Read the following materials and answer the questions. (28 points) Material 1 The area B below has witnessed the massive influx of European immigrants since16th century. At present, Area B is the worl

Read the following materials and answer the questions. (28 points) Material 1 The area B below has witnessed the massive influx of European immigrants since16th century. At present, Area B is the world.

(1) Difference: the seasonal variation of discharge in M reach is small (2 points).

Reason: The upper reaches of M reach are greatly influenced by the ocean, and the seasonal variation of precipitation is small; High vegetation coverage; Wide wetland area; The construction of large reservoirs has obvious effect on the regulation and storage of river runoff (6 points, 2 points for each, only 3 points).

(2) Low latitude (2 points), narrow land (2 points) and close to the sea, greatly influenced by the ocean (2 points), and high temperature in winter; Located on the leeward slope where the westerly wind prevails, the airflow sinks and heats up (or foehn effect) (2 points).

(3) For China: directly use Brazilian iron ore (to avoid the monopoly of raw materials by international iron ore enterprises); Expand the (international) market: reduce domestic pollution: save freight and reduce costs. (6 points, 2 points each, only 3 points)

For Brazil: it is conducive to transforming resource advantages into industrial advantages (increasing the added value of iron ore); Reduce the dependence of steel on the international market and improve the self-sufficiency rate of steel; Improve the level of industrialization: promote employment. (6 points, 2 points each, only 3 points)

Test analysis:

(1) From the map, there are many tributaries in the upper reaches of the M River, and the wetland area is wide, indicating that the M River is greatly influenced by the ocean and the seasonal variation of precipitation is small; There are large reservoirs in the upper reaches of M River, and both wetlands and reservoirs can regulate the river flow and make it stable. The vegetation coverage in the upper reaches of M River is high, which can increase water infiltration and make the river water quantity change little.

(2) Although land A has a temperate continental climate, it is greatly influenced by the ocean because of its low latitude and proximity to the sea, and the temperature is high in winter; This area is located on the leeward slope of the west wind, where downdraft prevails and has the effect of foehn.

(3) Brazil is rich in iron ore resources. Building a factory in Brazil can fully develop Brazil's mineral resources and turn resource advantages into economic advantages; Brazil has a great demand for steel products. Building a factory in Brazil can meet the needs of domestic economic development, increase employment opportunities and promote the level of industrialization in Brazil.

China has a large demand for iron ore, but it needs to be imported in large quantities. Building a factory directly in Brazil can reduce freight and cost. Reducing domestic pollution can also avoid the monopoly of iron ore in the international market.