Shaanxi is an important birthplace of Chinese nation and Chinese culture. What are the agricultural cultural heritages?

I know a cultivation system of Dahongpao Zanthoxylum bungeanum in Fengxian County, Shaanxi Province.

The cultivation system of Dahongpao Zanthoxylum bungeanum in Fengxian County, Shaanxi Province is an agricultural cultural system characterized by traditional cultivation techniques of Dahongpao Zanthoxylum bungeanum. The heritage site covers 8 towns except Huangniupu Town in Baoji City, Shaanxi Province, with a planting area of about 20,000 mu. Pepper in Fengxian County was first seen in Qin Dynasty, and the palace where the Empress of Han Dynasty lived was called "Pepper Room". It has a cultivation history of more than 2000 years.

In order to maintain the excellent varieties of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, the heritage site has adopted a series of management and protection measures for the wild ancient Zanthoxylum bungeanum varieties with developed roots, resistance to stress and cold, resistance to pests and diseases and early fruiting, so as to ensure the healthy and high yield of old tree species and the diversity of Zanthoxylum bungeanum germplasm resources.

Fengxian mountain area is vast and steep. Zanthoxylum bungeanum has strong adaptability, likes fertilizer and drought tolerance, and is easy to plant. It is widely distributed in high altitude areas, which not only plays a role in soil and water conservation in mountainous areas, but also maintains the ecological balance of Qinling Mountains.

Farmers in Fengxian county combined with seasonal changes and the growth habits of peppers, summed up a set of traditional planting patterns including planting, seedling raising, weeding, soil and fertilizer management, harvesting and preventing cold and harm, and valuable experiences such as "peppers grow old without weeding in that year" and "wrap grass in winter and die without wrapping it".

Farmers in Fengxian county mostly adopt the three-dimensional planting mode of pepper-fruit intercropping and pepper-grain intercropping, forming a farmland landscape of "pepper surrounding garden" and "ridge pepper ridge grain". Pepper tree, as a natural hedge, can protect orchards and farmland, reduce the damage rate of ridges and stem erosion, and form a healthy ecological cycle.

Dahongpao Zanthoxylum bungeanum has excellent quality and high economic value, which has improved the living standards of the people in the heritage site. The unique edible and medicinal value of Dahongpao Zanthoxylum bungeanum has penetrated into people's eating habits and daily life in the heritage site. Zanthoxylum bungeanum is widely used for seasoning and pepper tea. The common products of Dahongpao Zanthoxylum bungeanum include pepper bud, hot sauce and pepper tea.

In the traditional festival culture of Fengxian County, there is the custom of offering peppers to parents during the Lunar New Year, which means birthday and congratulations. "Drinking on New Year's Day will drive away the unhealthy spirit of the epidemic." Every July, Fengxian will hold special activities such as Dahongpao Zanthoxylum Picking Tourism Culture Festival, and carry out Zanthoxylum Fairy Show and Zanthoxylum Tea Show. Spread and carry forward the long-standing pepper culture in the heritage site.