Chaozhou folk culture

Chaozhou folk culture was bred and blossomed in the soil and climate of southern Chu witch culture. It reflects the folk customs of Chaozhou and exudes a strong local flavor. Totem worship of hipsters: the worship of natural gods, ancestor gods and hero gods occupies a supreme position in the cultural psychology of hipsters. The beliefs and folk myths of the influx of people reveal the legacy of "believing in witches and ghosts, emphasizing obscenity and worship" and fearing ghosts and gods. Chaozhou ritual drama is directly related to the sacrificial ceremony, and even can be said to be a by-product of the sacrificial ceremony itself. Chaozhou opera inherits the legacy of ancient Nuo: "Blowing drums and drums is fragrant and clean." Chaozhou people is proficient in the wind of Chinese opera, which continues to this day.

First, Chaozhou folk customs, folk customs and folk songs

Chaozhou people likes to sing folk songs. Its folk songs and ballads, like local myths, operas, proverbs, novels, riddles and other folk arts, present distinctive local characteristics and strong local flavor. As a folk oral literature ballad, it shows the rich connotation of Chaozhou folk art. Throughout Chaozhou ballads, nursery rhymes, poems and songs, and folk customs are all involved. It can be divided into the following categories:

1. Guanyin's ritual songs, such as "Please God Song" and "Please God Song". This is a ritual song of asking God. "Asking God" is also called "observing God". In August, Chaozhou women invited menstruation to be called "Aunt Luo" and asked God to sing. Besides auntie, there are other gods in Chaozhou, such as Blue Rice God, Chopping Foot God, Bamboo Chop God, Sun Ji Shen God and Toad God, all of which have their own songs and performances. In "Please Divine Comedy" and "Please Divine Comedy", people expressed their hope for "mercy and pity" of Nanhai Guanyin. Interestingly, if "God" is not invited for a long time, people use the primitive religious ceremony "witchcraft" to urge and curse God, hoping to influence and restrict God with the power of language.

2. Ritual ballads in weddings: The ballad "Say goodbye to your husband before marriage" expresses the wishes of newly-married women for "a good husband", "wealth and talent" and "wealth". Two songs, "Sit at a Table Before Marriage" and "Young Mom Divides Vegetables for Everyone", describe the characteristics of Chaozhou wedding ceremony. In addition, there are songs of various ceremonies such as the bride stepping on the car door, opening the door too far, worshiping heaven and earth, and stirring tanks. These ballads vividly reproduce the whole process before the bride gets married. The ballads of Chaozhou funeral ceremony mainly include "Tomb Patrol Song" and so on.

3. Chaozhou's ballads of wandering gods: such as "People in the city wander gods": "People in the city wander gods, and an old man's wife plays for three nights, and her head is cold and dizzy". This theme reflects the worship of heroes by hipsters. The word "master" refers to Guan Yu, and "three nights" reflects the spectacular activities of wandering the gods, which lasted for three days and three nights. The content of wandering is rich and colorful, and dancing and entertainment activities are interspersed in the process of wandering. In addition to dragon and lion dances, there are Buma dances, centipede dances, crocodile dances, squid dances, camel dances, giraffe dances and double-biting goose dances unique to Chaozhou.

4. Folk story ballads: For example, the folk song "Listen to the sound of gongs and drums" tells the story of "Chen Sanwu Niang" circulating in folk literature and "Ma Chao vs. Zhang Fei" in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, as well as the local legend of "Guan Luo took two concubines".

Chinese New Year in the first month is a ballad with more story characteristics. It combines myths, novels, operas, legends and stories, telling them every month and recording a story every month. Such as Chai Jingji, Broken Kiln Ji, Meng Jiangnv, Autumn Color of the Han Palace, the picture of Zhao Jun on the fortress, Moon Pavilion, King of Chu, Chen Sanwu Niang, Liang Zhu and Qing Suo Gao Yi.

5. Songs about the activities of the four seasons, such as "Song of December", profoundly reflect the tragic fate of farmers' hard work and lack of food and clothing all the year round. According to the sequence of seasons, the whole poem writes about the labor and life of the poor peasants month by month, and compares the lives of peasants and gentry, such as: "In March, people paved fields, while the east village and the west village were busy, the rich were busy with Niu Niu, and the peasants dragged their plows and shed tears."

It is a narrative ballad to guess the gongs and drums in the first month. It draws lessons from the narrative technique of July in The Book of Songs, and begins with twelve months of farming and solar terms. It tells the story of the heroine's marriage, pity, beating and bereavement in the first person. And the psychological change process from joy to sadness. This writing style, which is characterized by seasons to set off and render the inner feelings of characters, is very distinctive.

6. Ballads of religious activities: For example, "Begging for Rain" "You will know when it rains, and you will come as soon as it rings. Play invitation, rain obscenity, play, rain pouring, play shed, rain sunny, play straight, the sky comes out. " Show piety to the rain: "Yu Tong, have a rest in the gazebo. Women urinate and blaspheme. " And the myth that "rain is the main fairy" is circulating, which makes rain a god.

7. Chaozhou scenery folk songs: such as "Chaozhou scenery is very romantic": "Chaozhou scenery is very romantic, 18 ships and 24 States; Box No.24, No.24, only two badminton players in Niu Yi slipped away. ""It's a waste of time to see the tide; If you don't reach the bridge at high tide, you will waste your time. "Influx people are especially proud of the famous historical bridge' Guangji Bridge' in the Song Dynasty.

8. Folk songs of ethnic reproduction and migration: For example, Song of the Emperor describes the birth history of Pan, Lan and Lei who migrated from Beijing to Chaozhou. According to "The Biography of Nan Man in the Later Han Dynasty", Emperor Gao had the pride of a dog, and the emperor was invaded by it, but could not attack it. It is to recruit people from all over the world and win the head of general Wu, the general of the dog army, and give thousands of families and wives as girls. It is said that the emperor had a five-hair dog named Tiger Pan. Tiger Pan, after hearing the order, dedicated his head to the emperor, and the "strange diagnosis of his ministers" was the head of General Wu. Emperor exultation, but considering that Tiger Pan can't be his wife's daughter, and there is no way to knighthood, although want to repay, but I don't know what to do, very reluctantly. Tiger Pan suddenly said, "You put me in Admiralty and I became a human being in seven days and seven nights. Because the princess went to see it in advance, Tiger Pan "turned her head into an adult". This story is also contained in Chaozhou Folk Tales Integration Data, and the dog named Legend of She Ancestors has become one of the totem animals of the hipsters.