Why are the Mongols in Qinghai?

Qinghai is one of the Mongolian inhabited areas in China, with a population of more than 88,000, mainly distributed in Dulan, Wulan County, Delingha, Golmud City and Henan Mongolian Autonomous County of Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, as well as Menyuan, Haiyan, Gangcha and Qilian counties of Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, and the rest are distributed in * * county of Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and Huangyuan, Huzhu and Ledu counties in the eastern region.

The Mongolians in Qinghai started from around 1206, when King Genghis Khan of Mongolia led an army to attack West Asia, and gradually moved to Qinghai from Mongolian tribes, and it has developed to this day.

Qinghai Tibetans believe in Tibetan Buddhism. Generally, every family has a shrine and everyone wears amulets. Simmer mulberry in the morning and evening, offer clear water, recite Buddha's name and kowtow. Every year, the Lama is invited to read the Taiping Jing three times. On holidays or funerals, he goes to the temple to light butter lamps, kowtow and turn prayer wheels. The daily life of Mongolian people in Qinghai is deeply influenced by religion, such as relocation, marriage, funeral and illness. And ask the Lama to greet the good and ill luck, recite scriptures and pray for blessings, in order to get rid of crossing over and give generously.

The vast majority of Mongolians in Qinghai live in beautiful grasslands, mainly engaged in animal husbandry. Their livestock include cattle, horses, sheep and camels, among which sheep are the most. A few Mongolians are engaged in agricultural production, and their products include wheat, highland barley, rape and potatoes.

Due to the cold living area and the influence of Tibetans, the Mongolians in Qinghai are different from those in Inner Mongolia. In winter, men and women wear sheepskin robes with edges or cloth, and in summer, they usually wear double-layer robes made of cotton cloth, sheepskin or sheepskin. Wear a lamb robe with satin or velveteen as the face and otter skin or colored fox skin as the collar on holidays or as a guest. Both men and women should wear brightly colored silk belts in winter and summer. The man is carrying a snuff bottle, a knife and a sickle, and the woman is carrying a knife, a ribbon, a handkerchief and a needle bag. Both men and women wear boots made of cowhide or velvet. Elegant Mongolian boots are made of fragrant cowhide, with upturned tips and cowhide patterns. Wear a fox fur hat in winter and a wool hat in summer.

Mongolian women in Qinghai pay special attention to headdresses, wearing necklaces made of coral, agate and jewels and silver protective shrines around their necks. Married women tie their hair into double braids and tie them into a pair of long braids to hang on their chests; Unmarried girls braid their hair into several braids, always a braid, hanging on the back of their heads, and braid it with many silver medals or accessories such as amber, jade and two bells. People also wear earrings, bracelets and rings during festivals.

The Mongolians in Qinghai mainly eat beef and mutton, dairy products and highland barley fried noodles. They eat more meat in winter and autumn and more milk in spring and summer. Mongolian milk food is famous for its wide variety. There are milk tofu, milk cake, yogurt, koumiss and so on, which are not only delicious, but also nutritious. Among them, yogurt is also regarded as auspicious food by Mongolians, and it is the first dish at festival banquets. To congratulate others or give gifts, you should give yogurt. Because yogurt is nutritious, it can quench thirst and help digestion, so you should always drink some yogurt first when you come back from grazing, and also drink some yogurt after every meal.

Mongolian herdsmen need to live in yurts to adapt to grassland grazing. The yurt is round, beautiful and generous, and full of national characteristics.

Mongolian people are good at singing and dancing, and love wrestling, archery, horse racing and other activities. Every summer and autumn, people will hold grand activities such as offering sacrifices to the sea and Russia in accordance with traditional customs. Among them, the activities of offering sacrifices to the Russian Expo are the most grand and lively. The Russian Sacrifice Expo is an annual grand event of the Mongolian people in Qinghai, similar to the Nadam Conference in Inner Mongolia, which is held in mid-July every year. At that time, monks and laymen, men and women, old and young, dressed in festive costumes, rode horses and camels, and rode yaks carrying tents and food, gathered from all directions on the open and flat grassland with lush water and flowers, set up tents, held ceremonies to worship mountain gods and pray for the safety of people and animals, participated in or watched competitions and performances such as archery, target shooting, wrestling, horse racing, singing and dancing, and carried out various material exchange activities.