3. After the Ming Dynasty expelled the remnants of Mongolia from the Northeast and occupied the whole Northeast, the predecessor of Manchu, Jianzhou Nuzhen, became a nation living in China, but it was not the Han nationality, so it was called an alien. After the Manchu became independent under the pretext of "seven great hatreds", it refused to admit that it was from China. At that time, the government and people of China did not think that Manchu was from China. After the Manchu occupation of China, in order to maintain the rule, they even refused to admit that they were from China. Even on their deathbed, they were in charge of the Reform Movement of 1898, which was to "protect China, but not the Qing Dynasty", completely opposing their Qing State and China. After the Manchu regime was overthrown by China, they also relied on the Japanese to establish a pseudo-"Manchukuo" in the northeast. So, since they don't think they are from China. Why do we have to say that they are from China?

4. Mongolians can't speak Chinese or write Chinese characters, which is different from the customs of China people. After occupying China, they only knew how to kill China people and collect wealth, but they continued to harass China after being driven away. Now it has its own independent country and government. Americans come from China rather than China. Moreover, the Malik brothers also said: "It is not correct to say that China is expanding. Tibetans should become a part of the people of China, which should be the result of the expansion of the Mongolian empire. " Obviously put Mongolia and China against each other. It seems that deep down, people are still not used to interacting with Mongolian butchers.

5. Hui people are descendants of West Asians, so it's really hard to say. Because it looks more like Han nationality, but it is said in middle school textbooks, more than N Hui compatriots I have contacted all say that their ancestors came from Arabia or Persia. Since people think so, what can I say?

6. The Russians began to embezzle North Asia during the civil strife in China and the division of Manchu in the late Ming Dynasty. As early as the Ming Dynasty, they began to settle in the Heilongjiang River Basin, so they met the two conditions of "long-term residence in China" and "descendants of foreigners". In addition, the Russian nationality is one of the 56 flowers, which was appointed by our party. Even if it's gone, it won't change, hehe.

7. Viet Nam has been the territory of China since the Qin Dynasty. Qin Shihuang sent troops to kill all the locals. Nanhai County, Guilin County and Elephant County, which were established in Lingnan by the Qin Dynasty, were all set up by military personnel on the spot, and Elephant County is today's Vietnam. Since the Han Dynasty, China has established Jiaozhi County, Jiuzhen County and Rinan County in Viet Nam. Since then, China people have continued to emigrate to Lingnan. The father of Wang Bo, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, was an official at a crossroads. From the Qin Dynasty to the Han Dynasty, China ruled Vietnam 1000 years. Vietnam has a high proportion of Han population, which is no different from the mainland. After Vietnam's independence in the Tang Dynasty, due to its long-term separation from China, the Han nationality in Vietnam gradually formed a new nation. After the liberation of Vietnam, they called this nation Jing nationality. South Korea was also desolate in ancient times, and few people lived there. At the end of Shang Dynasty, King Wu conquered Zhou. Ji Zi, a relative of Zhou Wang, didn't want to be a subject of Zhou Dynasty, so he led 5,000 Shang people to flee to Korean Peninsula and Liaodong Peninsula and established Korea. Therefore, the earliest Koreans were a branch of the Chinese nation. During the Qin Dynasty, a large number of Koreans fled to the north of China to escape the rule of the Qin Dynasty. During the Han Dynasty, Korea was annexed by the Han Dynasty. Obviously, at that time, South Korea was almost under the control of the Han people. By the time of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, China had lost its sovereignty over the Korean Peninsula. Like Vietnam, the Han nationality in Korea has gradually evolved into a new nation. Become a modern Korean. After the Japanese occupation of Korea, some Koreans lived in China and became Koreans in China.