What does population migration mean?

Population migration: generally refers to the spatial movement of population between two regions. This movement usually involves a permanent or long-term change of the population's residence from the place of emigration to the place of residence.

●Divided by geographical scope

International population migration refers to the migration of people across borders and changing their residence for a certain period of time (usually 1 year). International migration has occurred continuously in history, the largest of which was the climax of migration from the Old World to the New World since the geographical discovery in the 15th century. The main directions of international migration in modern times are: ① Europe continues to migrate to the New World; ② African black slaves are forced to be trafficked to the Americas; ③ Chinese, Japanese, and Indians begin to move to Southeast Asia, America, Oceania and other places. After the Second World War, the characteristics of international migration changed: migration to the New World, which had lasted for hundreds of years, was coming to an end; more and more foreign workers moved from developing countries to developed countries; regional political conflicts frequently broke out And international refugees continue to emerge.

Characteristics of international population migration: Before World War II: Group migration from the Old World to the New World; after World War II: Short-term movement from developing countries to developed countries.

●Divided by migration direction

Domestic migration is relatively frequent and common, and the main forms include: ① Border reclamation migration. Due to uneven economic development among regions, resource-depleted areas have a relative overpopulation, and population migration occurs along with the development of new land. In modern times, the development of places such as the western United States, Siberia of the Soviet Union, and Northeast China attracted a considerable number of immigrants and continued for a period of time. Due to different national conditions of each country, reclamation migration sometimes occurs spontaneously, and sometimes it adopts planned or military settlement methods; ② Rural populations are concentrated in cities. It is one of the more common and significant forms of modern internal migration. Its essence is the transformation of agricultural population into non-agricultural population, which is closely related to the development of industrial agglomeration and commodity economy. After the industrial revolution in the 18th century, cities in Western Europe and North America became the location of large industries, and a large number of rural people poured into the cities. After World War II, a wave of migration to cities spread throughout the world. In developed countries, it is caused by the decrease in the labor force required for agricultural modernization, and the development levels of rural and urban areas are getting closer and closer; in developing countries, modern cities have developed later, with large agricultural populations and large differences between urban and rural areas, which has led to problems such as increased unemployment and deterioration of the urban environment. .

Characteristics of domestic population migration in my country: Ancient times: large numbers of people migrated from places with poor natural conditions to places with good natural conditions; modern times: from the founding of the People's Republic of China to the mid-1980s: from the east to parts of the northwest and northeast Planned and organized; after the 1980s: migration from the west to the east, from rural areas to cities, spontaneous migration, large amount.

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