In ancient times, people usually moved only when there was a serious accident or war. What are the great migrations in history?

1, Yongjia Rebellion, Han people in the Central Plains went south to Jiangnan.

During the Yongjia period of the Western Jin Dynasty, the decadent rulers brutally exploited and oppressed people of all ethnic groups, which led to the displacement of people in the Yellow River basin and forced them to move to the Jianghuai basin on a large scale (mainly into Jiangsu, Anhui, Hubei, Sichuan and other places). The population of this migration to the south is about 900,000, accounting for about one sixth of the population of Liu and Song Dynasties.

Among them, Jiangsu and Anhui provinces account for nearly half of the total number of immigrants, and some areas in Jiangsu are highly concentrated. Today, from Nanjing to Zhenjiang, there are even more foreigners in the north than local residents. Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, the population distribution pattern with a large population in the north and a small population in the south began to change, and the population in the south increased rapidly, which promoted the rapid economic development in the south and led to the emergence of many hometown of overseas Chinese in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

2. During the Anshi Rebellion, the Han people went south.

The Anshi Rebellion lasted for eight years, which caused serious damage to the social economy of the Tang Dynasty. More seriously, since then, the Central Plains region has fallen into a chaotic state of a hundred years' separatist regime, and about 1 10,000 people moved south, which fundamentally changed the population distribution pattern in China with the Yellow River basin as the center of gravity, and the population distribution ratio between the north and the south of China reached a balance for the first time.

From Jingzhou, Hubei Province to Changde, Hunan Province, the registered permanent residence increased tenfold due to immigration. In Taihu Lake Basin, the population has also increased significantly, and Wuxian immigrants may account for one-third of the county's household registration. From Xiangzhou to the south along the Hanshui River and back to Hubei, the number of registered permanent residence in each state has increased to varying degrees, and even the immigration route is spotty.

3, the shame of Jingkang, Song Nanqian.

It happened in the Northern Song Dynasty. 1 125, Jin destroyed Liao and began to attack the northern song dynasty in the south. The Yellow River basin has become the main battlefield. Every major war has caused a large number of residents in the Yellow River basin to migrate to the Yangtze River basin. Many novels and operas in Ming and Qing Dynasties recorded his escape. The total migration to the south is 5 million, which is the largest migration of Han nationality in the Central Plains.

It mainly migrated to Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hubei and Sichuan, which was the biggest stage of population migration at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty. Today, there are a large number of northern immigrants in southeast provinces, even as far away as Fujian and Guangdong, with relatively concentrated areas in southern Jiangsu and Zhejiang. The areas with relatively dense immigrants are from Suzhou to Ningbo, and of course the highest concentration is Hangzhou. This immigration activity has formed a "Hakka" ethnic group with great influence in the world today.

4. Immigrants of Sophora japonica in Hongdong in the early Ming Dynasty.

In the Yuan Dynasty, the Yellow River burst for more than 20 years, and the torrent rolled down thousands of miles, causing a large area of land in the middle and lower reaches to become a swamp. People are on the run and have nowhere to live. In many places, people disappeared and there were bodies everywhere. Villages become ruins, fertile fields become beaches, and the remaining residents often die of plague. After the establishment of the Ming dynasty, people from other places had to be moved to landless farming.

5. Huguang fills Sichuan.

Huguang's filling in Sichuan refers to a large-scale migration in the Qing Dynasty. Huguang generally refers to Huguang provinces at that time, namely Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan and Hubei. According to various textual research, residents of more than a dozen provinces such as Jiangxi, Fujian, Henan, Shandong, Anhui and Jiangsu are also among the immigrants. At the end of Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty, Sichuan experienced wars and its population dropped sharply.

Therefore, a series of measures have been taken from the central government to the local governments to attract immigrants, among which Huguangxing Province has the largest population. Taking Chengdu as an example, the census of Chengdu in the late Qing Dynasty recorded that "Chengdu people are all from other provinces today"; Among them, Hubei 15%, Hunan 10%, Henan and Shandong 5%, Shaanxi 10%, Yunnan and Guizhou 15%, Jiangxi 15%, Anhui 5%, Jiangsu and Zhejiang10.

According to Sichuan Tongzhi: "Since the Han and Tang Dynasties, there have been many teeth of fireworks in Shu." After the war in the late Ming Dynasty, Ding Kou was as thin as a morning star. According to the population statistics in the twenty-four years of Kangxi, the population of Sichuan Province, which experienced large-scale wars, was only over 90,000. After reunification, the Qing government implemented a series of "filling Sichuan" policies. Mainly to encourage immigrants from other provinces to enter Sichuan for reclamation. If it is stipulated that anyone who wishes to enter Sichuan will be given an acre of land as a permanent career.

6. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, the children of the Central Plains migrated to the northwest.

The large-scale westward migration of Henan people along the Longhai Railway was caused by three historical events:

First, after the July 7th Incident of 1937, Japan began to invade China on a large scale, and people fled to the rear areas such as Xi 'an.

Second, the National Government "replaced soldiers with water" and opened the Yellow River Huayuankou on 1938. The Yellow River flooded 44 counties and cities in Henan, Anhui and Jiangsu provinces,12.5 million people were affected and more than 890,000 people died.

1942 The Great Famine in the Central Plains once again aroused a wave of large-scale westward migration of victims in the Central Plains. 1942 (3 1 year of the Republic of China), an extraordinary famine occurred in Henan province. In those days, the Guanzhong Plain had a good weather and a bumper harvest.

At that time, Henan Province had a population of 30 million, and according to official statistics 1942- 1943, the number of people who died of famine was as high as 3 million. The people affected by the disaster in the Central Plains went to Luoyang by train or on foot, and went to the northwest "rear area" along Longhai Road. It is estimated that there are 3.9 million people in * * * in Henan, Anhui and Su Sansheng, most of whom are from Henan, who have left their homes and begged all the way and fled to Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, Xinjiang and other provinces. From the central plains to the northwest, a picture of starvation.