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How to write American English?
The United States was the first place where Indians lived. At the end of 15, Spain, the Netherlands, France and Britain immigrated here one after another. [2] ? 13 Before the 8th century, Britain established13 British North American colony on the Atlantic coast of the United States. 1775, the American people broke out the war of independence against the colonial rule of the British Empire. 1776 On July 4th, the Second Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia. George Washington was the commander-in-chief of the Continental Army and issued the Declaration of Independence, announcing the formal establishment of the United States of America. [2] ? 1783 At the end of the War of Independence, Britain recognized the independence of 13 colonies. 1787, the constitution of the United States was passed, and a federal state was established.
From 186 1 to 1865, the American Civil War broke out. Abraham lincoln led the free states in the north to defeat the slave states in the south. Since then, the United States has ended the "semi-slave and semi-free state" and started to implement free capitalism in an all-round way, and embarked on the road of rapid development. During the period from 1803 to 1959, the territory was continuously expanded through purchase and war.
America is a highly developed capitalist country. In the two world wars, the United States and other allies won, and after decades of cold war, they became the only superpower after the disintegration of the Soviet Union, leading the world in the fields of economy, culture and industry. [3-4] ? The White House, Silicon Valley, Wall Street, Hollywood, Broadway and so on in the United States enjoy world reputation. [5-8] ? June 65438+1October 65438+March, 2020 was awarded the title of favorite study destination in 2020 by Hurun to Shangyou.
Early civilization
More than 40 thousand years ago, Indian ancestors arrived in North America through Asia, and then to Central America and South America; When Columbus arrived in what he thought was the New World, about 30 million Indians lived in America. Today, about 654.38+50 million Indians live in the United States and Canada. The composition of these indigenous people is very different in heredity, language and society. It is estimated that in the15th century, there were at least 400 unrelated and distinctive cultural forms in the north of the Rio Grande, with various body types and language families.
About 10 thousand years ago, another group of Asians moved to northern North America, which became the Eskimos. The first white people to come to America may be vikings. Some people think that they went to the east coast of North America before 1000 years ago.
Colonial period
1607, a colonial group of about 100 people established Jamestown on Beggars Beach, which was the first permanent British colony in North America. In the next 150 years, many colonists came in and settled in the coastal areas, most of them came from Britain, and some came from France, Germany, the Netherlands, Ireland, Italy and other countries. European immigrants killed Indians on a large scale, robbed their property and occupied them on a large scale.
Administrative divisions of the United States-exclusive to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Administrative divisions of the United States-exclusive to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Man's land.
1620165438+1October, the first pilgrims sailed into Plymouth harbor in New England by may flower. In order to create a civil autonomous society different from Europe, they signed an extremely important political contract-the Mayflower Convention, which laid the foundation of the United States.
1In the middle of the 8th century, 13 British colonies gradually formed, with their own * * * and parliament under the supreme sovereignty of Britain. Due to the differences in climate and geographical environment, these 13 colonies have different economic forms, political systems and concepts.
War of Independence
/kloc-In the middle of the 0/8th century, there was a rift between the British colonies in the United States and Britain. With the continuous expansion of the colony, they gradually realized the seriousness of the development of the situation, thus sprouting the idea of independence. 1773, Boston Tea Party, dumping by anti-British colonists.
1774, 13 representatives of three states gathered in Philadelphia to hold the first continental congress, hoping to solve the problem peacefully with Britain. But the British king insisted that the colony must unconditionally submit to the British king and accept punishment. 1775, the war was ignited in Lexington, Massachusetts, and the North American War of Independence broke out.
1776 On July 4th, the Second Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia, and the "Continental Army" was formed, with George Washington as the commander in chief. With the adoption of the Declaration of Independence, the United States of America was formally proclaimed? . This day (July 4th) is also regarded as National Day by the United States.
1778 In February, Benjamin Franklin successfully persuaded the Bourbon dynasty, which led to the signing of a military alliance treaty between France and the United States, and France officially recognized the United States. France, Spain and the Netherlands went to war.
178 1 year, the battle of Yorktown was a complete victory, and the US military won a decisive victory. Since then, in addition to several sea battles and sporadic land battles, North America
George Washington and the American War of Independence
George Washington and the American War of Independence (13)
? The war on the mainland has basically stopped.
1787, a federal conference was held in Philadelphia, during which Washington was promoted to chairman. The meeting decided that the state has the power to tax, coin, adjust commerce, declare war and conclude treaties, and at the same time adopt Montesquieu's principle of separation of powers, and the three institutions of legislation, administration and justice check and balance each other.
1812 ~1815 years, Britain invaded the newly established United States again, which is known as the Second American War of Independence. After the war, American States became more United.
Westward Movement
The territorial expansion of the United States
The territorial expansion of the United States
The United States acquired the land on the east bank of the Mississippi River in 1783, Louisiana in 1803 from Napoleon, Florida in 18 19 from Spain, and Texas and Texas in 1845~ 1853 through the US-Mexico War.
From the beginning of the19th century, the territorial expansion of the United States attracted immigrants, moved westward across the Appalachian Mountains to the west coast, participated in traffic construction and developed agriculture and animal husbandry, exploited a large number of natural resources, and promoted the industrialization process of the United States. The negative influence is that the westward movement expelled and destroyed the indigenous Indians, which is the so-called road of blood and tears.
the Civil War
American civil war
American Civil War (6)
The conflict between the industrial bourgeoisie in the north of the United States and the slave owners in the south plantation gradually intensified, which led to the outbreak of the civil war. The focus of both sides is the abolition of slavery. In order to maintain slavery, the slave-holding states in the south hindered the economic development in the north. The policy supported by the northern free state hindered the interests of the southern planters.
65438+In the early 1960s, 1 1 Southern states seceded from the Union and established the United States of America; North Korea expressed its willingness to pay any price for reunification.
1861April 12, the southern planters started a civil war on the grounds that Lincoln was the president of the United States, and the civil war broke out. This is a bloody war faced by Americans. Because the south was well prepared before the war, the north was at a disadvantage in the early stage of the war. 1863, Lincoln promulgated the Emancipation Proclamation and the Homestead Law, and put forward "of the people, by the people and for the people" in his Gettysburg address. The north reversed the unfavorable situation.
1April 9, 865, Nan * * * ended in failure. This victory not only restored the unity of the United States, but also stopped slavery throughout the country. On April 15, President Lincoln was assassinated in Ford Theater.
Transformation and development
/kloc-at the beginning of the 0/9th century, the United States began to industrialize and matured after the civil war.
Martin Luther King's Speech
Martin Luther King's Speech
Stage. In less than 50 years from the Civil War to the First World War, the United States changed from an agricultural country to an urbanized country. From 1890 to 19 17, this nearly 30 years is called the progressive period.
19 14, the first world war broke out; 19 17, the United States was involved in the whirlpool of war and tried to play a new role in the world.
From 65438 to 0929, the Great Depression of capitalism occurred, which affected not only the United States, but also all countries in the world. The economic panic caused millions of workers to lose their jobs, a large number of farmers were forced to give up their farmland, factories and shops closed, banks closed down and there was a depression.
1932, franklin roosevelt (1882 ~ 1945) was elected president, and fully implemented the "Roosevelt New Deal" with * * * intervening in the market as the main means. He advocated that * * * should take action to end the economic panic, and then launched a series of policies to temporarily solve many difficulties, but the American economy did not wake up until after World War II.
1939, World War II broke out. 194 1 65438+February 7, 2008, after Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, the United States entered the war and became the main force in the Pacific battlefield.
After World War II, with the defeat of the Axis countries and the decline of the strength of Britain and France, the United States and the Soviet Union became superpowers, and the world was divided into two camps: East and West. The United States and the Soviet Union and their respective camps confronted each other in an all-round way in military, political, economic, propaganda and other aspects, just like wartime, which is called the "Cold War" in history.
1950, the Korean War broke out, and the US military entered the war and fought side by side with the newly established Chinese people's Volunteer Army. The two sides of the war finally signed an armistice agreement with the 38th parallel as the boundary. After the war, the cold war escalated gradually.
Hd Chinese version
Hd Chinese version
From 65438 to 0962, the Cuban missile crisis brought the panic caused by the Cold War to the highest level. 1969, Apollo 1 1 put a man on the moon for the first time, and the United States gradually surpassed the Soviet Union in the space race.
In the mid-1960s, when the Vietnam War broke out, many Americans began to be dissatisfied with the foreign policy of * * *, and anti-war demonstrations were accompanied by various civil rights movements. In addition, due to the development of industry and the concentration of population, the pollution of ecological environment was widely concerned in the late 1960 s, and the economic depression caused by the energy crisis was the most serious in history in the early 1970 s. In the mid-1970s, the American economy once recovered, but in the late 1970s, inflation reappeared.
1976, the bicentennial of the founding of the United States, various celebrations were held all over the country. Because of its comprehensive advantages in global politics, military affairs, economy and highly developed science and technology, the United States finally brought down the Soviet Union in the Cold War, and the Soviet Union disintegrated at 199 1, and the United States won the final victory in the Cold War. The bipolar pattern has gradually been replaced by the new international situation of more than one superpower, and the United States has become a superpower.
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