Brief introduction of Shanghainese

Shanghai was established as an administrative town in the Song Dynasty, and Shanghai County was in the Yuan Dynasty. In the Republic of China 16 (1927), the city was officially established, and the original counties such as Shanghai and Baoshan were separated to establish the Shanghai Special City. After 1949, on the basis of the original Shanghai, it was divided into Jiangsu Songjiang, Baoshan, Shanghai and other 10 counties, forming today's Shanghai, and the scope of Shanghai was basically determined. The concept of Shanghainese has changed because of the expansion of administrative scale and the change of jurisdiction. Since the opening of Shanghai (after the Opium War in the late Qing Dynasty), people who settled or were born in the administrative area of Shanghai and obtained hukou are all called "Shanghainese", but there are some classifications and differences. In the eyes of Shanghainese, the real "natives" generally refer to the aborigines who settled in the old town of Shinan District (now Huangpu District), where the county seat of Shanghai is located, before 1843. Today's Shanghai suburbs Jinshan, Baoshan, Fengxian, Jiading, Songjiang, Qingpu and Pudong are all under the jurisdiction of Shanghai Haidao 19 12. People in these places are Shanghainese in the broad sense of the Republic of China. After the establishment of the National Government, Shanghai Special City was established, and the other counties were directly under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu Province. After the Opium War, immigrants from China and even other countries poured into Shanghai (foreign concessions and Shanghai County, China). Before the liberation of New China, the old immigrants mainly came from Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. At that time, the Shanghai dialect was three-quarters different from today's Shanghai suburban dialect, and the "new Shanghainese" after liberation was more diverse. Since then, Shanghai dialect has been deeply influenced by Ningbo dialect and other dialects. Shanghai dialect is one quarter the same as Shanghai suburban dialect today, which basically determines the dialect characteristics of Shanghai dialect today.