What hatred? What hatred? What is the historical background of the Polish massacre in Ukraine?

/kloc-in the 3rd century, the western expedition of the Mongolian army interrupted the historical process of Kiev Ross, and its northeast became a vassal state of the Golden Horde and gradually evolved into a later Russian nation. The principality of Galicia-Warren, which was split from Kiev's Ross, was also carved up by Poland and Lithuania, two emerging powers. Warren region has been ruled by Lithuania since 1340; Gasiglia was occupied by Hungary during 1370- 1387. After 1387, Poland annexed Galicia and placed it under the administrative jurisdiction of Poland.

King Agitas of Lithuania died in 1377, and his son Yakovo sent someone to assassinate his uncle for the purpose of power struggle. His uncle's son had no choice but to seek the help of Teutonic knights. In order to avoid the invasion of Teutonic Knights, Yagwo had to marry Jadeviga, the Polish queen who was only 1 1 at that time, and made an alliance with Poland through marriage. History is called "clervaux League". 1569, Poland and Lithuania signed the Lublin Joint Agreement, and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland were formally merged into the Polish-Lithuanian Federation. The Grand Duchy of Lithuania made a compromise and handed over all disputed territories of the two countries and Ukrainian residential areas near the south to Poland, and Warren was certainly among them.

1660, a war broke out between Poland and Russia for Ukrainian territory. The final result was that Ukraine was openly divided between the two countries at 1667. The Russians got their wish to control the eastern Ukraine, while the Poles got the western Ukraine. The Galicia-Warren region is still under Polish jurisdiction.

Sooner or later, you have to pay back the money. With the gradual decline of Poland's national strength, it was carved up by Russia, Austria and Prussia, and Poland directly disappeared from the world map in 1795. Russia and Austria divided up the territory of what is now Ukraine. At this time, Warren was under the control of Russia, while Galicia was assigned to Austria.

After World War I, Poland returned to the motherland on the basis of the Treaty of Versailles. Poles naturally want to restore the historical border of their territory, but this has to take into account the world situation at that time. Therefore, the territorial boundary between eastern and western Poland is uncertain. Poland, Russia and Ukraine all claim sovereignty over this disputed territory. Poland first went to war with the new Ukrainian people and the Republic, but soon Ukraine and faction leaders felt that Soviet Russia was a greater threat to them, so they turned to the strategy of uniting Poland against Russia. Shortly after the Polish-Ukrainian Coalition forces entered Kiev, the Russian army arrived flatteringly, not only destroying the Ukrainian people and Republic, but also attacking Warsaw all the way. The result was defeated by Polish Zionist leader Piezdsky, and the Russians could only return in vain. This is the famous "Vistula Miracle" in military history. As a result of the war, the Soviet Union and Poland signed the Riga Treaty at 192 1, and Poland recognized the legitimacy of the Soviet Union and the Ukrainian Soviet Republic, which actually became a puppet, and the East Galicia-Warren region once again became Polish territory.

As a result, a large number of Ukrainian minorities appeared in Poland's second neutral country, accounting for 14% of Poland's total population. These Ukrainian minorities want autonomy, but their expectations conflict with the assimilation policy of the Polish government. The Polish government suppressed the development of Ukrainians everywhere, and the discriminatory policies certainly accumulated the dissatisfaction of Ukrainians. The most valuable thing about the film Warren is that it doesn't criticize from the victim's point of view, but it also depicts the oppression of Ukrainian minorities by Poles themselves.

The original meaning of the word "Ukraine" in Slavic language refers to frontier or remote areas. After the rise of Cossacks, they called themselves "Ukrainians", and the word "Ukraine" gradually changed from frontier to national or national title.

Due to the influence of the international community on the principle of national self-determination, the Polish government has repeatedly emphasized respect for the rights of Ukrainians and other ethnic minorities in its territory. However, this commitment only appeared in the Constitution, and it was not really implemented.

In order to consolidate Poland's eastern defense line, the Polish government first carried out military immigration to East Galicia, and later the main body of the immigration became civilians. These new immigrants not only got fertile land, but also enjoyed a lot of subsidies from the government. Although there are far fewer Poles in East Galicia than Ukrainians, they soon became the dominant group in the region. Almost all the people who hold the posts of police, postman, railway worker and government employee are poles. The influx of new immigrants from Poland further angered Ukrainians.

The development of Ukrainian nationalist organizations is precisely because of Ukrainians' resentment against the Polish government. 1930 in July, Ukrainian nationalist militants began a large number of sabotage and terrorist attacks, targeting not only Poles, but also Ukrainians who tried to resolve disputes through peaceful means. In September, the Polish government began to suppress it, and 1700 people were arrested and imprisoned.

The Ukrainian nationalist organization (OUN) claims that its direct purpose is to protect Ukrainians from oppression and exploitation by the Polish government, and its goal is to establish an independent and unified Ukrainian state. OUN advocates ethnic cleansing of foreigners on Ukrainian soil. The Bandera faction of the Ukrainian nationalist organization and its military unit UPA carried out this task.

UPA is both anti-Soviet and anti-Poland. In their view, both are invaders and oppressors. In order to resist the Soviet Union, Stepan Bandera, the leader of Ukrainian nationalist organization during World War II, actively cooperated with the Nazis and incited Ukrainian national sentiment to slaughter Poles.

194 1 On June 22nd, 2000, Germany suddenly attacked the Soviet Union, ending Soviet rule over western Ukraine. After Germany occupied Galicia-Warren region, the region did not merge with Ukraine of the former Soviet Union. In the eyes of the Germans, "all oriental nations are inferior nations, and there is absolutely no free Ukraine." This disappointed the Bandera faction.

When Germany was defeated in the Battle of Stalin, the Bandera School believed that the German defeat was inevitable. The Bandera faction believes that Poland will never give up the eastern territory that was easily carved up after the war, so it must pre-empt Poland's revival and strike itself militarily. And at this time, Germany is being hit hard, and the Soviet Red Army has not yet reached East Galicia and Warren. It was during this power vacuum that Bandera launched the largest ethnic cleansing of Poles.

Ukrainian youths who refused to join UPA, Ukrainians who sympathized with Poles, or Ukrainians who converted to Roman Catholicism also suffered greatly.

After World War II, Poland and Ukraine belonged to the Eastern Group under the influence of the Soviet Union, and this history was selectively forgotten. After Ukraine's independence, like Stepan Bandera, the nationalist extremists in Ukraine were portrayed as national heroes of the Ukrainian independence movement. As the opening title of Warren said, "Poles in the East were slaughtered twice, the first time by axe, and the second time by silence."