Benefits of Rainforest Development in Brazil

Refers to the tall, dense and evergreen forest community in tropical high temperature and high humidity areas. Plants are obviously divided into several layers, the upper layer is arbor, 60 meters high, with a wide variety and straight trunk; The middle layer consists of many medium and small trees; Low-level and necessary lianas can be seen everywhere, some as thick as 20 ~ 30 cm, and some as long as 300 meters. Tropical rain forest is the forest community with the most biological species in the existing forest, and it is a treasure house of plant resources, with many valuable economic plants such as wood, medicinal materials, fruit trees, oil plants and rubber. Tropical rain forests are mainly distributed in areas with annual minimum precipitation of more than 200mm, high air humidity and annual temperature of 25 ~ 30℃. Such as Amazon basin in South America, Congo basin in Africa and Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Philippines, Malaysia and India in Asia. Among them, the Amazon basin has the largest area of tropical rain forest, and Asia has the largest variety of tropical rain forest plants. Yunnan, Taiwan Province, Guangdong, Hainan and other places in China also have local distribution.

Tropical rain forest is a forest vegetation in tropical areas, with abundant rainfall and basically no drought in soil moisture. Tropical rainforests are mainly distributed in river basins, islands and hilly areas between north and south latitudes 10 degrees, among which Amazon basin in South America and Congo basin in Africa are the most extensive, while Southeast Asia is relatively scattered.

Scattered plant layer

The plants in the tropical rain forest are tall and short. Many adult trees can grow to 60 meters high, and the dense and tall crowns block the sun. Small trees and short plants can only look for sunlight through cracks. Close to the ground, it is dark and humid, with ferns, shrubs, mosses, fungi and algae growing.

Wonders of rainforest

Many plants are crowded in the tropical rain forest. In order to survive and obtain nutrition, in the long-term evolution process, unusual changes have taken place in the roots, stems, leaves and flowers of many plants, and strange phenomena such as fighting alone, strangling plants, packing and flowering old stems have appeared.

Resources in the rainforest

The temperature of tropical rain forest is 25℃ ~ 30℃ all the year round, and it rains almost every day, which is humid and sultry. The plants here grow rapidly, densely and with many kinds, and there are many precious wood, medicinal materials, rubber trees and fruit trees. It is also a paradise for wild animals.

hanging garden

There are many vines hanging on the tall trees in the rainforest. Some of these lianas are as thick as 20 ~ 30 cm, and some are as long as 300 meters. They climbed to the top of the tree, hung upside down, and intertwined. Epiphytes inhabit tall trunks and branches, and their branches hang freely from high places. Gorgeous flowers adorn them like stars, emitting delicate fragrance, forming a beautiful "hanging garden".

The distribution of tropical rain forest can be subdivided into wet rain forest, monsoon rain forest and mountain rain forest.

The global rainforests are mainly distributed in India, New Guinea, Myanmar, Malaysia, Philippines, Peru, Colombia, Bolivia, Venezuela and Brazil. Among them, Brazil's Amazon basin has the largest rainforest.

The Amazon basin in South America is the representative of tropical rain forest. The Amazon river basin is the largest river in the world, spanning the north and south of the equator. Although the surface is covered with trees, most areas are barren, and only 4% of swamps that are often flooded have fertile soil. The Amazon River is not only a river, but also a forest with 1 100 tributaries.

Rivers in the tropical rain forest are channels, and the equator passes through the mouth of the Amazon River. In the area north of the equator, the rainy season is from March to July, and in the area south of the equator, it is from 10 to 1 month. So the river will rise and fall, first north and then south. The river reaches both sides of the river bank, flooding the plants within 80- 100 km offshore, forming a submerged forest. Some trees submerged in the forest are short of oxygen at their roots and temporarily suffocated, just like dry branches. After the water recedes, the young leaves grow and revive. The most frequent forest fires on earth also occur in the Amazon River basin. It usually happens in the dry season, and the fire will last for six to ten weeks.

In fact, Hong Kong was originally a tropical rain forest area; Because of the long-term development, only sporadic traces are left. On the other hand, there is a tropical rain forest near Kenting in Taiwan Province Province. On the mainland, the tropical rain forest area distributed in Yunnan is the most famous.

Tropical rain is concentrated in the Amazon basin in South America, the Congo River basin in Africa and the islands in Southeast Asia, accounting for about 16% of the global land area. It is the ecosystem with the most biological species on the earth.

Tropical rain forest has the function of regulating heat and moisture, absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen in the cycle of oxygen and carbon dioxide, so it also has the function of slowing down the greenhouse effect. Therefore, the destruction of tropical rain forest may have a strong change in global or local climate, which is also the reason why tropical rain forest has attracted the attention of the international community and strengthened its protection.

The reasons for the destruction of tropical rainforests mainly include excessive burning, farmland conversion, overgrazing, excessive use of fuelwood, improper cutting of commercial timber and forest fires, and the background of these reasons involves poverty and population growth in developing countries.

In order to protect the precious natural functions and values of tropical rainforests, current actions can include:

Encourage developing countries to change economic and other policies that will stimulate deforestation and land abuse. For example, they should stop.

Provide tax incentives and subsidies to individuals or enterprises that encourage the development of forests.

Promote policies that advocate sustainable land and resource use, such as land reform, and provide financial incentives or preferential treatment to individuals or enterprises that properly manage forests and reforestation.

Developing countries are encouraged to formulate energy policies so that they will no longer rely on destroying rainforests to obtain immediately available resources. For example, a four-lane highway makes it easy for people to enter the jungle, and large dams can generate a lot of electricity. However, both of these projects threaten the future of the rainforest, so we should be cautious.

The import of tropical timber should be banned, and timber must come from properly managed protected areas.

Encourage afforestation through loans, bonuses and technical assistance.

Foster and cultivate local environmental protection groups in rainforest areas to strengthen cooperation and influence the decision-making of local governments.