Detailed information about endangered or extinct organisms in China.

The giant panda is a carnivore and mainly eats bamboo. It is not only rare, endangered and special, but also very old, so it is called "living fossil". At the same time, ancient animals such as saber-toothed tiger, mammoth and giant tapir were extinct due to glacier invasion, but the giant panda survived by retreating into the valley. Now it is only distributed in the green hills and bamboo forests of about 40 counties in China, Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu, and lives in seclusion.

2, golden monkey

China golden monkey includes Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou, among which Sichuan golden monkey is the most familiar. Sichuan golden monkey, distributed in Sichuan, Shaanxi, Hubei and Gansu, lives in mountainous areas and lives in groups. Wearing a golden cloak, climbing trees, jumping and prancing. When the golden monkey was first named, because of its upturned nose and golden hair, Mr. Edward, a zoologist, thought of Roqueana, the wife of the European Crusader Commander, so he named the golden monkey Rhinpitheus Roxellanae based on this beauty.

3, baiji dolphin

The baiji dolphin is an endemic aquatic animal in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China. There are more than 70 species of dolphins in the world, and only 5 species of freshwater whales. China is the only freshwater whale with a narrow distribution, which is older and rarer than the giant panda. Baiji dolphin has a graceful figure, smooth skin, a sword-like kiss and a spindle shape. Eyes as small as beans, ears as small as needles, there are more than 130 small teeth in the upper and lower jaws, and there is a round nostril in the upper left of the head. Although its audio-visual ability is not good, its sonar system can get in touch with its companions more than ten kilometers away through ultrasonic echo positioning.

4. South China Tiger

South China Tiger, English for "Chinese Tiger", is a subspecies endemic to China. It was originally the most widely distributed tiger species in China, with the largest number, the smallest size and the oldest qualification. There is only one kind of tiger in the world, both of which are produced in Asia. In the last century, there were eight subspecies of Bengal tiger, Northeast tiger, Java tiger, South China tiger, Lihai tiger, Bali tiger and Sumatra tiger, but the last three subspecies became extinct one after another. The Xinjiang tiger in China (which subspecies it belongs to has not been clearly defined) became extinct in the early 20th century.

Extended data:

Species specialization and genetic failure are often the internal causes of species endangerment or even extinction. In the long-term evolution process, some kinds of wild animals have adapted to specific habitats, resulting in special habits (including feeding habits), which makes it difficult for them to adapt to the changed environment or other environments, and finally leads to the end of "unsuitable being eliminated".

If the giant panda takes bamboo as its main food, once it loses its existing habitat or bamboo blooms and dies in a large area, it will die in large numbers because there is no bamboo to eat, which will inevitably lead to survival crisis. In the long-term evolution process, some wild animals are threatened by the decline of viability and heritability for various reasons, which makes their populations difficult to recover and tend to be endangered.

Such as crested ibis, the existing number is very small, and there is a certain degree of inbreeding. Under the semi-breeding state of human beings, individual genes adapted to wild life may be gradually lost, thus endangering its survival and even leading to its extinction. In order to develop the economy, human beings cut down forests, reclaim lakes and seas, overgrazing and so on. , directly caused the loss of wildlife habitat, indirectly led to the endangered wildlife.

Forests and grasslands are one of the most important habitats for wild animals, especially mammals, birds, reptiles and insects. Deforestation of forests, followed by land reclamation and overgrazing of grasslands not only occupy the natural homes of wild animals, but also artificially divide wild animals into many isolated small populations, which greatly affects their survival and reproduction.

Reclaiming land from lakes and occupying beaches are the main reasons for the endangered waterfowl, amphibians, reptiles and fish. After wetlands, lakes and coastal beaches have been developed into industrial and agricultural land in large quantities, the animals on which they depend have lost their habitats and breeding grounds and are on the verge of extinction.

For example, the Chinese alligator has lived on the earth for hundreds of millions of years. Due to the loss of habitat, the wild population of Chinese alligator will soon become extinct. The relevant departments intend to use artificially propagated individuals to implement the release project, but because there is no land, they have to wait for the extinction of the wild population of Chinese alligator.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Endangered Animals in China