Are the people ruled by Xia, Shang and Zhou only Han Chinese?

Five major nationalities in China in Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties

Xia Guo and Xia Dynasty were slave countries developed from Longshan culture in Henan and other parts of China. It marks the transition of China from primitive society to class society and from barbarism to civilization. The Xia Dynasty was founded by Xia people. Therefore, the establishment of the Xia Dynasty also marks the formation of Xia or Huaxia in a scientific sense or in a narrow sense. After about 400 years of existence and development, Xia people became more stable. The establishment of Xia, Shang, Zhou and Shang Dynasties was not the replacement of another nation by one nation, but the dynasty replacement of the same nation, namely Xia. However, after more than a thousand years of Shang and Zhou dynasties, Xia people not only made great progress in politics, economy and culture, but also developed from the initial slave society to a more developed slave society and then evolved into a feudal society, with a great increase in number and area. By the end of the week, Xia nationality is not only the nationality with the highest economic and cultural development in China, but also the nationality with the largest number and the widest living area. Therefore, it has actually played a major role in the field of our country, or it can be called the main nation. In contrast, other ethnic groups in China can be called ethnic minorities.

During the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, with the formation and development of the Xia ethnic group, the concept of "Siyi" gradually formed and appeared in ethnic exchanges, as did the concepts of Dongyi, Beidi, Xirong and Nanman. This concept came into being in summer and was relatively stable in Shang and Zhou Dynasties. For example, in Oracle Bone Inscriptions unearthed in Yin Ruins, there are four words: Yi (corpse), Di, Rong and Man, which are the appellations of four nationalities. The Book of Rites of the Zhou Dynasty records: "The people of Emperor Yidi and Emperor Wudi in China are all sexual and cannot be changed. In the east, there are tattoos of foreigners, and there are people who don't eat with fire. In the south, it looks good, and some people don't eat with fire. ..... The people of the five parties don't understand the language and have different appetites. Reaching the goal, the general principle is desire, the east says sending, the south says elephant, the west says land in the middle, and the north says translation. "

(1) The "China" here refers to the residential area of Xia or Huaxia, which has the same meaning as Xia. "Send", "image", "deliver" and "translate" all refer to language translation. This record shows that there were five different nationalities in China at that time: Xia, Yi, Man, Rong and Di. Xia people lived in "China", that is, the Central Plains that Xia people thought at that time, and Yi Man Rong Di lived in the southeast and northwest of Xia people.

Although the Xia people were divided into "Ji Wang" directly ruled by the emperor at that time and many vassal states, they were basically the same person in terms of national characteristics. The four ethnic groups, Dongyi, Nanman, Xirong and Beidi, have complex internal ethnic components and are not a single ethnic group.

Dongyi nationality, there are Yi, Huai, Fengyi, Huang, Bai, Chiyi, Xuanyi, and He in the summer, Lanyi, morgue, Fannie and Freddie in the business, Ren Fang, banfang, Fang Lin, Yu Fang in the week, and Huai and Tan Jie in the week. They are mainly distributed in eastern Shandong and northern Jiangsu. Due to the close relationship between Dongyi and Xia nationality, it gradually merged into China after Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties and the Warring States Period. After the Qin and Han Dynasties, Dongyi was no longer the barbarians mentioned above, but referred to some residents in Northeast China and ethnic groups in Korea and Japan.

The northern nationalities have islanders' fur coats in summer, and there are, Yanyun, Ghost Fang, Dog Rong, Earthwork, ■ Fang, Yu Fang, Zhou You, Yanyun, Dog Rong, Su Shen, Rong, Beirong, Shan Rong,,, East Lake, Hu Lin, Loufan and Hu in business. Among these ethnic names, they can be roughly divided into two systems: one is Sushen, Shanrong and Donghu who live in the east; First, the Turkish side, the ghost side, Xun Yu, Yanyun, Canrong, Beirong,,,, Xiongnu live in the west. The northern ethnic groups are nomadic ethnic groups mainly engaged in animal husbandry and hunting economy. By the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, some parts or branches of them had initially entered the class society. During the Warring States period, the Huns conquered and unified some ethnic groups in the north and established a relatively strong slave country.

The Xirong nationality includes Kunlun, Quzuo in summer, Kunyi in Shang, Zhongrong in Zhou. Xirong is mainly distributed in today's Gansu-Qinghai region and its southwest region, and many Rongzhi branches are distributed in today's Weishui River Basin in Shaanxi and Luo Yi region in Henan. At that time, the main body of Xirong was nomadic people mainly engaged in animal husbandry and hunting. Xirong is closely related to China. By the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, they lived in the Weihe River valley, and together with many Rong branches that went deep into Iraq and Luoyang, most of them were expropriated and merged by the Xia people. When the Qin Dynasty unified the summer and built the Great Wall, all the departments of Xirong were basically located to the west of the Great Wall, which was later called Bianqiang.

Nanman nationality, with Hui nationality in summer, serves the Yi nationality, Miao nationality (Sanmiao) and naked country on the island; In the business world, there are, Yong, Pu, Shu, Xun, Wei and Yue. ; There are Zhou, Yue, Min, Yong, Pu (Baipu), Ba, Shu and Min. These nationalities and names can be classified into three systems, one is Bashu, the other is Miao, Yong and Pu, and the other is Naked Country, Fujian and Vietnam. The bronzes recently unearthed in Guanghan, Sichuan, reflect the height of the development of Shu culture. At the end of the Warring States period, Shu was destroyed by Qin and changed to a county. Ba, the legend originated from the junction of western Hubei, Sichuan and Hunan, is a descendant of Lin Jun. It was founded in the Spring and Autumn Period, and was destroyed by Qin at the end of the Warring States Period, and built Ba County, called Ba Man. In Qin and Han Dynasties, it was also called Ba County and Nan County Man. Miao, Man Jing and Baipu live in Jianghan Plain and Hunan. After Shang and Zhou Dynasties, some of them merged with Xia people, and some of them developed into Wu Lingren in Qin and Han Dynasties, also known as Wushui people, which was related to the later Miao and Yao systems. Daoyi, Naked Country and Fujian and Vietnam belong to the ancient Yue system. The Guyue nationality is distributed in parts of Jiangxi, southern Anhui, southern Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan. Its advanced part was built in Wu Yueguo during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Wu perished in the early years of the Warring States, and after Chu perished in the late years of the Warring States, some Yue people merged with Chu people and Xia people, and most of them continued to exist and develop as Baiyue or Yangyue. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, there were several big political centers and countries in Baiyue system.