Zhihu, how is life in Austria?

? Udine is a city in the friuli-Venezia-Giulia region in the northeast of Italy and the capital of Udine province. Keep a low profile Many Italians have never heard of the name of this city.

? Udine is located on the plain leading to the Adriatic Sea at the foot of the Alps, bordering Austria, Slovenia and Croatia, between Trieste and Venice, less than 20 kilometers from Slovenia and about 54 kilometers from Austria.

Udine, located in the Balkan Peninsula and the edge of Central Europe, is the eastern gate of Italy. It is also a melting pot of Italian, Slavic and Austrian-German cultures, and has always been the meeting point of many nationalities and cultures.

Most of Udine are Italians, and foreigners account for 9. 1% of the total population, with many Slovenians and few Germans. As a typical northern city, Udine doesn't have so many enthusiastic Italians, and most of them are introverted. Udine people are generally tall with slightly golden skin, brown hair and blue eyes.

In 983, Emperor Otto II of the Holy Roman Empire donated Utinam Castle to the Archdiocese of Aquilia, and Udine became the seat of the Archdiocese. 1223, Udine established a trading market and gradually became a trade center.

1420, Udine surrounded by mountains was conquered by Venice and ruled until 1797. Because it borders Austria-Hungary, it is a battleground for military strategists. When Napoleon dominated Europe, he was occupied by the invincible Gaul army and controlled by the French. After Napoleon's defeat, he became a part of Lombardy-Venice, Austria's puppet country.

186 1 year, the kingdom of Italy was born. 1866, Udine was merged into the Kingdom of Italy.

During the First World War, before the Battle of Caporeto, Udine was the seat of Italy's highest headquarters, and then Udine was occupied by the Germans. 1965438+June, 2005-1965438+June, 2007 -65438+ 10, the Italian army attacked the border Yisongzuo River for two consecutive times 12, and hundreds of thousands of soldiers were damaged and failed to capture it. 101On October 24-28, the German-Austrian army launched an interspersed assault from the west side of the Italian front, and four days later, it advanced 150 km, occupying Udine, an important town in northern Italy, which led to the total collapse of the Italian army's Izunzo front. Germany and Austria annihilated 300,000 Italian troops and captured 265,000. 19 18, Udine was occupied by the Austro-Hungarian Empire until the end of World War I, and was recovered by Italy after the Battle of Toth in Auvinet, Vitori.

? Italian cannon used in the First World War.

? 1965438+In September 2008, the First World War was coming to an end. The allied forces launched a final attack to prepare for victory. In the Alps, as an ally, Italy fought a war with Austria for Tranto, South Tyrol, Udine and Trieste, which was the highest war in history. The Italian government recruited about 6.5438+0.5 million soldiers, claiming that if Austria returned the above-mentioned areas to Italy, Italy would stand on the side of the Triple Alliance to participate in the war.

? Prisoners of war in Udine Square

After the Italian government fell to the Allies in World War II, Udine was under the direct control of the Germans until the end of the European battlefield in World War II. 1September 8, 943, the Italian Nazi government surrendered, and Udine was under the jurisdiction of Germany for one and a half years. During this period, many Germans who suffered from war came to this relatively safe city, which is why there are many German races in Udine.

? 1943- 1944, Udine under the jurisdiction of Germany.

Udine people have long intermarried with foreigners, many of whom are descendants of Germanic and Eastern European immigrants. They are generally proficient in German, Italian and Eastern European languages. Udinese people are calm and introverted, and their logical rigor is close to that of Germans. People who live in Udine are not so interested in profits. Udinese people are quiet and introverted.

The most famous enterprise in Udine is Moreti Beer Company founded by 1859, which was founded by Luigi Moreti. The Moreti family owned this enterprise until 1989, and it is the largest Italian beer producer. 1996, Moreti beer was acquired by Heineken, but one year later Heineken was accused of violating the anti-monopoly regulations and reselling Moreti beer.

Udinese people are most proud of Udinese Football Club, which was founded in 1896 and is the second oldest football club in Italy. Udine is the home of football club Udine. The founders are a group of scholars in giampaolo. But at first it appeared as a gymnastics and fencing group, and there was indeed a football team in the club. Gymnasts and fencers have nothing to do but play football when they pass the time. After the team was established, it won the national unofficial championship in the first season. 1911-1912 years began to participate in national competitions. 2021165438+1On October 30th, Udinese Football Club will celebrate125th birthday. To celebrate this exciting moment, the club released the LOGO celebrating the 25th anniversary of/kloc-0 on August 9th.

Old fools and players

Udinese has always been the representative team of Apennine football, and has never won the Serie A championship in the long 125 years. 1986, after the Italian rich Pozzo family took over, through unremitting investment and management, the team successfully ranked among the top teams in Serie A. Udinese owned the Freudian tools of Pozzo family and was once one of the four largest industrial tool manufacturers in the world. In 2006, the Bozo family made a transformation decision and sold it to Bosch Group in Germany.

? The style of Udinese football team, influenced by regional culture, likes to choose tall and burly strong players and pays attention to physical confrontation, which is a unique scenery in Italian football. The Bozo family, the boss of Udinese, once owned the top league teams in Italy, England and Spain. Udinese team has been given priority to young players with potential, and has achieved rapid growth under the leadership of some experienced stars.

? The domestic media called Udinese a "black chicken" with vivid image. At that time, Udinese made great achievements, and there was quite a trend of "black chicken turning into phoenix". Udinese's official nickname has always been clear, that is "zebra", Italian "black and white legion". There is a simple reason. Udinese's traditional jersey is a black and white striped jersey.

Common zebra banners in friuli Stadium

The official mascot of Udinese is zebra. In Italy, Udinese is also called Little Zebra.

Udinese has invested more than 20 million euros in scouting operation system every year, which is the highest in the world. Boss Bozo never sits on the podium at home, but only hides in the ordinary stands. Pozzo said: "Football is just a private life for me. I just want to sit quietly in the corner, even if I am alone, I can shout at will. This is a freedom that cannot be given on the rostrum. "

Although Udine people are tall and rough, they are very literary in their bones. Udine is a capital of literature and art with a long history. The music and artistic culture here are very developed. The major of film and television production and music in Udine University is first-class in Italy.

During World War II, Udine was one of the few cities that was not destroyed, so many beautiful Renaissance buildings were preserved in the city. Tiepolo, a great Renaissance painter, lived in Udine for many years and left many works for the city.

The famous Far East Film Festival was held in Udine from 65438 to 0997, aiming at actively promoting the spread of Asian films and culture in Europe and showing a real Asia. In recent years, due to the expansion of the influence of the film festival, many Asian films that we are familiar with, such as Summer of Mujiro, Bow, Tangshan Earthquake, Infernal Affairs and Melting Pot, have won awards at the Far East Film Festival.

? Every summer, Udine holds a grand rock music festival, and the hall-level rock bands such as Spitfire Fighter, Oasis and Rolling Stones were once guests of Udine Music Festival. In recent years, some excellent domestic rock bands, such as Jiubao Band, also participated in Udine Music Festival.

? Udine has developed economy, prosperous business, very comfortable urban environment, and the residential safety index ranks second in the country. In 20 15, the per capita GDP exceeded 29,000 euros, ranking 10 in Italy. Udine is an important industrial manufacturing town with developed steel and metallurgical industries. Dagnelie Group is one of the three largest metallurgical equipment manufacturers in the world, and its headquarters is located in Udine. Dagnelie Group cooperated with China many years ago.

? Udine is a small city with no tall buildings. There are many small villas with 2-3 floors, and the old buildings are well protected. There is no traffic jam. Large green area, lush trees and fresh air. The whole city is quiet and peaceful, and it is a livable city. There are some slow waves and bends in the urban area, and the street floor is covered with very traditional curved square bricks, which looks like many intersecting circles are drawn. The urban area is quiet and soothing, and there are almost no pedestrians except cars passing by in the street.

? In recent years, under the leadership of Horsell, the mayor of Udine, the traditional metallurgical and steel industries with serious pollution are gradually transforming, and emerging industries such as photovoltaic power generation, cultural tourism and software development have been vigorously developed. According to statistics, the first job of Udinese college students after graduation is a programmer, which shows that they attach importance to the IT industry.

References:

Zhihu, Map Emperor, why is there a huge difference between North and South? Italian National Tourism Administration; Baidu Encyclopedia, Udi, Udi; Huayitong international education, studying in Italy; PPTV sports, Italian football geography